Wikidata Petrus Seeger
Res apud Vicidata repertae:
Nativitas: 3 Maii 1919; Novum Eboracum
Obitus: 27 Ianuarii 2014; Manhata
Patria: Civitates Foederatae Americae
Nomen nativum: Peter Seeger

Familia

Genitores: Carolus Seeger; Constance de Clyver Edson
Coniunx: Toshi Seeger
Proles: Mika Seeger

Petrus "Pete" Seeger (3 Maii 191927 Ianuarii 2014) fuit cantor, citharista, compositor carminum vulgarium, et agitator politicus Americanus. Qui saepe in emissionibus radiophonicis per civitatem inter 1940 et 1950 auditus est, ac sodalis Weavers seriem nonnullorum orbium phonographicorum prosperorum annis circa 1950 habuit, insignissime eorum impressio "Goodnight, Irene" cantoris Lead Belly, carminis quod primum locum chartarum tredecim per hebdomadas obtinebat anno 1950. Sodales autem Weavers a politicis conservativis et negotiatoribus obsequentibus per aetatem McCarthianam proscripti sunt. Post 1961, ad rem praesentem revertit egregius musicae obtestationis cantor qui exarmationi internationali, iuribus civilibus, contraculturae, et causis oecologicis favebat.

Seeger in Festo Clearwater mense Iunio 2007 agit.

Inter sua carmina notissima sunt "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?" (cum Iosepho Hickerson compositum), "If I Had a Hammer" (cum Lee Hays gregis Weavers), et "Turn! Turn! Turn!" ('Verte! Verte! Verte!,' verba ex Libro Ecclesiastibus apta), quae a multis artificibus per machinam phonographice impressae sunt, intra et extra motum redintegrationis vulgaris, et per orbis terrarum cantantur. "Flowers" fuit successus impressus pro Trinione Kingstoniana (1962); Maria Magdalena Dietrich, quae eum phonographice impressit Anglice, Theodisce, Francice (1962); et Ioanne Rivers (1965). "If I Had a Hammer" fuit successus pro Petro, Paulo, et Maria (1962) et Trini Lopez (1963). Grex Byrds successum primi numeri per "Turn! Turn! Turn!" (1965) habuerunt.

Seeger fuit unus ex cantoribus carminum vulgarium maximi momenti qui spirituale "We Shall Overcome"[1] favori populi tulit, quod agnitus motus iurum civilium Americani hymnus elatior factum est mox post 1960, cum Guido Carawan, cantor vulgaris et agitator politicus, id in primo conventu Consilii Copulandi Non Violenti Scholasticorum introduceret. In "Pete Seeger: The Power of Song," episodio American Masters spectaculi Ministerii Emittendi Publici, Seeger dicit se vocabula ab usitatis "We will overcome" ad "We shall overcome" mutavisse, ambabus locutionibus 'superabimus' significantibus, sed hac validiore sonante.

Familia et vita privata recensere

 
Carolus Seeger (1886–1979).

Seeger natus est in Valetudinario French mediae urbis Manhatae die 3 Maii 1919.[2] Familia materna, Yankee et Protestans, quam Seeger "praeter modum Christianam, more Puritano, Calvinistico Neoanglicano"[3] appellavit,[4] propagines a maiorbus plus quam ducentos annos petivit. Proavus autem paternalis, Carolus Ludovicus Seeger, medicus, ad Americam ex Regno Virtembergia Germaniae per Res Novas Americanas immigraverat, et in matrimonium mulierem familiae Parsons Novae Angliae decennio inter 1770 et 1780 duxerat.[5]

Petri Seeger pater, Carolus Ludovicus Seeger, compositor et musicologus, alumnus Universitatis Harvardianae, Mexicopoli Mexici parentibus Americanis natus est. Qui primum curriculum musicologiae in Civitatibus Foederatis excogitavit et constituit, in Universitate Californiensis anno 1913, Societatem Musicologicam Americanam conditam adiuvit, unusque ex conditoribus maximi momenti ethnomusicologiae, disciplinae academicae, fuit. Mater, Constantia de Clyver (nata Edson), in Tunisia educata et in Conservatorio Musicae Lutetiae exercita, fuit violinista quae concentus dare solebat, et deinde in Schola Juilliardiana docuit.[6]

Carolus Seeger anno 1912 conductus est ad instituendam partem musicam in Universitate Californiensi Berkeleiae, sed se abdicare debuit anno 1918 propter pacificismum publicum per Bellum Orbis Terrarum I.[7] Carolus et Constantia retro ad orientem immigraverunt, praedio Caroli parentium in Patterson, ad boreorientem Urbis Novi Eboraci sito, eorum castris domesticis. Petro infante menses duodevicensimos natu, cum eo et duobus fratribus maioribus natu in habitaculo remulcato a seipsis facto profecti sunt, quixotice ut homines laborantis in Meridie Americano per musicam sublevarent.[8] Novum Eboracum rediti, Constantia violinam Carolusque artem compositionis docuit in Instituto Artis Musicae Novi Eboraci (deinde Schola Juilliardiana), cuius praeses, Franciscus Damrosch, amicus familiae, quasi adoptivus Constantiae avunculus fuit. Carolus etiam in Nova Schola pro Investigatione Sociali quondam docuit. Anxietates curriculi et pecuniae ad iurgia et reconciliationes duxerunt, sed cum Carolus inveniret Constantiam rationem in argentaria aperuisse, separati sunt, et Carolus eorum filios tres custodit.[9] Ex anno 1936, Carolus varios honores administrativos administrationis foederalis per bellum in ratione constitutionis fundorum et Proposito Musico Foederali Procurationis Progressus Operum (1938–1940), et in Ordine Civitatum Americanarum tenuit. Post bellum, ethnomusicologiam in Universitate Californiensi et Universitate Yalensi docuit.[10][11]

 
Ruth Crawford Seeger, compositor et noverca Petri Seeger.

Petro septem annos natu, Carolus et Constantia divortium inter se fecerunt, et anno 1932 Carolus Ruth Crawford Seeger, suam discipulam compositionis et adiutricem, duxit, quam nunc multi unam ex compositoribus modernisticis saeculi vicensimi maximi momenti habitam.[12] Ruta musicae vulgaris penitus studosa, collocationes musicas libro American Songbag (1927) suppeditavit, auctoritate gravissimam Caroli Sandburg anthologiam, et deinde octo compositiones poematum Sandburgianorum creavit.[13] Carolus Seeger III, Petri frater maximus natu, fuit radioastronomus, et Ioannes Seeger, frater maior proximus natu, in Schola Daltoniana Manhatae decennium inter 1950 et 1960 docuit, et rector Scholae Inferioris Fieldstonianae in Bronx ab 1960 ad 1976 fuit.[14] Alanus Seeger, patruus et poeta notissimus ("I Have a Rendezvous with Death"), unus ex primis militibus Americanis in magno bello interfectis fuit. Omnes quattuor siblings? ex patris uxore secunda—Margarita (Peggy), Michael, Barbara, et Penelope (Penny)—cantores musicae vulgaris facti sunt. Peggy, ipsa musica bene nota, uxor multos annos fuit Ewan MacColl cantoris vulgaris et agitatoris Britannici. Michael Seeger fuit conditor gregis New Lost City Ramblers, cuius sodalium unus, Ioannes Cohen, Penny duxit—etiam cantrix ingeniosa, quae autem iuvenis mortua est. Barbara Seeger cum liberis eorundem parentium carmina vulgaria puerilia per machinam phonographice impressit. Petrus anno 1935 Castra Solis Orientis visitavit, castra pro ductu internationali aestate quotannis in Novo Eboraco superiori habita, quae eius cursum vitae movit. Castra recentissime visitavit anno 2012.

Petrus anno 1943 Toshi-Aline Ōta duxit, fulcrum dicere solebat quod reliquium eius vitae fieri fecit. Mariti una habitaverunt usque ad mortem Toshi, Iulio 2013.[15] Filius primus, Petrus Ōta Seeger, natus anno 1944, mortuus est sex mensibus natu, Petro trans mare expedito, quem Petrus numquam vidit.[16] Toshi Petro tres filios additos peperit: Danielem (photographum et fabricatorem pellicularum eruditum), Michaelam (figulum et pictorem picturarum muralium), et Tinyam (figulum). Sunt praeterea nepotes Tao Rodríguez-Seeger (musicus), Cassie (artifex), Kitama Cahill-Jackson (fabricator pellicularum), Moraya (discipulus in schola graduata quae Christophoro DeGeare, lusori Foederis Pediludii Nationalis, nupsit), Penny, et Isabelle. Tao est musicus vulgaris sui iuris, qui canit et citharam et banione psallit, et harmonica cum grege Mammals ludit. Kitama Jackson est fabricator pellicularum documentariarum quae productor consociatus Pete Seeger: The Power of Song pelliculae documentariae Ministerii Emittendi Publici fuit.

De notionibus religiosis vel spiritualibus, Seeger dixit: "Me spiritualissimus sentio cum foris in silva sim. Pars naturae fio. Vel ad astra aspiciens. [Solebam dicere] me esse atheistam. Nunc dico omnia esse secundum tuum Dei definitionem. Secundum meum Dei definitionem, atheista non sum, quia puto Deum omnia esse. Quandocumque oculos aperio, Deum aspicio. Quandocumque aliquid ausculto, Deum ausculto."[17][18] Sodalis fuit Ecclesiae Universalismi Unitariani Novi Eboraci sitae.[19]

Seeger in Beacon Novi Eboraci diu habitavit. In republica et rebus socialibus versatus mansit, vitam impigram in regione Vallis Hudsonianae in Novo Eboraco tenuit. Ipse et Toshi agrum silvestrem anno 1949 emerunt, et primum in tracto periegetico, tum in casa stipitum quam ipsi aedificaverunt habitaverunt. Toshi Beacon in vico die 9 Iulii 2013,[15][20] Petrusque Novi Eboraci in urbe die 27 Ianuarii 2014 obiit.[21]

Cursus musici et agitatoris recensere

Opus primum recensere

Seeger aetate quattuor natu ad oecotropheum missus est, sed duos annos post redivit, cum parentes invenirent scholam eos certiorem non fecisse Petrum scarlatinam passum fuisse.[22] Gradus primum et secundum in Nyack Novi Eboraci frequentavit, ubi mater habitabat, antequam in oecotropheum in Ridgefield Connecticutae intravit.[23] Parentes, quamquam musici classici erant, non fecerunt ut puer instrumento luderet. Qui autem, aliter libris deditus et verecundus, sua sponte ad ukulele vergit. Aetate tredecim natu, Seeger in Avon Old Farms, schola praeparatoria in vico Avon Connecticutae sita, matriculavit, ex qua diploma studiorum adeptus est anno 1936. Selectus est ut frequentaret Castra Solis Orientis, rationem aestivam et internationalem Societatis Fundatae Georgii E. Jonas. Aestate 1936, iter cum patre et noverca faciens, primum banionem chordarum quinque audivit in Mountain Dance and Folk Festival ('Ferio Montano Saltationis et Rerum Rusticorum') in Carolina Septentrionali prope Asheville, a Bascom Lamar Lunsford ordinato, folklorista, lectore, et musicae traditionalis actore loci, quem Carolus Seeger pro propositis musicis Farm Resettlement conduxerat.[24] Festum in campo basipilae tecto factum est, ubi familia Seeger

manus saltationis quadratae ex Bear Wallow, Happy Hollow, Cane Creek, Spooks Branch, Cheoah Valley, Bull Creek, et Soco Gap observabant; Samantham Bumgarner, banionis chordarum quinque psaltam, auscultabant; et familiares fidum greges, inter quos grex Indorum e reservatione Cherokeensi qui chordophona psallebant ballatasque canebant. Inter concursus errabant qui castra ad marginem agri posuerant, etiam musicam ibi factam auscultantes. Quoad filia Lunsfordiana deinde meminerat, "illi rusticis divitias quas pater [Lunsford] invenierat. Cantare, fidibus canere, baniones et citharas gratia et modo traditionali pulsare nusquam alibi inveniri poterant in mediis montibus. Illas inquietantis per campum lusorium fluitantis melodias audire iam possum."[25][26]

