-2 Latinitas huius rei dubia est. Corrige si potes. Vide {{latinitas}}.

Rassismus[1] sive phyletismus[2] est genus odii quod nonnulli habent adversus alios tantummodo propter differentias coloris cutis, capillorum, oculorum iridis, formaeque corporis, quae differentiae rassalis vocantur.

Praeconium certaminis politici pro munere gubernatoris Pennsilvaniae anno 1866.
Praeconium Americanum secundo bello mundano divulgatum, in quo miles Iaponicus ratti forma figuratur.
Ruinae popinae "Govinda Vegetarian Restaurant" ab Indis administratae , ab indigenis combustae in Insulis Vitiensibus, Maio 2000

Rassismus nonnunquam e morbo mentis aut condicione neurotica nascitur, quae possunt rassistas ad facinora criminalia[3] aut perniciosa ducere. Maior tamen pars rassistarum[4] solum verbis ac contumeliis adversus alienigenas utuntur.

De variis rassismi aspectibus recensere

Primo sensu rassismus est opinio secundum quam indoles, characteres qualitatesque hominum immutabiliter ex genere seu rassa oriuntur.[5]

In rassismo institutionali, iura beneficiaque quibusdam denegantur aliisque privilegia conceduntur solum propter genus. Hae distinctiones plerumque non solum e differentiis corporum sed etiam culturae nascuntur.

Odium rassicum, ubi homines gregem quemvis opprimunt aut excludunt, saepe phyletismo exitiabiliter coniungitur. Anno 2001, Unio Europaea odium rassicum vetavit, cum multis aliis distinctionis socialis formis, in Charta iurum fundamentalium Unionis Europaeae, cuius effectus legitimus, si quilibet sit, solum in Institutionibus Unionis Europaeae versatur: "Chartae caput 21 vetat distinctiones iuxta rassam, colorem, originem ethnicam socialemve, notas geneticas, linguam, religionem fidemve, opiniones politicas aliasve, civitates, proprietates, invaliditatem, aetatem, vel propensionem sexualem, et secundum nationalitatem."[6], vel identitatem generis.

Rassismus ideologicus et politicus recensere

Ideologia rassistica saeculo undevicesimo saepe falsis rationibus scientificis fulciebatur, quibus classificatio hominum falso demonstrabatur (Taguieff 1987). Quamquam tales ideologiae post secundum bellum mundanum et Soa valde imminutae sunt, rassismus et discriminationes propter hominum origines factae omnibus in terris pergunt.[7]

Anno 1897 Gulielmus Eduardus Burghardt Du Bois, phyla hominum distinguens, indicavit nos non de phylis cogitare, sed potius de culturis: "historia communis, leges et religiones communes, similes mentis usus et conscius pro quibusdam vitae finibus nisus."[8]

Dies internationalis discriminationis rassisticae abrogandae recensere

UNESCO diem 21 Martii "Diem internationalem discriminationis rassisticae abrogandae"[9] nominavit, ad recordationem eiusdem diei anni 1960 quo occidio in Sharpeville, Africa Australi, patrata est, cum vigiles publici discipulos qui contra apartheid placide reclamabant interfecerunt.

Nexus interni

Notae recensere

  1. Robertus Deprez, "De 'rassismo', id est de re deque verbo", in Vox Latina, 138, p. 536: insunt verba racialis, rassismus, rassista, rassisticus. Et Francisca Deraedt et Gaius Licoppe, Calepinus novus, Bruxellis, 2002, p. 86.
  2. Nomen phyletismus invenit hic.
  3. Codex Iustinianus, IX, 41, 15.
  4. Licoppe et Deraedt, Calepinus novus, Bruxellis, 2002, p. 86: rassista -ae m.
  5. "Racism," Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
  6. Locus in charta.
  7. "Some examples of this in present day are statistics including, but not limited to, the ratio of black men in prison to free black men vs. other races, physical abilities and mental ability statistics, and other data gathered by scientific groups. While these statistics are accurate, and can show trends, it's inappropriate in most countries to assume that because a particular race has a high crime or low literacy rate, that the entire race of people automatically are criminals or unintelligent."
  8. W. E. B. Du Bois 1897:21, Locus hic.
  9. Anglice: International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.

