The Waste Land

The Waste Land ('Vastitas') est poema longum a T. S. Eliot ductum, quod "unum ex poematibus maximi momenti saeculi vicensimi"^[1] et principalis modernisticae poesis Anglice scriptae textus late habetur.^[2]^[3] Poema, in versibus 434 consistens,^[B] anno 1922, primum in Britanniarum Regno fasciculo Octobri The Criterion et in Civitatibus Foederatis fasciculo Novembri The Dial apparuit; ut liber proprius Decembri prolatum est. Inter suas locutiones notissimas sunt "April is the cruellest month" ('Aprilis mensis saevissimus est'), "I will show you fear in a handful of dust" ('Metum in pugillo pulveris tibi ostendam'), et "Shantih shantih shantih," mantra Sanscrita.^[C]

Argumentum poematis legendum Sanctae Grail et Regis Piscatoris dubie sequitur, conspectibus hodiernarum condicionum in societate Britannica praeditum. Eliot multas adhibet allusiones litterarias resque culturae ex canone Occidentali ac Buddhismo et Upanishad Hindu. Quam ob rem, iudices litterarii eruditique academici poema habent subobscurum.^[4] Textus inter voces saturae et vaticinationis agitatur, abruptas incertasque narratoris mutationes, locos, et tempora vehementius dicens, et variissimas et dissonantís culturas et litteras evocans.

Poemati sunt quinque partes. Prima pars, The Burial of the Dead ('Sepultura mortuorum'), themata redemptionis de somnio et desperationis introducit. Secunda, A Game of Chess ('Ludus scaccorum'), prospectibus nonnullarum personarum utitur—narrationes alternantes—quae illa themata per experientiam tractant. Tertia, The Fire Sermon ('Homilia ignis'), meditationem philosophicam offert ad imagines mortis (Ἀποθανεῖν θέλω) et aspectus temperantiae spectans, ab Augustino et religionibus orientalibus motam. Quarta brevem petitionem lyricam comprehendit. Quinta, What the Thunder Said ('Quod dixit tonitrus'), imagine iudicii ultimi finitur.

Adnotationes

↑ Anglice: "one of the most important poems of the 20th century."
↑ Valentine Low, "Out of the waste land: TS Eliot becomes nation's favourite poet," Timesonline, 9 Octobris 2009.
↑ Alan Bennett, "Margate's shrine to Eliot's muse," The Guardian, 12 Iulii 2009.
↑ Forster, 89–96.

Notae

^ Titulus aliquando The Wasteland falso inscribitur.
^ Ob errorem versuum enumeratorum, Eliot ad nonnullas ex lineis ultimis notas perperam posuit, ultima linea 433 dicta. Errore numquam emendato, numerus 433 saepe citatur.
^ Eliotiana huius versus adnotatio legitur: "Shantih. Repeated as here, a formal ending to an Upanishad. 'The Peace which passeth understanding' is our equivalent to this word."

Bibliographia

Aldington, Richard. 1941. Life for Life's Sake. The Viking Press.
Bush, Ronald. 1991. T. S. Eliot. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-39074-5.
Eliot, T. S. 1961. The Frontiers of Criticism. In On Poetry and Poets. Novi Eboraci: Noonday Press.
Eliot, T. S. 1971. The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the Original Drafts Including the Annotations of Ezra Pound. Ed. cum praefatione a Valerie Eliot scripta. Harcourt Brace & Company. ISBN 0-15-694870-2.
Eliot, T. S. 1988. The Letters of T. S. Eliot, vol. 1. Harcourt, Brace Jovanovich.
Eliot, T. S. 1986. The Frontiers of Criticism. In On Poetry and Poets. Londinii: Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-08983-6.
Eliot, T. S. 2001. The Waste Land. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-97499-5.
Forster, E. M. 1964. Abinger Harvest. Novi Eboraci: Harcourt, Brace & World
Gallup, Donald. 1969. T. S. Eliot: A Bibliography. Ed. retractata et amplificata. Novi Eboraci: Harcourt, Brace & World.
Gordon, Lyndall. 2000. T. S. Eliot: An Imperfect Life. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-32093-6.
Officer, Lawrence H. (2008) "Dollar-Pound Exchange Rate From 1791", MeasuringWorth.com
Pound, Ezra. 2005. The Spirit of Romance. New Directions. ISBN 0-8112-1646-2.
Rainey, Lawrence. 2005. Revisiting the Waste Land. Portu Novo: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-10707-2.
Wilhelm, James J. 1990. Ezra Pound in London and Paris, 1908–1925. Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0-271-00682-X.
Weidmann, Dirk. 2009. And I Tiresias have foresuffered all: More Than Allusions to Ovid in T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land? In Literatura 51(3):98–108.

Fontes primarii

Eliot, T. S. 1963. Collected Poems, 1909–1962. Novi Eboraci: Harcourt, Brace & World. ISBN 0-15-118978-1.
Eliot, T. S. 1971. The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the Original Drafts Including the Annotations of Ezra Pound, a Valeria Eliot adnnotatus et editus. Londinii: Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-09635-2, ISBN ISBN 0-571-11503-9.

Fontes additi

Ackroyd, Peter. 1984. T. S. Eliot. Londinii: Hamish Hamilton. ISBN 0-241-11349-0.
Bedient, Calvin. 1986. He Do the Police in Different Voices. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-04141-7.
Bloom, Harold. 2003. Genius: A Mosaic of One Hundred Exemplary Creative Minds. Novi Eboraci: Warner Books. ISBN 0-446-69129-1.
Brooker, Jewel, et Joseph Bentley. 1990. Reading the Waste Land: Modernism and the Limits of Interpretation. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 0-87023-803-5.
Claes, Paul. 2012. A Commentary on T.S. Eliot's Poem The Waste Land: The Infertility Theme and the Poet's Unhappy Marriage. Lewiston Novi Eboraci: Edwin Mellen Press.
Drew, Elizabeth. 1949. T. S. Eliot: The Design of His Poetry. Novi Eboraci: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Gish, Nancy. 1988. The Waste Land: A Student's Companion to the Poem. Bostoniae: Twayne. ISBN 0-8057-8023-8.
Miller, James. 1977. T. S. Eliot's Personal Waste Land. Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0-271-01237-4.
Moody, A. David. 1994. The Cambridge Companion to T. S. Eliot. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-42127-6.
North, Michael. 2000. The Waste Land. Norton Critical Editions. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-97499-5.*Reeves, Gareth. 1994. T. S. Eliot's the Waste Land. Novi Eboraci: Harvester Wheatsheaf. ISBN 0-7450-0738-4.
Southam, B. C. 1996. A Guide to the Selected Poems of T. S. Eliot. Didacopoli: Harcourt Brace. ISBN 0-15-600261-2.