Pulchritudinem huius musicae ipsius experiri "experientia conversionis" pro familia Seegerana fuit. Petrus, penitus motus, postquam Lunsford primos digitorum ictus ei docuerat, multum proximorum annorum quattuor in studio banionis chordarum quinque degit.[26] Seeger iuvenis parentes aliquando comitatus est cum conventibus usitatis in tabulato Thomae Hart Benton, pictoris et docentis artis, et Ritae uxoris in Greenwich Village nocte dierum Saturni adessent. Benton, qui res Americanas rusticas multo amabat, carmina vulgaria "Cindy" et "Old Joe Clark" cum discipulis Carolo et Jackson Pollock, amicis musicae rusticae peritis ex industria impressionis per discophona, ac cum Carolo Ruggles et Henrico Cowell, compositoribus avant-garde, canere solebant. Petrus in uno ex conviviis Bentonianis carmen "John Henry" primum audivit.[27]

Seeger in Collegio Harvardiano partim per stipendium scholasticum matriculavit, sed cum se in rebus politicis et musica vulgari magis magisque implicaret, gradus academici ceciderunt stipendiumque amisit. De collegio 1938 discessit.[28] Cursus artis diurnariae et artium elegantium exspectaverat. Suum opus musicum primum fuit discipulos per carmina vulgaria ducere in Schola Daltoniana, ubi matertera fuit rectrix. Suas facultates musicas polivit cum actor musicus iter aestate faceret per civitatem Novum Eboracum sex hebdomadibus cum The Vagabond Puppeteers ('Puparii Larifugae': Jerry Oberwager, 22; Maria Wallace, 22; et Harrietta Holtzman, 23), theatro puparum peregrinante, "a rusticis educationis expeditionibus Mexici postrevolutionarii moto."[29][30] Unum ex eorum spectaculis cum cessatione operis agricolarum lactis casu congruit. Grex spectaculum Novi Eboraci mense Octobri iterum peregit. Commentarius in fasciculo diei 2 Octobris 1939 diarii Daily Worker iter pupariorum sic rettulit:

Grex omne per iter in caupona numquam cenavit. Nocte sub divo dormierunt et suum cibum foris parabant; hospites autem agricolarum saepe fuerunt. Per negotia rustica et conventus syndicati, mulieres cenas ferebant et inter se certabant ut probarent quam gregem maxime pascere potuerit, et agricolae post negotia intente disceptabant de quibus honoris causa eorum hospites nocte domi fuerint.

"Nos satis aluerunt," rettulerunt puellae, "ac nos hiemare omnino potuerimus omnes tantum propositionibus utentes ut spatium septem dierum ruri degeremus."

In domibus agricolarum de re publica, de difficultatibus operariorum, de antisemitismo et unionismo, de bello et pace et securitate sociali disceptare solebant—"et semper," Puparii referunt, "agricolae scire volebant quod fieri potuerit ad instituendam unitatem validiorem inter se et operarios urbanos. Hanc necessitatem magis quam ante sentiebant, subsidiumque a CIO in operistitio lactis datum eis novum intellegentiam novumque respectum ad copiam habitum dedit quae in sententia una iacet. Una aestas nobis persuasit minimum nisum ordinatum a sodalitatibus urbanis—syndicatibus, corporibus emptorum, Americana Laboris Factione, et gregibus similibus—agricolas non solum attingere, sed in primum agmen cum urbanis firmius convertere potest quod una ex optimis fidibus progressus erit.[31][32]

 
Burl Ives. Photographema a Carolo Van Vechten factum (1955).

Seeger opus illo autumno Vasingtoniae coepit, Alanum Lomax, amicum patris, adiuvans in opere Archivi Carminum Vulgarium Americanorum Bibliothecae Congressionalis. Opus fuit Lomax adiuvare ut commercialem "phylae" rurisque musicam scrutaretur ac orbes phonographicos seligere quae musicam vulgarem Americanam optime repraesentare poterant, propositum a parte musica Unionis Pan Americanae (deinde Ordo Civitatum Americanarum) fundatum, cuius parti musicae Carolus Seeger pater a 1938 ad 1953 praefuit.[33]

Lomax vocationem carminum cantatorum etiam cohortatus est, et Seeger mox fuit actor constans in Alani Lomax et Nicolai Ray Back Where I Come From, spectaculo hebdomadali Societatis Emittendi Columbianae (1940–1941), cum Iosue White, Burl Ives, Lead Belly, et Woody Guthrie (quem primum in "Grapes of Wrath" incidit, in concentu Gulielmi Geer pro commodo operariorum migrantium, die 3 Martii 1940 dato). Back Where I Come From unicum fuit ob distributionem partium in singulos actores integratos per phylen, quod actorum diurna expresserunt cum in perfunctione necessaria in Aedibus Albis Martio 1941 actum esset, ab Alienora Roosevelt ordinatum et "An Evening of Songs for American Soldiers" appellatum,[34] prae ministris belli, aerarii, et classis, atque aliis spectatoribus notabilibus. Spectaculum bene gestum fuit, sed ob participes integratos, fautores commerciales pro emissionibus radiophonicis omnem per civitatem pecunias dare recusaverunt. Per bellum, Seeger nihilominus in emissionibus radiophonicis omnem per civitatem egit, Normanno Corwin hospite. Anno 1949, Seeger fuit praeceptor vocalis in Schola Urbana et Rustica, schola progressiva in Greenwich Village Novi Eboraci sita.

Prima agitatio recensere

Anno 1936, septendecim annos natus, Seeger se cum Foedere Communistarum Iuvenum consociavit, tum populo gratissimum et auctoritate gravissimum. Anno 1942 sodalis Factionis Communisticae Civitatum Foederatarum factus est, sed anno 1949 discessit.[35]

 
Woody Guthrie cum sua cithara, quae se "fascistas interficere" (Anglice "kills fascists") dicit.

Seeger vere 1941 fuit sodalis Almanac Singers ('Cantores Fastorum') cum Millard Lampell, Cisco Houston, Woody Guthrie, Butch et Elizabetha Lomax Hawes, et Lee Hays. Ipse et Almanacs nonnulla alba 78rpm fecerunt pro Keynote et aliis societatibus: Songs for John Doe ('Carmina pro Ioanne Doe') (Februario exeunte aut Martio impressum et Maio 1941 prolatum), Talking Union ('De Syndicatu Loquens'), album carminum maritimorum, et album carminum praecursorum. Songs for John Doe, carmen a Millard Lampell compositum, peractum est a Lampell, Seeger, et Hays, cum Ioscio White et Samuele Gary. Versus continuit verbis "Haud mirificum fuerit pro Du Pont in Brasilia mori,"[36] qui militare dilectum Rooseveltianum, tempore pacis inauditum (Septembri 1940 sanctum), acerrime reprehendit. Hoc habitus, contra bellum et dilectum, principia factionis communisticae post Pactum Molotov-Ribbentropianum signatum (1939) subsecutus est, quod affirmavit hoc bellum esse affectatum, tantum praetextum per quem Americana commercii collegia Hitlero suadere poterint ut Russiam Sovieticam aggrederet. Seeger denique fasus est se hoc argumentum illo tempore credidisse, ut crediderunt multi Foederis Communistarum Iuvenum sodales. Sodales foederis, quamquam nomine erant sodales Frontis Popularis, qui se cum Roosevelt et liberalibus moderatioribus consociabat, prohibitionem iam dolebant commercii armorum Hispaniae Fideli a Roosevelt et Churchill impositam (quam Roosevelt erratum demum appellaverit),[37] et societas per turbatam eventuum congeriem deterior facta est.

Recognitio in fasciculo diei 16 Iunii 1941 in Time magazina, quae sub Henrici Luce domino interventum in rebus Europaeanis suadere coeperat, album John Doe reprehendit, quod dixit diligente sonum retulisse quod appellabat "mendacem cantum Moscuensem," per quem "Franklinus Roosevelt populum invitum in bellum J. P. Morganianum inducit."[38] Traditur Alienora Roosevelt, quae musica vulgarem amare solebat, album "insulsum" pronuntiavisse, sed Praeses Roosevelt, cum de albo certiorem factus est, tantum observavit, recte ut res evenerint, pauci homines id umquam audierint. Signum monitorium dedit responsum Caroli Ioachim Friederich, eminentis professoris reipublicae Harvardiani, in Germania nati, suasoris de domesticis res ad animos hominum movendos ad militiam approbandam. Magazina Atlantic Monthly, in recognitione "The Poison in Our System" in fasciculo Iunii 1941 inscripta, Carmina pro Ioanne Doe pronuntiavit "accurate seditiosa et contra leges,"[39] "num a communistis aut nazistis empta,"[40] et "res advocati fisci,"[41] praeterea dicens "tantum suppressionem" legitimam haud sufficiens fore huic generi veneni popularis curato,[42] cuius venenum fuit musica vulgaris et facilitas per quam patesci potebat.[43]

Civitates Foederatae bellum illo tempore non iam intraverat, sed se iterum impigre armabant. Leges Afroamericanos vetuerunt in fabricis militaribus laborare, quod eos et progressivos albos magnopere irritabat. A. J. Muste, dux iurum civilium, A. Philippus Randolph, et Bayard Rustin, duces syndicatuum nigrorum, ingens iter in Vasingtoniam meditari coeperunt, ut praeiudicatae opinioni phyleticae in fabricatione et venditione mercium belli contra dicarent et desegregationem virium armatarum urgerent. Iter, quod multi putant primam manifestationem motus iurum civilium fuisse, sublatum est cum Praeses Roosevelt Iussum Exsecutivum 8802 diei 25 Iunii 1941 promulgaret, qui discriminationem conducendi interdixit a societatibus quae foederales operis militaris locationes tenebant. Hic actus praesidentialis iram Afroamericanorum aliquantum sedavit, quamquam Exercitus Civitatum Foederatarum se iam desegregare recusavit, rebus inesse nolens quas ingeniaria socialis appellavit.