Bibliographia recensere

  • Allen, Theodore. 1994. The Invention of the White Race. Codex 1. Londinii: Verso.
  • Allen, Theodore. 1997. The Invention of the White Race. Codex 2. Londinii: Verso.
  • Barkan, Elazar. 1992. The Retreat of Scientific Racism: Changing Concepts of Race in Britain and the United States between the World Wars. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2003. Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in the United States. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
  • Cazenave, Noel A., et Darlene Alvarez Maddern. 1999. "Defending the White Race: White Male Faculty Opposition to a White Racism Course." Race and Society 2: 25–50.
  • Dain, Bruce. 2002. A Hideous Monster of the Mind: American Race Theory in the Early Republic. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press.
  • Diamond, Jared. 1999. Guns, Germs, and Steel. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton.
  • Dubois, W. E. B. 1897. The Conservation of Races.
  • Ehrenreich, Eric. 2007. The Nazi Ancestral Proof: Genealogy, Racial Science, and the Final Solution. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Ewen, et Ewen. 2006. Typecasting: On the Arts and Sciences of Human Inequality. Novi Eboraci: Seven Stories Press.
  • Feagin, Joe R. 2000. Racist America: Roots, Current Realities, and Future Reparations. Novi Eboraci: Routledge.
  • Feagin, Joe R. 2006. Systemic Racism: A Theory of Oppression. Novi Eboraci: Routledge.
  • Gibson, Rich. 2004. Against Racism and Nationalism. URL[nexus deficit].
  • Graves, Joseph. 2004. The Race Myth Novi Eboraci: Dutton.
  • Ignatiev, Noel. 1995. How the Irish Became White. Novi Eboraci: Routledge.
  • Lentin, Alana. 2008. Racism: A Beginner's Guide. Oxoniae: One World.
  • Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1952. Race and History. UNESCO.
  • Memmi, Albert. 1999. Racism. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-3165-0.
  • Rocchio, Vincent F. 2000. Reel Racism: Confronting Hollywood's Construction of Afro-American Culture. Westview Press.
  • Smedley, Audrey, et Brian D. Smedley. 2005. "Race as Biology is Fiction, Racism as a Social Problem is Real." American Psychologist 60: 16–26.
  • Smedley, Audrey. 2007. Race in North America: Origins and Evolution of a World View. Boulder Colorati: Westview.
  • Stokes, DaShanne. Legalized Segregation and the Denial of Religious Freedom. URL.
  • Stoler, Ann Laura. 1997. "Racial Histories and Their Regimes of Truth." Political Power and Social Theory 11:183–206.
  • Taguieff, Pierre-André. 1987. La Force du préjugé: Essai sur le racisme et ses doubles. Tel Gallimard, La Découverte.
  • Trepagnier, Barbara. 2006. Silent Racism: How Well-Meaning White People Perpetuate the Racial Divide. Paradigm Publishers.
  • Twine, France Winddance. 1997. Racism in a Racial Democracy: The Maintenance of White Supremacy in Brazil. Rutgers University Press.
  • UNESCO. 1950. The Race Question.
  • Farkash, Tali. 2007. "Racists among us." Y-Net (Yediot Aharonot), pars "Jewish Scene," 20 Aprilis 2007.
  • Wellman, David T. 1993. Portraits of White Racism. Novi Eboraci: Cambridge University Press.
  • Winant, Howard. 2004. The New Politics of Race.
  • Winant, Howard, et Michael Omi. 1994. Racial Formation in The United States. Editio altera. Novi Eboraci: Routeledge.
  • Wohlgemuth, Bettina. 2007. Racism in the 21st century: How everybody can make a difference. Saarbrücken, DE, VDM Verlag Dr. Müller e.K. ISBN 978-3-8364-1033-5.
  • Wright W. D. 1998. "Racism Matters." Westport, Connecticutae: Praeger.

Nexus externi recensere