Tinamidae

Tinamidae sunt familiae avium, sola ordinis Tinamiformium familia, cui sunt duae subfamiliae distinctae, quadraginta sex species comprehendens, quae in Mexico, America Media, et America Australi inveniuntur. Nomen ex tinamu, vocabulo Galibiano, in una ex linguis Caribanis, deducitur. Tinamidae grex sororalis palaeognatharum sine volatu usitate putabantur, sed investigationes recentiores eas intra radiationem palaeognatharum commode ponunt, quod significat palaeognathas basales volare potuisse. Tinamidae inter fossilia primum aevo Miocaeno apparent. Plerumque sedentariae in solo habitare solent, et, quamquam non sine volatu, volatum evitant et periculum aufugire malunt. Inveniuntur in variis habitationibus naturalibus, a terris graminosis semiaridis alpinisque ad tropicas silvas pluviales. Binae subfamiliae habitatione late distinguuntur, Nothurinis tinanimidis stepparum vel agrorum apertorum, Tinaminis tinamidis silvarum vulgo appellatis.

Eudromia elegans

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Animalia — Chordata

Subphylum : Vertebrata 
Superclassis : Tetrapoda 
Classis : Aves 
Infraclassis : Palaeognathae 
Ordo : Tinamiformes 
Familia : Tinamidae 

   

Palaeontologia

Miocaenum – Recens 10–0 m.a.: 

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Subdivisiones: Genera

* Subfamilia Tinaminae

• • Nothocercus
  • Crypturellus
  • Tinamus
• Subfamilia Nothurinae
  • Tinamotis
  • Eudromia
  • Rhynchotus
  • Nothoprocta
  • Nothura
  • Taoniscus

Synonyma

* Crypturidae Bonaparte, 1831

• Tinamotidae Bonaparte, 1854
• Eudromiidae Bonaparte, 1854
• Rhynchotidae von Boetticher, 1934

Species typica

Tinamus major Gmelin, 1789

Territorium

Formula:Big

Coniunctiones geneticae

Cladogramma generum Tinamidarum insequitur, secundum data morphologica et moleculare, a Bertelli & Porzecanski enodata (2004).

Tinamidae	Tinaminae Nothocercus Crypturellus Tinamus Nothurinae Tinamotis Eudromia Rhynchotus Nothoprocta Nothura Taoniscus

Species ordine taxinomico digestae

Tinamus major.

Nothocercus nigrocapillus.

Crypturellus cinereus.

Rhynchotus rufescens.

Nothoprocta cinerascens.

Nothura boraquira.

Tinamotis ingoufi.

Signa status conservationis:

• VU – vulnerabilis
• NT – paene in periculum redactus
• LC – minimae curae

Ordo Tinamiformes Huxley 1872 [Crypturi Goodchild 1891; Dromaeomorphae Huxley 1867]
Familia Tinamidae