Iussum Rooseveltianum tres dies renuntiatum est postquam Hitlerus, pactum Ribbentrop-Molotovianum frangens, Unionem Sovieticam invaserat, quo tempore Factio Communista Americana suos sodales cito iussit dilectui favere, societatemque in operistitiis per spatium belli vetuit, nonnullos homines a sinistra irritans. Phonodisci carminis Songs for John Doe non iam venumdabantur, et multi destructi sunt.[44] Nihilominus, Talking Union, album Almanacs, ut LP a Folkways Records (FH 5285A) anno 1955 iterum prolatum est, et iam venumdatur. Almanacs proximo anno Dear Mr. President protulerunt, album praesidem nisumque belligerum sustinens. "Dear Mr. President," carmen titulare, fuit solum a Petro Seeger cantum, cuius versus eius fidem constantem expresserunt:

Verba Anglica
Verba Latine reddita

Now, Mr. President,
We haven't always agreed in the past, I know,
But that ain't at all important now.
What is important is what we got to do,
We got to lick Mr. Hitler, and until we do,
Other things can wait.
 
Now, as I think of our great land . . .
I know it ain't perfect, but it will be someday,
Just give us a little time.
 
This is the reason that I want to fight,
Not 'cause everything's perfect, or everything's right.
No, it's just the opposite: I'm fightin' because
I want a better America, and better laws,
And better homes, and jobs, and schools,
And no more Jim Crow, and no more rules like
"You can't ride on this train 'cause you're a Negro,"
"You can't live here 'cause you're a Jew,"
"You can't work here 'cause you're a union man."
 
So, Mr. President,
We got this one big job to do
That's lick Mr. Hitler and when we're through,
Let no one else ever take his place
To trample down the human race.
So what I want is you to give me a gun
So we can hurry up and get the job done.

Equidem Domine Praeses,
nos non semper congruisse scio,
quod autem minoris momenti nunc est.
Magni momenti est quod facere debemus:
debemus verberare Dominum Hitlerum, et antequam vincimus,
maneant aliae res.
 
Cum quidem nostram terram grandem cogito . . .
scio eam perfectam non esse, sed aliquando erit.
Modo nobis sit tempus.
 
Hac de causa pugnare volo,
nec quia omnia sunt perfecta, nec omnia sunt recta.
Non, contrariumst: pugno quia
cupio meliorem Americam, et meliores leges,
et meliores domus, et quaestus, et scholas,
ac non plus Iacobuli Corvi, non plures regularum sicut
"Tibi non licet ire hoc tramine, quia Niger es,"
"Tibi non licet hic habitare, quia Iudaeus es,"
"Tibi non licet hic laborare, quia syndicalista es."
 
Itaque, Domine Praeses,
hoc unum opus magnum facere debemus,
quodst verberare Dominum Hitlerum, et cum rem conficiamus,
occupet umquam eius locum nemo
ad conculcandum genus humanum.
Ergo, quod cupio est te sclopetum mihi dare
ut nos properare et opus conficere possimus.

Reprehensores autem Songs for John Doe iam commemorant. Anno 1942, uno anno postquam album John Doe apparuerat (et statim evanescuerat), Ministerium Investigationum Foederale instituit Cantores Almanacs, nunc pro bello, nisum bellicum in periculum iam vocare quia dilectum everebat. Secundum diarium World Telegram (Novi Eboraci, 14 Februarii 1942), commentarius "The Poison in Our System," libellus a Carolo Friedrich anno 1941 editus, typis impressus et distributus est a Concilio pro Democratia, structura quam Friedrich et C. D. Jackson, vice praeses Time magazinae et principalis Henrici Luce adiutor, "ad pugnandos nazisticos, fascisticos, communisticos, pacifisticos[45] greges bellum reicientis in Civitatibus Foederatis condiderant.[46] ac conductoribus cantorum monstratus est, ne in emissionibus canere possent. Eodem tempore, recognitiones et gerrae in diariis Neoeboracensibus apparuerunt quandocumque propalam perfungebantur, unde grex ad ultimum dimitti debuit.[47]

 
Pete Seeger Alienoram Roosevelt (media parte) et alios oblectat, 1944. Photographema a Iosepho Horne pro Office of War Information, anno 1944 factum.[48]

Reprehensores praeterea sinceritatem sententiarum Seegeranarum contra bellum in dubium vocaverunt, et adeo suaserunt eum Germaniae Nazisticae favere, cum assererent sententiam Seegeranam contra bellum solum circa 1940 fuisse quia Unio Sovietica pactum pacis cum Germania Nazistica eo tempore habuit, et Seeger pro bello factus est solum cum primum Unio Sovietica oppugnata est. Hanc conclusionem defendunt per assertionem falsam album Dear Mr. President (nisum bellicum sustinens) brevi postquam Germania in Unionem Sovieticam (mense Iunio 1941) invaserat prolatum esse; album autem unum post annum prolatum est, mense Iunio 1942, sex menses post oppugnationem Iaponiensem in Portum Margaritarum et introitum Americanum in bellum.[49][50]

Seeger in Exercitu Civitatum Foederatarum in Theatro Pacifico meruit, mechanicus aeroplanorum opifex doctus; mox autem musica militum Americanorum oblectatio ei delegata est. Deinde, cum homines eum interrogarent quod bello fecisset, semper respondit, "banionem psalli." Militia finita, Seeger et alii rem People's Songs ('Carmina Hominum') condiderunt, organizationem per totam rem publicam "ad carmina laboris populique Americani creanda, promoveda, distribuenda" destinatam.[51][52] People's Songs, Seeger rectore, operam dedit petitioni praesidentiali anni 1948 Henrici A. Wallace, olim Ministri Agriculturae et Praesidis Vicarii Rooseveltiani, qui candidatus Factionis Progressivae praefecturam petiebat. Wallace autem, quamquam turbas immanentis per rem publicam attraxerat, solum in Urbe Novo Eboraco superavit, et, in furore contra communisticos insequente, vituperabatur ob auxilium acceptum communisticorum et convectorum sicut Seeger et cantor Paulus Robeson.[53]

Carmina Belli Civilis Hispanici recensere

Seeger viribus republicanis in Bello Civili Hispanico semper favit. Anno 1943, cum Thoma Glazer et Elizabetha et Baldwin Hawes, Songs of the Lincoln Battalion fecit, album orbium 78 per pittacium Stinson Moysi Asch prolatum. Quod comprehendit "There's a Valley in Spain called Jarama," "Viva la Quince Brigada," et alia carmina. Anno 1960, haec congeries a Moyse Asch iterum prolata est ut unum latus LP Folkways Songs of the Lincoln and International Brigades appellatum; in altero latere fuit editio congeriei Six Songs for Democracy, carminum legendariorum, primum Barcinonae anno 1938 impressorum, bombis iam cadentibus, ab Ernesto Busch et choro sodalium Cohortis Thälmannianae, qui ex Germania Nazistica effugerant, actorum. Carmina fuerunt "Moorsoldaten" ('Milites paludis', a captivis politics in castris carceralibus Germanis compositum), "Die Thaelmann-Kolonne," "Hans Beimler," "Das Lied Von Der Einheitsfront" ('Carmen primi agminis consociati' Ioannis Eisler et Bertoldi Brecht), "Der Internationalen Brigaden" ('Carmen legionis internationalis'), et "Los cuatro generales" ('Quattuor generales', Anglice 'The Four Insurgent Generals' appellatum).

Impressiones discophonicae gregum recensere

Seeger, a se tenor fissus[54] descriptus,[55] fuit unus ex conditoribus duorum gregum vulgarium magni momenti: Almanac Singers et Weavers. Almanac Singers, grex quem Seeger anno 1941 cum Millardo Lampell et Lee Hays, cantore et agitatore ex Arcansia condidit, fuit grex rerum usitatarum, ut diurnarium canens, motum unionizationis industrialis,[56] patientiam racialem et religiosam, aliasque causas progressivas promovens designatus. Cantores interdum fuerunt Woody Guthrie, Elizabetha Lomax Hawes, Sis Cunningham, Iosue White, et Samuel Gary. Seeger, viginti unum annos natu et cantor Almanac controversus, nomine scaenico Petri Bowers egit, ne publicam patris aestimationem violaret.

Anno 1950, Cantores Almanac nomine Weavers ('Textores') renovati sunt, ex ludo scaenico de operistitio operariorum (qui versus continuit "We'll stand it no more, come what may!") Gerhardi Hauptmann (1892) appellati. Praeter Petrum Seeger (suo nomine nunc agentem), sodales Weavers fuerunt Lee Hays, Ronalda Gilbert, et Fridericus Hellerman; deinde Franciscus Hamilton, Ericus Darling, et Bernardus Krause locum Seegeranum seriatim occupaverunt. Repertorium Weaveranum, per tempora furoris contra communisticos decenni 196, minus aperte litigiosum videndum est quam repertorium Cantorum Almanac fuerat, et eius significatio progressiva verbis indirectis ponebatur. Weavers aliquando tuxedos gerentes perfuncti sunt (Cantorum Almanac dissimiles, qui vestes familiares gesserant), et eorum curatores eos in locis politicis agere nolebant. Weaverana maiorum ictuum series coeperunt carmine "On Top of Old Smoky" et ordinatione carminis "Goodnight, Irene," valsae Lead Bellyanae insignis, quae in summis indicibus tredecim hebdomades anno 1950 stetit[57] et a multis aliis musicae popularis cantoribus deinde acta est. In verso phonodisci latere fuit "Tzena, Tzena, Tzena," carmen Israeliense. Alii successus Weaverani fuerunt "So Long, It's Been Good to Know You" (Woody Guthrie), "Kisses Sweeter Than Wine" (Hays, Seeger, et Lead Belly), et "Wimoweh," carmen Zuluense Africae Australis a Solomone Linda de Shaka rege compositum.

 
Trinio Kingstoniana, primi socii: David Guard, Robertus Shane, Nicholaus Reynolds (vere 1957).

Cursus publice perfungendi Weavers finem anno 1953 repente cepit, etiamsi grex populo gratissimi tum erat, cum stationes radiophonicae ob proscriptionem politicam eius discos non iam emitterent, omnesque eorum redemptiones cancellarentur. Cantores autem ad scaenam reviter redierunt, in comitum conventu in Aula Carnegiana anno 1955 omnibus tesseris venditis, et per iter comitum insequens, quod eorum prosperam versionem "Sixteen Tons," carminis Merle Travis, et discos LP earum perfunctionum in concentibus genuit. Seeger et Weavers "Kumbaya," spirituale Gullah ex annis servitutis, anno 1959 late introduxerunt, quod a exploratoribus puerilibus ad ignes castrenses et tum ab aliis hominibus temporibus remissivis mox canebatur.

Annis 1950 exeuntibus, Trinio Kingstoniana nata est ut rectus Weavers imitator, multa ex eorum carminibus comprehendens, sed more cohibitiore, minus controversa, et mediocri. Trinio Kingstoniana aliam ictuum musicorum seriem mirificam produxit, ac permultos imitatores vicissim genuit, fundamenta iciens commercialis redintegrationis vulgaris annorum 1960. Seeger in pellicula documentaria Pete Seeger: The Power of Song (2007) dixit se grege Weavers abdicavisse cum tres sodales certum jingle in praeconio sigarillorum canere instituerunt.

