Bella inter Romanos et Persas

Bella inter Romanos et Persas
Galerius in Narsen invadit
Annus:	54 a.E.V. – 629 E.V. (683 anni)
Locus:	Mesopotamia, Syria, Levans australis, Aegyptus, Transcaucasia, Atropatene, Asia Minor, Paeninsula Balcanica, Mare Aegaeum
Fortuna:	Status quo ante bellum
Exercitus
Libera res publica Romana, deinde Imperium Romanum deinde Imperium Romanum Orientale, ac socii sui1	Regnum Parthorum, deinde Imperium Sassanidarum, ac socii sui2
Duces
Crassus, Marcus Antonius, Ventidius, Corbulo, Traianus, Avidius Cassius, Statius Priscus, Lucius Verus, Septimius Severus, Caracalla, Macrinus, Alexander Severus, Timesitheus, Gordianus III, Valerianus, Ballista, Odaenathus, Carus, Galerius, Constantius II, Iulianus, Iovianus, Ardaburius, Hypatius, Patricius, Areobindus, Celer, Belisarius, Sittas, Al-Harith ibn Jabalah, Ioannes Troglita, Dagisthaeus, Bessas, Marcian, Iustinianus, Al-Mundhir ibn al-Harith, Mauricius, Ioannes Mystacon, Philippicus, Comentiolus, Narses Germanus, Leontius, Domentziolus, Priscus, Heraclius, Theodore	Surena, Orodes II, Pacorus I, Quintus Labienus, Artabanus III, Vologases I, Osroes I, Sinatruces II, Vologases IV, Ardashir I, Sapor I, Narseh, Sapor II, Narseh, Mehr Narseh, Bahram V, Yazdegerd II, Kavadh I, Mihran, Mihr-Mihroe, Azarethes, Chosroes I, Al-Mundhir IV ibn al-Mundhir, Khorianes, Adarmahan, Tamkhusro, Varaz Vzur, Mahbodh, Kardarigan, Bahram Chobin, Zatsparham, Chosroes II, Shahrbaraz, Kardarigan, Shahin, Shahraplakan, Rhahzadh
1 Socii Romanorum: Armenia, Iberia (Caucasus), Albania (Caucasus), Commagene, Nabataei, Osroene, Palmyra, Ghassanidae, Lazica, Imperium Axomitarum, Chazari, Göktürki 2 Socii Parthorum et Sassanidarum: Osroene, Armenia, Iberia (Caucasus), Albania (Caucasus), Lakhmidae, Lazica, Avari, Sclaveni

Bella inter Romanos et Persas fuerunt series certaminum inter civitates Romanorum Graecorumque et duorum imperiorum Iranicorum, Parthorum et Sassanidarum. Proelia inter Parthos et Romanos anno 54 a.E.V. coeperunt, et plenum bellum in fine liberae rei publicae susceptum est. Bella duraverunt, paucis pacis intervallis, in tempus Imperii Romani et Imperii Sassanidarum. Denique finita sunt cum Arabes Musulmani in terras Persicas invaderent, ruinam Imperii Sassanidarum efficientes et ingentes terras a Romanis orientalibus (Byzantinis) capientes.

Rome, Parthia and Seleucid Empire in 200 BC. Soon both the Romans and the Parthians would invade the Seleucid-held territories, and become the strongest states in western Asia.

Quamquam bella inter Romanos et Persas septem saecula durabant, fines satis stabiles manebant. Exercitûs, quasi unum funem trahentes, munimenta, oppida, provincias assidue diripiebant, capiebant, delebant, ac permutebant. Nulla pars satis copiarum habebat ut bellum procul a terris suis tamdiu gereret, nec longe progredi potebat ne vires suas comminueret. Vero ambi exercitûs terras ultra fines suas vicerunt, tum demum aequalitas fere semper restituta est. Finis inter duos hostes saeculo II E.V. mutata est: linea prior secundum Euphraten septentrionalem currebat; nova linea ad orientem, deinde partim ad septentrionem, currebat, per Mesopotamiam ad Tigrim septentrionalem. Etiam linea in Armenia et Caucaso mutata est.

Bibliographia

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