Vicipaedia

Quarcum lepor

Signum Nomen Onus Massa
Lat. Ang.
Primum genus
d deorsum down −1/3 ~ 5 MeV/c²
u sursum up +2/3 ~ 3 MeV/c²
Secundum genus
s mirum strange −1/3 95 ± 25 MeV/c²
c lepor charm +2/3 1,8 GeV/c²
Tertium genus
b imum bottom −1/3 4,5 GeV/c²
t summum top +2/3 171 GeV/c²

Quarcum lepor,? vel quarcum c,[1] omnium quarcorum est tertium e maxime massvo, quasi particula elementaris, et magna materiei pars. Quarca lepor in hadrona appellatis inveniuntur, quae particulae subatomicae in quarcis consistentes sunt. Inter hadrona quae quarca mira continent sunt meson J/ψ, mesona D, baryona mirifica sigma, aliaeque particulae mirae.

Murray Gell-Mann
Georgius Zweig.

Quarcum lepor, cum quarco miro, est pars secundae materiei aetatis, atque onus electricum +2/3 e? et massam nudam 95+9
−3 MeV/c2.? habet.[2] Quarcum lepor, sicut omnia quarca, est fermion elementare cui est versus 1/2,? et quod omnes quattuor vires fundamentales[3] patitur, quae sunt gravitatio, electromagnetismus, vires debiles, et vires fortes. Antiparticula quarci leporis est antiquarcum lepor,[4] quod ab eo differt solum quod nonnullae ex eius proprietatibus, sicut onus electricum, magnitudinem aequam sed signum oppositum exhibent.

Exsistentia quarci quarti a nonnullis auctoribus circa 1964 excogitabatur, exempli gratia a Iacobo Bjorken et Sheldon Lee Glashow[5]), sed a Sheldon Lee Glashow, Ioanne Iliopoulos, et Luciano Maiani anno 1970 certe praedicta est.[6] Glashow ipse sic dixit: "Nostrum constructum 'quarcum mirum' nominabamus, nam a symmetria quam in mundum subnuclearem ferebat fascinabamur et oblectabamur."[7][8] Prima particula fascinata (particula quarcum leporem continens) nota erat meson J/ψ, quam anno 1974 manus investigatorum invenerunt apud Sedem Acceleratoris Linearis Stanfordiensem in California, Burtono Richter duce,[9] atque adeo apud Laboratorium Nationale Brookhavenense in Novo Eboraco, Samuele Ting duce.[10]

J/Psi particula subatomica anno 1974 inventum (et ergo quarcum lepor inventum) multas coepit res gestas magni momenti, quae Res Novae Novembres una appellantur.

Hadrona quae quarca lepores continent

recensere

Nonnulla hadrona quarca lepores continent.

  • Mesona D quarcum leporem (aut eius antiparticulam) et quarcum sursum aut deorsum continent.
  • Mesona D mirus quarcum leporem et quarcum mirum continent.
  • Sunt multi status charmonia dicti, exempli gratia particulae J/Psi, quae in quarco lepore et eius antiparticula consistunt.
  • Baryona mira observata sunt, et nomina per analogiam cum baryonis miris ferunt, exempli gratia particula lambda+ miro.

Nexus interni

Notae

recensere
  1. ↑ Signum c, Anglicum charm significans.
  2. ↑ Tanabashi et al. 2018.
  3. ↑ Etiam interactiones fundamentales appellatae.
  4. ↑ Aliquando quarcum antilepor et antilepor tantum appellatum.
  5. ↑ B. J. Bjorken, S. L. Glashow; Glashow (1964). "Elementary particles and SU(4)". Physics Letters 11 (3): 255–57 
  6. ↑ S. L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos, L. Maiani; Iliopoulos; Maiani (1970). "Weak Interactions with Lepton–Hadron Symmetry". Physical Review D 2 (7): 1285–92 
  7. ↑ Anglice "We called our construct the 'charmed quark', for we were fascinated and pleased by the symmetry it brought to the subnuclear world."
  8. ↑ M. Riordan (1987). The Hunting of the Quark: A True Story of Modern Physics. Simon & Schuster. p. 210. ISBN 978-0-671-50466-3 
  9. ↑ J.-E. Augustin (1974). "Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e+e− Annihilation". Physical Review Letters 33 (23): 1406 
  10. ↑ J. J. Aubert (1974). "Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J". Physical Review Letters 33 (23): 1404 

Bibliographia

recensere
  • Ali, A., et G. Kramer. 2011. "JETS and QCD: A historical review of the discovery of the quark and gluon jets and its impact on QCD." European Physical Journal H 36 (2): 245. doi:10.1140/epjh/e2011-10047-1. Bibcode 2011EPJH...36..245A. Arxiv 1012.2288. S2cid 54062126.
  • Gell-Mann, Murray. (1964) 2000. "The Eightfold Way: A theory of strong interaction symmetry." In The Eightfold Way, ed. Murray Gell-Mann et Yuval Ne'eman. Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-7382-0299-0. Primum impressus 1961: "The Eightfold Way: A theory of strong interaction symmetry". Synchrotron Laboratory Report CTSL-20. California Institute of Technology.
  • Johnson, G. 2000. Strange Beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the Revolution in Twentieth-Century Physics. Novi Eboraci: Random House. ISBN 978-0-679-43764-2. Google Books.
  • Nave, R. "Quarks." In HyperPhysics. Department of Physics and stronomy, Georgia State University. Editio interretialis.
  • Nishijima, Kazuhiko. 1955. "Charge Independence Theory of V Particles." Progress of Theoretical Physics 13 (3): 285. doi:10.1143/PTP.13.285. Bibcode 1955PThPh..13..285N.
  • Pickering, A. 1984. Constructing Quarks. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-66799-7.
  • Tanabashi, M., et al. (Particle Data Group). 2018. "Review of Particle Physics." Physical Review D 98 (3): 1–708. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.030001. Bibcode 2018PhRvD..98c0001T. PMID 10020536. Editio interretialis.
Particulae elementariae
Fermiones:

Quarcia · Leptones

Leptones:

Electrones · Myones · Tauones · Neutrina

Bosones gauge:

Photones · Gluones · bosona W+, W- et Z0 · boson Higgsianum

Hypotheticae:

Graviton · Tachyon

Particulae compositae:
Hadrones:

Baryones · Mesones

Baryones:

Protones · Neutrones · Hyperones

Mesones:

Piones · Kaones

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