Banio et cithara duodecim chordarum recensere

 
Petrus Seeger et sua banio (1955).

Seeger anno 1948 primam editionem protulit How to Play the Five-String Banjo ('Quomodo banionem chordarum quinque psallere'), libri nunc eximii habiti, quem multi banioistae affirmant se rationem canendi docuisse. Seeger deinde banionem collis longi excogitavit, instrumentum postea banionem Seegeranam appellatum. Hoc instrumentum tribus fretulis banione usitata longius est, etiam cithara bassa aliquantulum longius, 25 fretulas habens, et "prorsum intonatum," tertia minore inferius quam usitata banio chordarum quinque. Haec banio chordarum quinque, adhuc solum in regione Appalachiana nota, per Civitates Foederatas egregium instrumentum vernaculare Americanum mox agnota est, plerumque quia Seeger id melius fecerat et promulgaverat. Secundum quemdam musicum in biographia a Davide King Dunaway citatum, "per chordam resonantem inter duas notas subtiles positam, notam melodicam et notam in chorda quinta concinentem,[58] Seeger traditionalem modum frailing Appalachianum extulit, "cui fuerant bracchium alacriter quasi malleo tundens et unguis ad caput banionis pulsans."[59][60] Quamquam res quam index Dunawayanus describit priscus "frailing" modus est, haec narratio significat Seeger eam turbae gratius fecisse, nonnullis ex eius multiplicibus omissis, sed propria qualitate rhythmica agente cum hoc modo consociata iam conservata.

Ex decennio 196, Seeger sibi concinuit cithara chordarum duodecim, instrumento in Mexico orto, quod cum Lead Belly tum consociabatur, musico qui se Rex Citharae Chordarum Duodecim appellari solebat. Distinctae autem citharae Seegeranae fuit foramen sonicum triquetrum. Seeger longam diagrammatis longitudinem (circa 28 unciae) et rationes capo quibus in banione favebat cum genere intonationis D demissi, binos tonos desuper intonato cum crassissimis chordis, quos pollice et picks digitalibus iciebat.[61]

Introductio patinae chalybis ad auditores Civitatum Foederatarum recensere

Anno 1956, Seeger ("Peter" in laudibus pelliculae) et Toshi uxor Portum Hispaniae in Trinitate iverunt, res de patina chalybis petentes. Quemdam Isaiah, ducem patinarii loci, petiverunt, pelliculasque de hoco novo rei publicae instrumento constructo, intonato, et canto fecerunt. Unicum patinae chalybis saporem in musica vulgari Americana comprehendere conabatur.

Aetas McCarthiana recensere

Decennium inter 1950 et 1960, et constanter quidem per vitam, Seeger iura civilia et laboris, paritatem rassorum, consensum internationalem, et pacifismum constanter suadebat (quarum rerum omnes expeditionis Wallaceanae propriae fuerant), et iam credebat carmina homines adiuvare posse ut ei hos fines attingant. Atrocia autem facinora Stalini resque novae Hungaricae anni 1956 probationem communismi sovietici magis atque magis ei adimebant. Factionem Communisticam Civitatum Foederatarum anno 1949 reliquerat, sed amicus mansit nonnullorum qui intra factionem manebant, quamquam de talibus rebus cum eis disputabat.[62][63]

Die 18 Augusti 1955, House Un-American Activities Committee Seeger in ius vocavit, quem testificari mandavit. Ipse, solus inter multos testatores post Decemviros Ruscisilvenses contemptus Congressus anno 1950 convictos et in vincula coniectos, sua iura sub Emendatione Quinta Constitutionis Civitatum Foederatarum invocare recusavit (quod asseruisset eius testimonium se criminari posse), et potius, sicut Decemviri Ruscisilvenses fecerant, eius societates personales et civiles nominare recusavit, dicens sic nominare sua iura sub Emendatione Prima sponsa violare:

Interrogationibus ullis de mea societate, de meis fidibus philosophicis vel religiosis, vel quomodo in ullis comitiis suffragium tulerim, vel de ullis ex his rebus privatas non respondebo. Puto ullum Americanum de his rebus quaerere indecorissimum esse, praecipue sic coactus.[64][65][66]

Quod Seeger interrogationibus respondere recusavit quae sua iura constitutionalia violaverunt ad libellum delationis contemptus Congress die 26 Martii 1957 duxit, nonnullosque annos, ei necesse erat auctoritatibus foederalibus dicere quo iret quandocumque a Districtu Meridiano Novi Eboraci discederet. Iudices eum contemptus Congressus Martio 1961 convicerunt, et eum spatiis singuli anni decem in carcere condamnaverunt (decem poenae simul subiri), sed Maio 1962 iudicium appellativum, delationem vitiosam fuisse decernens, convictionem vacuefecit.[67][68]

Anno 1960, collegium scholarum districtus Didacopolis ei dixit eum in concentu constituto in schola superiore perfungi non posse, nisi iusiurandum subscriberet quod fidem obligaret concentum ad notiones communisticas divulgandas vel rempublicam evertendam non adhiberi. Seeger recusavit, sed Unio Libertatum Civilium Americana ad interdictum contra districtum scholarum venit, sinens ut concentus fieret secundum schedulam. Paene quinquaginta annos post, mense Februario 2009, Districtus Scholarum Sancti Didaci se ei rite excusavit ob actiones decessorum.[69]

Redintegratio musicae vulgaris recensere

 
Ioanna Baez et Robertus Dylan in Itinere in Vasingtoniam (1963).
 
Petrus, Paulus, et Maria (annis 1960).

Ut quaestum faciant per tempus proscriptionis decenniis 196 exeuntibus et 197 ineuntibus, Seeger musicam in scholis et castris aestivis docebat, et collegia visitare solebat. Etiam usque ad quinque alba per annum pro societate Folkways Records Moysis Asch fecit. Cum motus exarmationis nuclearis eodem tempore fere cresceret, carmina Seegerana contra bellum, sicut "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?" (cum Iosepho Hickerson compositum), "Turn! Turn! Turn!" (ex Liber Ecclesiastes versum), et "The Bells of Rhymney" (ab Idre Davies, poeta Cambricus, anno 1957 factum),[70] notissima facta sunt. Seeger praeterea se cum motu iurum civilium arte coniunxit, annoque 1963 concentum insignem in Carnegie Hall ordinare iuvit, iuvenes Freedom Singers promovens, ut Scholae Vulgari Montanorum in Tennesia prodesset. Hic eventus et Iter in Vasingtoniam Martini Lutheri King, Augusto illius anni habitum, "We Shall Overcome," hymnum elatiorem motus iurum civilium, permultis auditoribus tulerunt. Translatio huius carminis, a Zilphia Horton relata, docente in illa schola, in Bulletin People's Songs, societatis Seegeranae, anno 1947 prolata erat.

Seeger eo tempore maiores in redintegratione vulgari partes egebat, motu Greenwich Village in vico decennio 197 condito, cum diuturnus columnarum scriptor in Sing Out! (People's Songs Bulletin successor) conditorque Broadside, magazinae rerum aequaevarum, esset. Ut novos cantatores vulgares rebus politicis dicatos describere possit, locutionem liberi Woodyani (Anglice 'Woody's children') finxit, Woody Guthrie attingens, eius socium et comitem viarium, qui ante hoc tempus quasi persona fabulosus factus erat. Hic motus urbanus et redintegratio vulgaris, reapse traditio agitationis annorum 1930 et 1940 et libri People's Songs continuata, accommodationes melodiarum et verborum consuetudinariorum ad mutationem socialem efficiendam, usus qui commemorat Little Red Song Book, librum a Iosepho Hill (1879–1915), opificorum opificum auctore in Suecia nato, pro Industrial Workers of the World[71] compilatum. Qui liber fuerat deliciae Woody Guthrie, qui secum tenere solebat.

Seeger per Australiam anno 1963 peregrinabatur. Carmen "Little Boxes" ('Capsae parvae'), eius singulus a Malvina Reynolds compositus, fuit primus in summo quadraginta, indice Australiano. Illud iter per Australiam furorem vulgarem initiavit, cum musica vulgi iudicia, post assassinationem Kennedyanam, inter musicam vulgarem, musicam lapsus, et sonitum rockianum Britannicum qui Beatles et The Rolling Stones introduxerat alternarent. Sodalitates vulgares omnem per rempublicam subito creverunt, actores vulgares in locis constitutis accipiebantur, actoresque Australiani carmina vulgaria Australiana canentes, quorum multa composuerant ipsi, in concentibus et festis, in televisione, et in discis auditoriis consurgebant, et musici peregrini quoque itinera per Australiam facere incipiebant.

Magna proscriptio televisifica mediis annis 1960 decrescebat, cum Seeger hospes esset Rainbow Quest, spectaculi televisifici quod musicam vulgarem et educationalem constanter emittebat. Inter hospitibus erant Ioannes Cash, Iunia Carter, Reverendus Gary Davis, Ioannes Hurt Mississippiensis, Doctor Watson, Fratres Stanley, Elizabetha Cotten, Patricius Sky, Buffy Sainte-Marie, Thomas Paxton, Iuditha Collins, Donovan, Ricardus et Mimi Fariña, Sonny Terry et Brownie McGhee, Mamou Cajun Band, Berenicia Johnson Reagon, Familia Beers, Roscoe Holcomb, Malvina Reynolds, et Ioannes Phillips. Programmata triginta novem, quoque unam horam durante, in officinis WNJU Novarci Novae Caesareae annis 1965 et 1966, a Seeger et Toshi uxore, cum Sholom Rubinstein, producta sunt. Fratres Smothers proscriptionem nationalem finivit cum eum et carmen "Waist Deep in the Big Muddy" in eorum spectaculo varietatum in rete CBS die 25 Februarii 1968 emisserunt, quamquam eius perfunctio similis, mense Septembri 1967 data, a CBS vetata fuerat.[72]

Mense Novembri 1976, Seeger "Delbert Tibbs" composuit et per machinam phonographice impressit, carmen contra poenam capitalem dicatum, de eponymo ordinis mortis inquilino qui tandem facinoris absolutus fuerit. Seeger musicam composuit et verba ex poematibus a Tibbs scriptis elegit.[73] Seeger etiam Motui Castrorum Positorum Iudaico favebat: Surprise Lake Camp, castra aestiva Iudaica Cold Spring in vico Novi Eboraci aestate saepe visitabat,[74] ubi canebat et permultos pueros castrenses inspirabat.[75]

Petrus Seeger et Robertus Dylan recensere

 
Robertus Dylan Novembri 1963.

Petrus Seeger fuit unus ex primis musicis claris qui Roberto Dylan favebant, atque Ioanni Hammond suasit ut primum LP Dylanum pro Columbia Records produceret et ut eum invitaret ad canendum in Festo Vulgari Portus Novi, cuius Seeger fuit sodalis collegii administrativi.[76] Late tradebatur fabula Seeger, tam commotum de sono maxime amplificato quem Dylan, a sodalibus Butterfield Blues Band adiutus, ad Newport Folk Festival anni 1965 attulerat, apparatum disiunctum gregi minabatum esse. Sunt variae famae de eventu, quarum nonnullae sunt commenticiae.