• Genus †Querandiornis Rusconi 1958
  • †Querandiornis romani Rusconi 1958
• Subfamilia Tinaminae
  • Genus Crypturellus
    • †Crypturellus reai Chandler 2012
    • Crypturellus casiquiare – LC
    • Crypturellus bartletti – LC
    • Crypturellus berlepschi – LC
    • Crypturellus atrocapillus – NT
    • Crypturellus strigulosus – LC
    • Crypturellus obsoletus – LC
    • Crypturellus kerriae – VU
    • Crypturellus cinereus – LC
    • Crypturellus duidae – NT
    • Crypturellus soui – LC
    • Crypturellus transfasciatus – NT
    • Crypturellus erythropus – LC
      • Crypturellus erythropus columbianus (status taxinomicus hodie incertus) American Ornithologists' Union fissionem anno 2006 non approbavit; sic BirdLife International.
      • Crypturellus erythropus saltuarius (status taxinomicus hodie incertus) American Ornithologists' Union fissionem anno 2006 non approbavit; sic BirdLife International.
      • Crypturellus erythropus idoneus (status taxinomicus hodie incertus) American Ornithologists' Union fissionem anno 2006 non approbavit; sic BirdLife International.
    • Crypturellus brevirostris – LC
    • Crypturellus boucardi – LC
    • Crypturellus parvirostris – LC
    • Crypturellus tataupa – LC
    • Crypturellus ptaritepui – LC
    • Crypturellus cinnamomeus – LC
    • Crypturellus undulatus – LC
    • Crypturellus variegatus – LC
    • Crypturellus noctivagus – NT
  • Genus Nothocercus
    • Nothocercus bonapartei – LC
    • Nothocercus nigrocapillus – VU
    • Nothocercus julius – LC
  • Genus Tinamus
    • Tinamus osgoodi – VU
    • Tinamus major – NT
    • Tinamus tao – VU
    • Tinamus solitarius – NT
    • Tinamus guttatus – NT
• Subfamily Nothurinae
  • Genus Eudromia
    • †Eudromia intermedia (Rovereto 1914) [Tinamisornis intermedius Rovereto 1914 non Dabbene & Lillo 1913; Roveretornis intermedius (Rovereto 1914) Brodkorb 1961]
    • †Eudromia olsoni Tambussi & Tonni 1985 [Tinamisornis intermedius Dabbene & Lillo 1913 non Rovereto 1914; Eudromia elegans intermedia (Dabbene & Lillo 1913)]
    • Eudromia elegans – LC
    • Eudromia formosa – LC
  • Genus Nothoprocta
    • Nothoprocta pentlandii – LC
    • Nothoprocta cinerascens – LC
    • Nothoprocta perdicaria – LC
    • Nothoprocta curvirostris – LC
    • Nothoprocta ornata – LC
    • Nothoprocta taczanowskii – VU
  • Genus Nothura
    • Nothura chacoensis – LC
    • Nothura darwinii – LC
    • Nothura minor – VU
    • †Nothura paludosa Mercerat 1897
    • †Nothura parvula (Rovereto) Tambussi 1989 [Tinamisornis parvulus Rovereto; Cayetanornis parvulus (Rovereto) Brodkorb 1963]
    • Nothura maculosa – LC
    • Nothura boraquira – LC
  • Genus Rhynchotus
    • Huayco tinamou, Rhynchotus maculicollis – LC
    • Red-winged tinamou, Rhynchotus rufescens – LC
  • Genus Taoniscus
    • Dwarf tinamou, Taoniscus nanus – VU
  • Genus Tinamotis
    • Patagonian tinamou, Tinamotis ingoufi – LC
    • Puna tinamou, Tinamotis pentlandii – LC

Bibliographia

Aspectus ventralis cranii Rhynchoti rufescentis.

• Allentoft, M. E.; Rawlence, N. J. (2012-01-20). "Moa's Ark or volant ghosts of Gondwana? Insights from nineteen years of ancient DNA research on the extinct moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes) of New Zealand". Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 194 (1): 36–51 
• Baker, A. J.; Haddrath, O.; McPherson, J. D.; Cloutier, A. (2014). "Genomic Support for a Moa-Tinamou Clade and Adaptive Morphological Convergence in Flightless Ratites". Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (7): 1686–96 
• Bertelli, Sara; Chiappe, Luis M. (2005). "Earliest tinamous (Aves: Palaeognathae) from the Miocene of Argentina and their phylogenetic position". Contributions in Science 502: 1–20 
• Bertelli, Sara; Porzecanski, Ana Luz (2004). "Tinamou (Tinamidae) systematics: a preliminary combined analysis of morphology and molecules". Ornitologia Neotropical 15 (Suppl.): 293–99 
• Birdlife International, ed. (2013). "Species status: Tinamidae". BirdLife data zone. BirdLife International 
• Brands, Sheila (2008). "Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Order Tinamiformes". Project: The Taxonomicon 
• Brennan, Patricia L. R. (2004). "Techniques for studying the behavioural ecology of forest-dwelling tinamous (Tinamidae)". Orntitologia Neotropical 15 (Suppl.): 329–37 
• Brown, Joseph W. (June 2007). "Tinamidae: Tinamous". Tree of Life Web Project 