Quod certe scitur est anxietates de horario acroamatum et aliis rebus crevisse inter Albertum Grossman (curatorem Dylanianum) et sodales collegii (qui praeter Seeger erant Theodorus Bikel, Brussus Jackson, Alanus Lomax, Petrus Yarrow magister caerimoniarum festivarum, et Georgius Wein). Biduum antea, Grossman et Lomax revera rixati erant, plagasque inter se breviter tulerant; unde collegium, in discrimine sedens, suffragium tulerat ut Grossman a campis eiciretur, sed rem iudicatam resciderat cum Georgius Wein indicaret Grossman Odettam et Petrum, Paulum, et Mariam, res illecebrosas populi gratissimas, curare.[77] Butterfield Blues Band, novus grex electricus phyletice mixtus, Sicagi fundatus, fuerit ultimus grex in postmeridiana officina blues nomine "Blues: Origins and Offshoots," a Lomax curata, quae Gulielmum Dixon, Son House, Slim Memphidos, musicos Afroamericanos magni momenti, et gregem operariorum carcerariorum ex Texia, cum Gulielmo Monroe et Bluegrass Boys, comprehenderat.

Traditur Lomax, commotus quia grex Butterfieldianus in eius officina insertus erat, questus esse de tempore perdito cum eorum apparatum electricum statuerent, eosque introduxisse verbis, "Nunc tandem, inveniamus num isti omnino canere possint."[78] Quod Grossman exasperavit (novum gregem curare volentem), et ille respondens vim Lomax intulit. Michael Bloomfield dixit, "Alan Lomax, magnus folklorista et musicologus, quandam introductionem nobis dedit, quam non audivi etiam ego, sed Albertus moleste tulit. Et Albertus eius capiti offendit. Deinde, medio quidem spectaculo, Lomax et Grossman in pavimento luctabantur, inter milia hominum in Festo Vulgari Portus Novi, vestimenta inter se scindentes. Distrahendi fuerunt. Putabamus, 'Albertum, hui, ecce tandem curatorem!'"[79] Seeger depictus est homo priscus vulgaris qui erat unus ex adversariis Dylan "electrice ientis."[80] sed de sua oppositione modi electrici, anno 2001 interrogatus, dixit:

Verba intellegere non poteram. Verba audire volebam. Magnum fuit carmen, "Maggie's Farm," et soni distorquebantur. Accurri ad istum qui apparatum electronicum curabat, et clamavi, "Refice sonos ut verba audire potes." Reclamavit, "Hic est modus quem malunt." Dixi, "Mehercle! Si securem habuerim, rudentem nunciam secarem." Sed culpa fuit mea. Ego magister caerimoniarum ad partem multitudinis quae Roberto obstrepuerat dicere poterat, "Howlin' Wolf heri non obstrepuistis. Erat autem electricus!" Quamquam Dylan acusticum audire iam malo, nonnulla ex eius carminibus electricis sunt grandes per se. Musica electrica est res vernacula dimidii alterius saeculi vicensimi, si antiquo patris vocabulo utar.[81][82]

Aetas Belli Vietnamiensis recensere

Seeger, cursui armorum et Bello Vietnamiensi diutissime adversans, per saturam Praesidem Lyndon Johnson anno 1966 in albo Dangerous Songs!? petiit per perfunctionem "Beans in My Ears," carminis puerilis a Leonardo Chandler compositi. Verba Seegerana arguerunt Alby, filiolum cuiusdam Dominae Jay,[83] "fabas in auribus" habere—quod, ut alia verba carminis probant,[84] hominem audire quod dicatur nequire significat. Pro adversariis Belli Indosinensis II, vis huius locutionis est "Alby Jay" (laxam pronuntiationem "LBJ," nominis per ludibrium praesidi dati) obtestationes belli non auscultare quia ipse quoque "fabas in auribus" habebat.

Seeger magis innotuit ex 1967 carmine "Waist Deep in the Big Muddy," de quodam centurione—verbis "the big fool" ('stultissimo', vel etiam 'cucurbita') appellato—qui, cum manipulum per decursum in Ludoviciana tempore Belli Orbis Terrarum II duceret, summersus erat. Contra argumenta administratorum CBS, canalis televisifici, de convenientia carminis oblectamento usitate hilarae "Horae Comicae Fratrum Smothers,"[85] versus ultimi fuerunt "Every time I read the paper / those old feelings come on / We are waist deep in the Big Muddy, / and the big fool says to push on." Haec versus intellegi poterant allegoria praesidis Johnson stultissimi et Bellum Vietnamiense periculum quod provideri potuerat. Opus, quamquam spectaculum Septembris 1967 id insigniter[86] omisit,[87] emissum est cum Seeger iterum in programmate Fratrum Smothers Ianuario sequente appareret.[88]

Per Moratorium ad Bellum in Vietnamia Finiendum Vasingtoniae, die 15 Novembris 1969 habitum, Seeger, cum pompa iuxta Aedes Albas conveneret, cum 500 000 obtestatorum "Give Peace a Chance," carmen Ioannis Lennon, duxit. Vox Seegerana concursum penetravit, locutiones immiscens inter quas "Auscultasne, Nixon?"[89] inter choros obtestatorum, qui "Quantum dicimus . . . est 'potestatem paci fac'" identidem canebant.[90][91]

A Woody Guthrie motus, cuius cithara "This machine kills fascists" ('Haec machina fascistas tollit') appellabatur, banio Seegeranus sententia "This Machine Surrounds Hate and Forces It to Surrender" ('Haec machina odium cingit et id in dicionem redigit') notatus est.[92] Seeger in The Power of Song ('Potestas cantus'), pellicula documentaria, enarrat se et familiam Vietnamiam Septentrionalem anno 1972 visitavisse.[93]

Clearwater recensere

Seeger se in Sloop Clearwater studiose implicavit, societate pro circumiectis quam ipse anno 1966 cum aliis fundavit. Quae ex eo tempore pollutionem in Flumine Hudsoniano propalam reprehendit et purgare conatur. Seeger ad hunc conatum promovendum "That Lonesome Valley" anno 1969 composuit et cecinit, carmen de flumine, tum pollutione laesum, ac musici eius gregis carmina Clearwater commemorantia composuerunt et cecinerunt. Sloop Clearwater ('Aqua limpida'), alia illius conatus pars, anno 1969 deductum est, cum a Cenomannica ad South Street Seaport Museum Novi Eboraci, inde ad Flumen Hudsonianum navigaret.[94] Inter nautas primos fuit Donaldus McLean, qui librum Songs and Sketches of the First Clearwater Crew deinde coediderit, adumbrationibus Thomae B. Allen ornatum, pro quo Seeger praefationem scripserit.[95] Seeger et McLean carmen "Shenandoah" in albo Clearwater (1974) una cecinerunt. Hoc sloop flumen iam assidue navigat hodie, a nautis gratuitis et professionalibus exercitum, imprimis rationes educationis de circumiectis naturalibus pro gregibus scholasticis praebentibus. Festum Clearwater est festum musicum biduo habitum in ripis Hudsonianis ad Viridarium Promontorii Crotonensis constitutum. Hoc festum ex primis concentibus a Seeger amicisque ordinatis ortum est ut ei pecuniam expedirent ad constructam navem solvendam.

Clearwater, navis velifera 106 pedes longa, ad eruditionem de circumiectis naturalibus in scientia conditam praebendam constructa est. Cui proposito sunt rationes educationis cum multis collegiis et aliis institutionibus, inter quae SUNY New Paltz et Universitas Pace. Navis agnoscitur propter partes quas in motu environmentali agit. Festum Clearwater incolas Vallis Hudsonianae musicam audiendam, eorum hereditatem culturalem tenendam, et causam sustinendam trahit.[96] Iuditha A. Enck, administer regionalis Procurationis Tutelarum Circumiectus, post mortem Seegeranum dixit: "opus incredibile" Seegeranum et societatis Clearwater Flumen Hudsonianum purgare adiuvit. "Eius ductus erat eximius," ad United Press International Enck dixit.[97]

De communismo Sovietico adiuto recensere

Anno 1982, Seeger in concentu egit ut motui repugnantiae Solidaritatis in Polonia prodesset. David King Dunaway biographus habet hoc primam manifestationem publicam esse diuturnae improbationis Seegeranae communismi forma Sovietica effecti.[98] Decennio 199 exeunte, Seeger improbationem rerum novarum violentarum affirmabat, allocutori in colloquio interrogatorio dicens se revera mutationi paulatim effectae favere, et "res novas diutinissimas per tempus fieri."[99][98] In autobiographia Where Have All the Flowers Gone (1993, 1997, reimpresso 2009), Seeger scripsit, "Debeo me excusare pro his rebus omnibus? Debeo."[100] Historicum explanavit contextum:

Quomodo poterat inhiberi Hitlerus? Litvinov, legatus Sovieticus ad Confoederationem Nationum missus, anno 1936 separationem per totum orbem terrarum proposuit, sed omnes dissentierunt. Pro pluribus de illis temporibus, vide librum From Yale to Jail. . . . Davidis Dellinger pacifistae.[101][102] Utique, varias res hodie excuso, sicut fides in Stalinum tantum "agitatorem durum," non "crudelissimum seductionis auctorem." Conicio aliquem qui se Christianum appellet promptum esse debere ad inquisitionem, haereticos a Protestantibus crematos, Iudaeos et Musulmanos a militibus expeditionum sacrarum trucidatos excusandos. Albicolores in Civitatibus Foederatis terram Indis Americanis surreptam et nigricolores in servitutem redactos excusare debent. Europaei se propter victorias per orbem terrarum patentes, Mongoli se propter Cingischam excusare possunt. Et fautores Rooseveltiani se excusare possunt propter eius subsidium Somozae, civium Democraticorum albicolorum, Hispaniae Francoisticae, propter Americanos Iaponienses in castris carceralibus coniectos. Cui Moraya neptis se excusare debet? Quae est partim Africana, partim Europaea, partim Sinica, partim Iaponiensis, partim Americana Indigena. Prospiciamus![103][104][105]

In interrogatorio autem colloquio anno 1995 habito, certum erat sibi "me communistam iam appellare, quia communismus non plus est quod Russia dixit quam Christianitas est quod ecclesiae dicunt."[106] Annis recentioribus, cum Seeger senex praemia et agnitionem eius activismi per suam vitam totam accipere coeperet, reipublicae status conservandi studiosi eum ob opiniones et societates hendebant annorum 1930 et 1940 iterum reprehendebant. Anno 2006, quidam David Boaz—commentator Vocis Americae et NPR, praesesque Instituti Catonis, societatis libertarianae—rem opinabilem edidit in The Guardian, titulo "Stalin's Songbird," in quo The New Yorker et The New York Times ob Seeger laudatum vehementer reprehendit. Seeger ipsum appellavit "aliquem qui praescripta factionis sequi diu solebat,"[107] ac factionem solum "aliquando"[108] reliquit. Huic opinioni favens, versus in Songs for John Doe gregis Almanac Singers (Maio 1941) revocavit, eos obscure comparans cum versibus bellum suadentibus ex Dear Mr. President, carmine anno 1942 divulgato, postquam Civitates Foederatae Unioque Sovietica bellum denuntiaverunt.[109][110]

Anno 2007, Seeger, iudicio respondens Ronaldi Radosh historici, olim Trotskyitae et Seegerani discipuli in banione, qui nunc pro National Review periodico conservativo scribit, "Big Joe Blues," carmen Stalin damnans composuit:[111] "I'm singing about old Joe, cruel Joe. / He ruled with an iron hand. / He put an end to the dreams / Of so many in every land. / He had a chance to make / A brand new start for the human race. / Instead he set it back / Right in the same nasty place. / I got the Big Joe Blues. / Keep your mouth shut or you will die fast. / I got the Big Joe Blues. / Do this job, no questions asked. / I got the Big Joe Blues."[112]

Ultimi dies et obitus recensere

 
Pete Seeger (dextra), 88 annos natus, Martio 2008 cum Eduardo Renehan, amico, scriptore, musico, photographatus.

Obiit Seeger die 27 Ianuarii 2014 anno aetatis suae 94, postridie quam Praemia Grammophonica Annua Quinquagensima Sexta. Secundum Kitama Cahill-Jackson nepotem, Seeger dormiens circa 9:30 p.m. obiit tranquille in Valetudinario Neoeboracensi-Presbyteriano Novi Eboraci, ubi sex dies fuerat, cognatis toro extremo assidentibus. Cahill-Jackson dixit Seeger iam fuisse impigrum ut solebat, decem dies ante mortem dolabra caedebat.

Anno 2010, Seeger cum Lorre Wyatt composuit et perfunctus est God's Counting on Me, God's Counting on You carmen quod sententiam de Deepwater Horizon oil spill dixit.[113]

Die 21 Octobris 2011, anno aetatis suae 92, Petrus Seeger interfuit pompae solidaritatis cum Occupy Wall Street ad Circulum Columbi Novi Eboraci.[114] Pompa coepit cum Seeger et alii musici de Symphony Space (Via 95 et Broadway) discederent, ubi in beneficio pro societate Clearwater egerant. Milia hominum circa Seeger congregati sunt antequam ad Circulum Columbi pervenierunt, ubi carmina cum Tao Rodriguez-Seeger nepote, Arlo Guthrie, Davide Amram, et aliis musicis notissimis perfunctus est.[115] Res, nomine #OccupyTheCircle promota, per rationem LiveStream emissa est, a nonnullis "The Pete Seeger March" ('Pompa Petri Seeger') appellata.

 
Seeger aspicit dum caerimonia navis Clearwater in novum portum hiemalem Kingston in urbe Novi Eboraci die 15 Septembris 2012 tollendi finem capit.[116]

Die 4 Decembris 2012, Seeger cum Harrio Belafonte, Jackson Browne, Common, et aliis concentum egit ad discrimen annorum triginta septem divulgandum Leonardi Peltier, agitatoris Indi Americani. Concentus in Theatro Beacon Novi Eborati habitus est.[117]

Hachette Audio Books librum phonicum Pete Seeger: The Storm King; Stories, Narratives, Poems inscriptus die 9 Aprilis 2013 protulit. Hoc opus, quod in binis CD consistit, excogitatum et productum est a Jeff Haynes, percussionista noto, atque vocem Seeger fabulas suae vitae narrantis praebet, cum musica a plus quam quadgraginta musicis variorum generum peritis acta.[118] Patefactio libri phonici in museo Dia:Beacon die 11 Aprilis 2013 habita est, spectatoribus studiosis, circa duo centum homines, multosque musicos ex proposito expressit (inter quos fuerunt Samite, Dar Williams, Dave Eggar cum Horse Flies, Ricardi Stearns grege, ac Natalia Merchant), qui vivi egerunt sub Jeff Haynes, productore et percussionista, recti.[119] Die 15 Aprilis 2013, Sirius XM Book Radio concentum Beaconianum ut praecipuum spectaculi "Cover to Cover Live with Maggie Linton and Kim Alexander" episodium praebuit, "Pete Seeger:The Storm King and Friends" appellatum.

Seeger die 9 Augusti 2013, uno mense viduus, Urbem Novum Eboracum pro commemoratione quadringentesima Foederis Duarum Serierum Wampum inter Iroquesias et Nederlandicos visitabat. In colloqui illo die cum "Democracy Now!" habito, Seeger cecinit "I Come and Stand at Every Door" quia dies fuit aniversarius sexagesimus octavus Nagasacii bomba nucleari verberati.[120][121]

Die 21 Septembris 2013, Petrus in Farm Aid in Saratoga Performing Arts Center in Saratoga Springs, Novi Eboraci egit. Cum Willie Nelson, Neil Young, Ioanne Mellencamp, et Davide Matthews, cecinit "This Land Is Your Land,"[122] et versum comprehendit quem dixit se diserte pro concentu Farm Aid composuisse.

Obitui responsa cito facta sunt. Praeses Baracus Obama dixit Seeger furcam intonationis Americae fuisse,[123] qui "potestatem carminis" ad mutationem socialem efficiendam libenter recepit: "Petrus multos annos voce et malleo usus est ad promovenda iura operariorum, iura civilia, pacem mundi, et conservationem circumiectorum, ac nos semper invitare solebat ut secum caneremus. Quoniam nos originum nostrarum commonefecit, et quo ire debemus monstravit, Petro Seeger grati semper erimus."[124][125] Gulielmus Bragg, cantor vulgaris et activista, scripsit: "Pete credebat musicam referre posse. Mundum non mutare, quod numquam affirmavit—olim dixit si musica mundum mutare possit, solum musicam faceret—sed credidit musicam, quamquam actionem non poterat, facultatem multo referre habuisse."[126][127] Brussus Springsteen, antequam "We Shall Overcome" peregit cum iter in Africa Australi faceret, dixit: "Amisi proxima nocte summum amicum et magnum heroem, Petrum Seeger."[128][129]

Discographia selecta recensere

Release date Album title Record label
1954 The Pete Seeger Sampler Folkways Records
1954 How to Play a 5-String Banjo (instruction) Folkways Records
1955 Bantu Choral Folk Songs Folkways Records
1955 The Folksinger's Guitar Guide (Instruction) Folkways Records
1955 Birds, Beasts, Bugs and Little Fishes & Birds, Beasts, Bugs and Bigger Fishes (for Children) Folkways Records
1956 Love Songs for Friends and Foes Folkways Records
1956 With Voices Together We Sing Folkways Records
1957 American Ballads Folkways Records
1958 Gazette, Vol. 1 Folkways Records
1959 American Play Parties Folkways Records
1960 Champlain Valley Songs Folkways Records
1960 At The Village Gate Folkways Records
1961 Story Songs Columbia Records
1962 12-String Guitar as Played by Lead Belly Folkways Records
1963 We Shall Overcome Columbia Records
1964 Broadsides – Songs and Ballads Folkways Records
1964 Songs of Struggle and Protest, 1930–50 Folkways Records
1966 God Bless the Grass Columbia Records
1966 Dangerous Songs!? Columbia Records
1967 Waist Deep In The Big Muddy And Other Love Songs Columbia Records
1968 Wimoweh and Other Songs of Freedom and Protest Folkways Records
1973 Rainbow Race Columbia Records
1974 Banks of Marble and Other Songs Folkways Records
1979 Circles & Seasons Warner Bros. Records
1980 God Bless the Grass Folkways Records
1989 Traditional Christmas Carols Smithsonian Folkways
1990 American Folk Songs for Children Smithsonian Folkways
1990 Folk Songs for Young People Smithsonian Folkways
1991 Abiyoyo and Other Story Songs for Children Smithsonian Folkways
1992 American Industrial Ballads (Reissue of 1956 album) Smithsonian Folkways
1993 Darling Corey/Goofing-Off Suite Smithsonian Folkways
1996 Pete Living Music Records
1998 Birds, Beasts, Bugs and Fishes (Little and Big) Smithsonian Folkways
1998 If I Had a Hammer: Songs of Hope and Struggle Smithsonian Folkways
1998 Headlines and Footnotes: A Collection of Topical Songs Smithsonian Folkways
2000 American Folk, Game and Activity Songs Smithsonian Folkways
2002 American Favorite Ballads, Vol. 1 Smithsonian Folkways
2003 American Favorite Ballads, Vol. 2 Smithsonian Folkways
2004 American Favorite Ballads, Vol. 3 Smithsonian Folkways
2006 American Favorite Ballads, Vol. 4 Smithsonian Folkways
2007 American Favorite Ballads, Vol. 5 Smithsonian Folkways
2008 At 89 Appleseed Recordings
2009 Pete Seeger at Bard College
credited to "Ono Okoy and the Banshees", a student performance art group dedicated to "preserving the footsteps of Pete Seeger" by singing folk music and recording his footsteps.
Appleseed Recordings
2009 American Favorite Ballads, The Complete Collection Vol. 1–5 Smithsonian Folkways
2010 Tomorrow's Children
(Pete Seeger and the Rivertown Kids and Friends)
Appleseed Recordings
2012 The Complete Bowdoin College Concert 1960 Smithsonian Folkways
2012 A More Perfect Union[130] Appleseed Recordings
2012 Pete Remembers Woody Appleseed Recordings
2013 The Storm King – Stories, Narratives, Poems Hachette Original

[131][132]

Alba phonographica et carmina tributaria recensere

Inter annos 1960 et 1970, Harrius Chapin carmen "Old Folkie" ('Vetus vir vulgaris'), Petro Seeger dicatum, protulit.

Anno 1998, Appleseed Records Where Have All the Flowers Gone: The Songs of Pete Seeger, album tributarium binis CD praeditum, divulgavit, quod lectiones a Studs Terkel factas et carmina comprehendit Gulielmi Bragg, Jackson Browne, Elizabethae Carthy, Iudithae Collins, Brussi Cockburn, Donovan, Ani DiFranco, Ricardi Gaughan, Nanci Griffith, Ricardi Havens, Indigo Girls, Rogerii McGuinn, Holly Near, Odettae, Thomae Paxton, Bonnie Raitt, Martini Simpson, Brussi Springsteen, et aliorum.

Anno 2001, Appleseed Records album If I Had a Song: The Songs of Pete Seeger, Vol. 2 divulgavit.

Anno 2003, Appleseed Records Seeds: The Songs of Pete Seeger, Volume 3 CD duplicem divulgavit, copiam ultimam in eius trilogia editionum quae musicam Seegeranam celebrant.

Mense Aprili 2006, Brussus Springsteen We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions album phonographicum protulit, carmina vulgaria cum corpore Seegerano consociatorum exprimens (quod autem nulla carmina a Seeger re vera composita continuit). Springsteen et sui etiam concursus omnibus tesseris venditis in serie concentuum in illis sessionibus condita in itinere oblectaverunt. "We Shall Overcome," normam Seegeranam, in albo Where Have All the Flowers Gone antehac peregerat.