• Cabot, J.; Carboneras, C.; Folch, A.; de Juanca, E.; Llimona, F.; Matheu, E. (1992). del Hoyo, J.. ed. Tinamiformes. I: Ostrich to Ducks. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8487334108 
• Cenizo, Marcus Martín; Tambussi, Claudia Patricia; Montalvo, Claudia Inés (2012). "Late Miocene continental birds from the Cerro Azul Formation in the Pampean region (central-southern Argentina)". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 36 (1): 47–68 
• Chandler, Robert M. (2012). "A New Species of Tinamou (Aves: Tinamiformes, Tinamidae) from the Early-Middle Miocene of Argentina". PalArch's Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology 9 (2): 1–8 
• Davies, S. J. J. F. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph. ed. Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds. London, UK: Merehurst Press. ISBN 978-1-85391-186-6 

• Davies, S. J. J. F. 2002. Ratites and tinamous : Tinamidae, Rheidae, Dromaiidae, Casuariidae, Apterygidae, Struthionidae. Laminae colorata Michael J. Bamford; adumbrationes et tabulae geographicae Danika Loomes. Oxoniae et Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198549962

• Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003). Hutchins, Michael. ed. Tinamous. 8: Birds I: Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins (secunda ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 57–59. ISBN 978-0-7876-5784-0 
• Farmer, Donald, ed. (1985). Avian Biology. 8. Elsevier. ISBN 978-0323157995 
• Gauthier, J.; de Queiroz, K. (2001). "Feathered dinosaurs, flying dinosaurs, crown dinosaurs, and the name "Aves"". In Gauthier, J.; Gall, L. F.. New Perspectives on the Origin and Early Evolution of Birds: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Honor of John H. Ostrom. The Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University. pp. 7–41. ISBN 978-0-912532-57-8 
• Gotch, A. F. (1995) [1979]. "Tinamous". Latin Names Explained. A Guide to the Scientific Classifications of Reptiles, Birds & Mammals. London, UK: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-3377-5 
• Hackett, Shannon J.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Reddy, Sushma; Bowie, Rauri C. K.; Braun, Edward L.; Braun, Michael J.; Chojnowski, Jena L.; Cox, W. Andrew et al (2008). "A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history". Science 320 (1763): 1763–68 
• Harshman, John; Braun, Edward L.; Braun, Michael J.; Huddleston, Christopher J.; Bowie, Rauri C. K.; Chojnowski, Jena L.; Hackett, Shannon J.; Han, Kin-Lan et al (2008). "Phylogenomic evidence for multiple losses of flight in ratite birds". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 (36): 13462–67 
• Howard, Laura (2003). "Tinamiformes (on-line)". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology 
• IUCN, ed. (2012). "Table 4a: Red List Category summary for all animal classes and orders". IUCN 
• Jaramillo, A.; Johnson, M. T. J.; Rothfels, C. R.; Johnson, R. A. (2008). "The native and exotic avifauna of Easter Island: then and now". Boletin Chileno de Ornitologia 14: 8–21 
• Mitchell, K. J.; Llamas, B.; Soubrier, J.; Rawlence, N. J.; Worthy, T. H.; Wood, J.; Lee, M. S. Y.; Cooper, A. (2014-05-23). "Ancient DNA reveals elephant birds and kiwi are sister taxa and clarifies ratite bird evolution". Science 344 (6186): 898–900 
• Phillips, Matthew J., Gillian C. Gibb, | Elizabeth A. Crimp, et David Penny. 2010. "Tinamous and Moa Flock Together: Mitochondrial Genome Sequence Analysis Reveals Independent Losses of Flight among Ratites." Systematic Biology 59 (1): 90–107. Editio interretialis. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp079. PMID 20525622.
• Remsen Jr., J. V.; Donegan, Thomas (2008). "Classification of birds of South America Part 01". South American Classification Committee. American Ornithologists' Union. p. Proposal 209–211 
• Sick, H. (1993). Birds in Brazil, a Natural History. Princeton Novae Caesareae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691085692 
• University of Georgia (2008). "Ecology". Tinamou Research Group. University of Georgia 

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Tinamidas spectant.

Vide "Tinamiformes" apud Vicispecies.

• Pelliculae Tinamidarum. Internet Bird Collection.
• Soni Tinamidarum. Xeno Canto Collection.