Tributa recensere

Arbitria et praemia recensere

Seeger multa arbitria et agnitiones per eius cursum, praecipue senex, accepit, inter quae:

Notae recensere

  1. Etiam a Ioanna Baez multisque cantoribus-agitatoribus aliis in orbibus phonographicis relatum.
  2. E. P. Clapp, [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/peter-dreier/honor-pete-seeger_b_1883818.html "Honor Pete Seeger," The Huffington Post, 14 Septembris 2013.
  3. Anglice: "enormously Christian, in the Puritan, Calvinist New England tradition."
  4. Dunaway 2008:17.
  5. Pescatello 1992:4–5.
  6. Dunaway 2008:20.
  7. Secundum Dunaway, praeses universitatis, in Britannia natus eum "paene amovit' (2008:26).
  8. Pescatello 1992:83–85.
  9. Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, 32. Franciscus Damrosch, cum Constantia congruens, Carolum amovit. Vide Judith Tick, Ruth Crawford Seeger: a Composer's Search for American Music (Oxford University Press, 1997), 224–225.
  10. Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, 22, 24.
  11. Winkler (2009), 4.
  12. Judith Tick, Ruth Crawford Seeger: a Composer's Search for American Music (1997).
  13. "David Lewis, ''Ruth Crawford Seeger Biography in 600 Words'' on website of her daughter, Peggy Seeger". Peggyseeger.com. 14 Februarii 2005 .
  14. "John Seeger Dies at 95". WordPress.com. 18 Ianuarii 2010 .
  15. 15.0 15.1 Douglas Martin (12 Iulii 2013). "Toshi Seeger, Wife of Folk-Singing Legend, Dies at 91". The New York Times .
  16. Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, p. 131.
  17. Anglice: "I feel most spiritual when I’m out in the woods. I feel part of nature. Or looking up at the stars. [I used to say] I was an atheist. Now I say, it’s all according to your definition of God. According to my definition of God, I’m not an atheist. Because I think God is everything. Whenever I open my eyes I’m looking at God. Whenever I’m listening to something I’m listening to God."
  18. Wendy Schuman. "Pete Seeger's Session". Beliefnet, Inc. .
  19. https://web.archive.org/web/20140702144833/http://www.uua.org/beliefs/history/6186.shtml "Renowned folk singer and activist Pete Seeger (1919– ) is a longtime Unitarian Universalist." Situs publicus ecclesiae.
  20. Wilkinson, The Protest Singer 2006:47–48.
  21. Jon Pareles, "Pete Seeger, Songwriter and Champion of Folk Music, Dies at 94," The New York Times, 28 Ianuarii 2014.
  22. Wilkinson, "The Protest Singer" (2006) p. 50 and Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, p. 32.
  23. Alec Wilkinson, The Protest Singer: An Intimate Portrait of Pete Seeger (Novi Eboraci: Knopf, 2009), p. 43.
  24. Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, 48–49.
  25. Anglice: "watched square-dance teams from Bear Wallow, Happy Hollow, Cane Creek, Spooks Branch, Cheoah Valley, Bull Creek, and Soco Gap; heard the five-string banjo player Samantha Bumgarner; and family string bands, including a group of Indians from the Cherokee reservation who played string instruments and sang ballads. They wandered among the crowds who camped out at the edge of the field, hearing music being made there as well. As Lunsford's daughter would later recall, those country people 'held the riches that Dad had discovered. They could sing, fiddle, pick the banjos, and guitars with traditional grace and style found nowhere else but deep in the mountains. I can still hear those haunting melodies drift over the ball park.'"
  26. 26.0 26.1 Judith Tick, Ruth Crawford Seeger, p. 239.
  27. Judith Tick, Ruth Crawford Seeger, p. 235. Secundum Ioannem Szwed, Jackson Pollock, qui deinde picturis destillatis innotuit, harmonica lusit, violina frustra confracta. Vide Alan Lomax: The Man Who Recorded the World (Viking, 2010), 88.
  28. Secundum Wilkinson, The Protest Singer (2006), p. 51, postquam una ex probationibus hiemalibus cecidit et pecunia defecit.
  29. Anglice: "inspired by rural education campaigns of post-revolutionary Mexico."
  30. Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, 61–63.
  31. Anglice: "During the entire trip the group never ate once in a restaurant. They slept out at night under the stars and cooked their own meals in the open, very often they were the guests of farmers. At rural affairs and union meetings, the farm women would bring 'suppers' and would vie with each other to see who could feed the troupe most, and after the affair the farmers would have earnest discussions about who would have the honor of taking them home for the night. ¶ 'They fed us too well,' the girls reported. 'And we could live the entire winter just by taking advantage of all the offers to spend a week on the farm.' ¶ 'In the farmers' homes they talked about politics and the farmers’ problems, about antisemitism and Unionism, about war and peace and social security—'and always,' the puppeteers report, 'the farmers wanted to know what can be done to create a stronger unity between themselves and city workers. They felt the need of this more strongly than ever before, and the support of the CIO in their milk strike has given them a new understanding and a new respect for the power that lies in solidarity. One summer has convinced us that a minimum of organized effort on the part of city organizations—unions, consumers’ bodies, the American Labor Party and similar groups—can not only reach the farmers but weld them into a pretty solid front with city folks that will be one of the best guarantees for progress.'"
  32. Lawrence Emery, "Interesting Summer: Young Puppeteers in Unique Tour of Rural Areas," commentarius in situs Petri Seeger positus.
  33. "List of American Folk Music on Commercial Recordings," insequens paginarum 22 index mimeographatus, anno 1940 divulgarus, et a Lomax academicis eruditionis vulgaris eruditis datus, fundamenta celebris Harrii Smith Anthology of American Folk Music a Folkways Records factus est. Seeger opus simile pro Lomax in societate Decca circa 1959 fecit.
  34. Folk Songs in the White House, Time, 3 Martii 1941.
  35. Deinde dixit "Innocently I became a member of the Communist Party, and when they said fight for peace, I did, and when they said fight Hitler, I did. I got out in ’49, though. . . . I should have left much earlier. It was stupid of me not to. My father had got out in ’38, when he read the testimony of the trials in Moscow, and he could tell they were forced confessions. We never talked about it, though, and I didn’t examine closely enough what was going on. . . . I thought Stalin was the brave secretary Stalin, and had no idea how cruel a leader he was." Wilkinson, "The Protest Singer" (2006), p. 52; vide etiam The Protest Singer: An Intimate Portrait (2009), p. 114.
  36. Anglice: "It wouldn't be much thrill to die for Du Pont in Brazil."
  37. Dallek 1995:180.
  38. Anglice: "Franklin Roosevelt is leading an unwilling people into a J. P. Morgan war."
  39. Anglice: "strictly subversive and illegal."
  40. Anglice: "whether Communist or Nazi financed."
  41. Anglice: "a matter for the attorney general."
  42. "The Poison in Our System" (locus ex Atlantic Monthly) a Carolus Joachim Friedrich.
  43. Recognitio Friedrichana finivit: "The three records sell for one dollar and you are asked to ‘play them in your home, play them in your union hall, take them back to your people.’ Probably some of these songs fall under the criminal provisions of the Selective Service Act, and to that extent it is a matter for the Attorney-General. But you never can handle situations of this kind democratically by mere suppression. Unless civic groups and individuals will make a determined effort to counteract such appeals by equally effective methods, democratic morale will decline." Bello a Civitatibus Foederatis denuntiato, Friedrich anno 1942 factus praeses Consilii ad Administrationem Pertinentis Concilii pro Democratia, cum isolationismo pugnare iussus, ac fecit ut suus commentarius de Almanac Singers iterum typis imprimeretur, unus ex nonnullis libellorum quos ad administratoribus operum reticulatorum radiophonicorum misit.
  44. Pauca exemplaria in manibus collectorum privatorum manere possunt. Almanac Singers accusati sunt—illo tempore et in historiis sequentibus—de habitibus inversis cum novis Factionis Communistae edictis responderent, sed "Seeger indicavit paene omnes progressivos iter flexisse et bellum sustinuisse. Certum est ei neminem, aut in Factione Communistica aut aliter, Almanac Singers iussisse ut ei eorum carmina mutarent."—Seeger, conloquium cum [Richard A.] Reuss 4 Septembris 1968), citatus in William G. Roy, "Who Shall Not Be Moved? Folk Music, Community and Race in the American The Communist Party and the Highlander School," p. 16.
  45. Anglice: "to combat all the nazi, fascist, communist, pacifist."
  46. Blanche Wiessen Cook, Eisenhower Declassified (Doubleday, 1981), 122. "The Council was a limited affair," scripsit Cook, "that served mostly to highlight Jackson's talents as a propagandist."
  47. Vide "Singers on New Morale Show Also Warbled for Communists," New York World Telegram, 17 Februarii 1942.
  48. Washington Post, 12 Februarii 1944: "The Labor Canteen, sponsored by the United Federal Workers of America, CIO, will be opened at 8 p.m. tomorrow at 1212 18th st. nw. Mrs. Roosevelt is expected to attend at 8:30 p.m."
  49. Vide "Totalitarian Troubadour" a Ioanne Fund scriptus in National Review Online, 29 Ianuarii 2014: "Just one month after the album was released, Hitler invaded the Soviet Union. The album was quickly withdrawn from circulation, and Seeger and his buddies immediately did a 180-degree turn and came up with new songs."
  50. Vide " Pete Seeger, Troubedour for Tyranny, is Dead at 94," Yahoo Voices, Marci Whittington, 29 Ianuarii 2014. Whittington scribit: "Seeger was a supporter of some of the worst mass murderers of the 20th Century. As a Communist Party member in the 1940s he was a supporter of Adolf Hitler after the Nazi/Soviet Nonaggression Pact, even going so far as to pillory Franklin Roosevelt in song for opposing Nazi Germany up until the very day Hitler invaded Russia. Then he changed his tune, as it were, without missing a beat and became a supporter of war against Germany, obedient to the dictates of the Communist Party.”
  51. Anglice: "Create, promote and distribute songs of labor and the American People."
  52. People's Songs Inc., People's Songs Newsletter 1 (Februario 1946). Ex corpore Old Town School of Folk Music Resource Center.
  53. "'Pete Seeger: The Power of Song, programma in serie American Masters stationis KQED, 27 Februarii 2008 emissum.
  54. Anglice split tenor, inter altum et tenorem.
  55. Wilkinson, The Protest Singer (2006), 47.
  56. Vide en:Congress of Industrial Organizations.
  57. Alec Wilkinson, "The Protest Singer: Pete Seeger and American folk music," The New Yorker (17 Aprilis 2006), 44–53.
  58. Anglice: "by nesting a resonant chord between two precise notes, a melody note and a chiming note on the fifth string."
  59. Anglice: "with its vigorous hammering of the forearm and its percussive rapping of the fingernail on the banjo head."
  60. Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, 100.
  61. "Acoustic Guitar Central," www.acousticguitar.com.
  62. "Pete Seeger: The Power of Song" – PBS American Masters, 27 Februarii 2008.
  63. Colloquium cum Petro Seeger,[nexus deficit] American Masters (PBS).
  64. Anglice: "I am not going to answer any questions as to my association, my philosophical or religious beliefs or my political beliefs, or how I voted in any election, or any of these private affairs. I think these are very improper questions for any American to be asked, especially under such compulsion as this."
  65. Pete Seeger to the House Un-American Activities Committee, 18 Augusti 1955. Citatus, cum colloquiis ex illo testimonio, in Wilkinson, "The Protest Singer" (2006), p. 53.
  66. United States Congress, House Committee on Un-American Activities, [https://archive.org/details/investigationofc557unit "Testimony of Peter Seeger," 17–18 Augusti 1955, in Investigation of Communist Activities, New York Area—Part VII (Entertainment) (Vasingtoniae: U.S. Government Printing Office). Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House Of Representatives, Eighty-Fourth Congress, First Session, pars 7, pp. 2447–2459.
  67. United States v. Seeger, 303 F. 2d 478 (2d Cir. 1962).
  68. Wilkinson 2006:53.
  69. Raquel Maria Dillon, "School board offers apology to singer Pete Seeger," www.signonsandiego.com (Sign On San Diego).
  70. "BBC News – South East Wales, www.bbc.co.uk (BBC).
  71. Anglice late Wobblies a Seeger et hominibus eius aetatis appellatis.
  72. David Bianculli, Dangerously Funny: The Uncensored Story of the Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour (Touchstone, 2009).
  73. Songwriter – Pete Seeger and Writing For Freedom, www.peteseeger.net, 28 Iulii 1976.
  74. Turton 2011.
  75. Bank 2014.
  76. Brussus Jackson, collegi Neoportenus sodalis quoque, scribit, "Pete Seeger, more than any of the other board members, had a personal connection with Bob Dylan: it was he who [in 1962] had convinced the great Columbia A and R man John Hammond, famous for his work with jazz and blues musicians, to produce Dylan's eponymous first album, Bob Dylan. If anyone was responsible for Bob Dylan’s presence on the Newport Stage, it was Pete Seeger." Vide Jackson 2008: 148.
  77. Szwed 2010:354.
  78. Anglice: "Now, let's find out if these guys can play at all."
  79. Citatus in Wolkin et Keenom 2000:102. Vide etiam introductionem Ronaldi D. Cohen in "Part III, The Folk Revival (1960s)" in Alan Lomax: Selected Writings, ed. Ronald D. Cohen (Londinii: Routledege), p. 192.
  80. Greil Marcus, iudex musicae rockicae, scriptis: "Backstage, Peter Seeger and the great ethnomusicologist Alan Lomax attempted to cut the band’s power cables with an axe." Vide librum Greil Marcus, Invisible Republic, the Story of the Basement Tapes [1998], charta contextum iterum editum inscriptione The Old, Weird America: The World of Bob Dylan's Basement Tapes (Novi Eboraci: Holt, 2001), 12. Fabula Marci Maria Muldaur et Paulo Nelson elaboratur in No Direction Home, pellicula Martini Scorsese (2005).
  81. Anglice: "I couldn't understand the words. I wanted to hear the words. It was a great song, 'Maggie's Farm,' and the sound was distorted. I ran over to the guy at the controls and shouted, 'Fix the sound so you can hear the words.' He hollered back, 'This is the way they want it.' I said 'Damn it, if I had an axe, I'd cut the cable right now.' But I was at fault. I was the MC, and I could have said to the part of the crowd that booed Bob, 'you didn't boo Howlin' Wolf yesterday. He was electric!' Though I still prefer to hear Dylan acoustic, some of his electric songs are absolutely great. Electric music is the vernacular of the second half of the twentieth century, to use my father's old term."
  82. David Kupfer, Longtime Passing: An interview with Pete Seeger, Whole Earth magazine, Spring 2001.
  83. Anglice: "Mrs. Jay's little son Alby" (nomine fortasse Albertulo legendo).
  84. "Beans in My Ears". Sniff.numachi.com .
  85. Anglice Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour.
  86. How "Waist Deep in the Big Muddy" Finally Got on Network Television in 1968, www.peteseeger.net.
  87. Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour, CBS, annus 2, episodium 1, 10 Septembris 1967.
  88. Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour, CBS, annus 2, episodium 24, 25 Februarii 1968.
  89. Anglice: "Are you listening, Nixon?"
  90. Anglice: "All we are saying . . . is give peace a chance."
  91. Vide, exempli gratia, hoc documentarium et hanc recordationem.
  92. "Pete Seeger's banjo," (Flickr).
  93. Jim Brown (director), The Power of Song, DVD (Genius Products LLC, 2005, ISBN 1-59445-156-7).
  94. Navigatio in documentario monstratur.
  95. Alan Howard, The Don McLean Story: Killing Us Softly With His Songs (Lulu Press, 2007, ISBN 978-1-4303-0682-5), 420.
  96. Vide situm publicum ferii.
  97. "Movement afoot to name bridge after Pete Seeger," www.upi.com (Entertainment News), 31 Ianuarii 2014.
  98. 98.0 98.1 David King Dunaway 2008:103.
  99. Anglice: "the most lasting revolutions are those that take place over a period of time."
  100. Anglice: "Should I apologize for all this? I think so."
  101. Anglice: "How could Hitler have been stopped? Litvinov, the Soviet delegate to the League of Nations in '36, proposed a worldwide quarantine but got no takers. For more on those times check out pacifist Dave Dellinger's book, From Yale to Jail. . . ."
  102. David T. Dellinger, From Yale to Jail: The Life Story of a Moral Dissenter (Novi Eboraci: Pantheon Books, 1993, ISBN 0-679-40591-7).
  103. Anglice: "At any rate, today I'll apologize for a number of things, such as thinking that Stalin was merely a 'hard driver' and not a 'supremely cruel misleader.' I guess anyone who calls himself a Christian should be prepared to apologize for the Inquisition, the burning of heretics by Protestants, the slaughter of Jews and Muslims by Crusaders. White people in the U.S.A. ought to apologize for stealing land from Native Americans and enslaving blacks. Europeans could apologize for worldwide conquests, Mongolians for Genghis Khan. And supporters of Roosevelt could apologize for his support of Somoza, of Southern White Democrats, of Francoist Spain, for putting Japanese Americans in concentration camps. Who should my granddaughter Moraya apologize to? She's part African, part European, part Chinese, part Japanese, part Native American. Let's look ahead."
  104. Where Have All the Flowers Gone: A Musical Autobiography, edited by Peter Blood (Bethlehem, Pennsylvania: A Sing Out Publication, 1993, 1997), 22.
  105. Daniel J. Wakin, "This Just In: Pete Seeger Denounced Stalin Over a Decade Ago", New York Times, 1 Septembris 2007. Accessum 16 Octobris 2007.
  106. "The Old Left". New York Times Magazine. 22 Ianuarii 1995 .
  107. Anglice: "someone with a longtime habit of following the party line."
  108. Anglice: "eventually."
  109. Boaz, David (14 Aprilis 2006). "Stalin's songbird". Londinii: Guardian News and Media Limited .
  110. Commentarius Boazianus in libro The Politics of Freedom iterum impressus est (Vasingtoniae: The Cato Institute, 2008), 283–284.
  111. Dunaway, How Can I Keep From Singing, p. 422.
  112. "Seeger turns on Uncle Joe," New Statesman, 27 Septembris 2007.
  113. Patrick Doyle, "Video: Pete Seeger Debuts New BP Protest Song: Songwriter talks inspiration behind 'God's Counting on Me, God's Counting on You,'" Rolling Stone interretialis, 26 Iulii 2010.
  114. Colin Moynihan, Pete Seeger Leads Protesters in New York, on Foot and in Song, The New York Times, 22 Octobris 2011.
  115. "Pete Seeger and Occupy Wall Street Sing 'We Shall Overcome' at Columbus Circle (10/21/11)". Youtube .
  116. "Pete Seeger raises the roof at Clearwater Sloop barn raising" .
  117. "Simon Moya-Smith, "Celebrity Activists Harry Belafonte, Pete Seeger, Common and Michael Moore Come Together for Leonard Peltier"". indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com .
  118. "Hachette Book Group, "HACHETTE AUDIO AND JEFF HAYNES INTRODUCE PETE SEEGER: THE STORM KING ▪ STORIES, NARRATIVES,POEMS: Seeger's Spoken Word Set to All New Multi-Genre Music"". www.hachettebookgroup.com .
  119. John Barry, "Seeger Legacy Grows With Release of New Album 'Storm King'; DIA-Beacon Event Offers a Taste of Folk Singer's Spoken-Word Recordings" (Poughkeepsie Journal).
  120. "Shows featuring Pete Seeger". Democracy Now! .
  121. "Pete Seeger & Onondaga Leader Oren Lyons on Fracking, Indigenous Struggles and Hiroshima Bombing". Democracy Now!. 9 Augusti 2013 .
  122. Pete Seeger – This Land is Your Land (Live at Farm Aid 2013), YouTube, 21 Septembris 2013.
  123. Locutio "America's tuning fork" excogitata usitate Carolo Sandburg poetae tribuitur; exempli gratia, vide Corey Sandler, Henry Hudson: Dreams and Obsessions (Novi Eboraci: Kensington Books, 2007), p. 203.
  124. Anglice: "Over the years, Pete used his voice and his hammer to strike blows for workers' rights and civil rights; world peace and environmental conservation, and he always invited us to sing along. For reminding us where we come from and showing us where we need to go, we will always be grateful to Pete Seeger."
  125. "Obama memorializes Pete Seeger," USA Today, 18 Ianuarii 2014.
  126. Anglice: "Pete believed that music could make a difference. Not change the world, he never claimed that – he once said that if music could change the world he'd only be making music – but he believed that while music didn't have agency, it did have the power to make a difference."
  127. Billy Bragg, "Pete Seeger: folk activist who believed music could make a difference," The Guardian, 28 Ianuarii 2014.]
  128. Anglice: "I lost a great friend and a great hero last night, Pete Seeger."
  129. Diane Vadino, "Bruce Springsteen Honors Pete Seeger With a Stirring 'We Shall Overcome,'" '/'Rolling Stone, 29 Ianuarii 2014.
  130. j. poet (September 25, 2012). "Review, track listing". Allmusic.com 
  131. "Pete Seeger Discography at www.discogs.com". Discogs.com. 3 Maii 1919 .
  132. "Discography for Pete Seeger on Folkways". Folkways.si.edu .
  133. "Folk singer, activist Pete Seeger dies in New York," MSN, 28 Ianuarii 2014.
  134. "Songwriters Hall of Fame - Pete Seeger Exhibit Home". songwritershalloffame.org. 1972 .
  135. "Grammy Lifetime Achievement Awards". Grammy.org .
  136. "Awards and Medals: 1996". Smithsonian Institute .
  137. "Pete Seeger: The Storm King Project" .
  138. "56th Annual GRAMMY Awards Winners & Nominees: Best Spoken Word Album". grammy.com. Ianuario 2014 .

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