Pterophoridae
Pterophoridae sunt familia lepidopterorum quibus sunt alae inusitate mutatae. Pertinent ad Apoditrysia, sicut maiores papiliones, sed eorum dissimiles minusculae sunt et olim inter "microlepidoptera" digerebantur. Familia a Carolo Linnaeo anno 1758 erecta est. Typus familiae est Pterophorus pentadactyla.
Ordo : Lepidoptera
Superfamilia : Pterophoroidea
Familia : Pterophoridae
Zeller, 1841
- Deuterocopinae
- Ochyroticinae
- Pterophorinae
Descriptio et oecologia
recensere
Anteriores Pterophoridarum alae plerumque in duobus asseribus curvatis consistunt, cum laxis saetis post. Quae collocatio collocationis Alucitidarum similis leviter sunt, sed Alucitidis sunt plures plumae symmetricae. Alae posteriores similes videntur, sed eis sunt tres asseres. Alae in paucis generibus usitatiorum lepidopterorum alarum similes sunt.
Pterophoridae magni momenti oeconomici sunt Platyptilia carduidactyla, pestis Cynarae cardunculae in California, cum Platyptilia pica[1] et Stenoptilodes antirrhina plantas ornamentales Pelargonium x hortorum et Antirrhinum majus proprie laedere possint. Aliae Pterophoridae actores continentiae biologicae adhibentur ad species plantarum invasivarum: Lantanophaga pusillidactyla contra Lantganam camaram, Oidaematophorus beneficus contra Ageratinam ripariam, Hellinsia balanotes contra Baccharem halimifoliam,[2] et Wheeleria spilodactylus contra Marrubium vulgare.[3]
Evolutio
recensereFossilia ex Merrifieldia genere ex Oligocaeno Franciae exstantia agnoscuntur.[4][5]
Taxinomia
recensereParvus lepidopterorum grex in genere Agdistopis saepe subfamilia Macropiratinarum intra Pterophoridas esse putatur, sed investigationes recentes indicant hunc gregem esse familiam separatam.
Pterophoridae inter subfamilias, tribus, et genera sic infra digeruntur,[6] cum aliquot speciebus.
Subfamilia Agdistinae
- Genus Agdistis Hübner, 1825
Subfamilia Ochyroticinae
Subfamilia Deuterocopinae Gielis, 1993
- Genus Deuterocopus
- Genus Heptaloba
- Genus Hexadactilia
- Genus Leptodeuterocopus
Subfamilia Pterophorinae Zeller, 1841
- Tribus Tetraschalini
- Genus Tetraschalis
- Genus Titanoptilus
- Genus Walsinghamiella
- Tribus Platyptiliini
- Genus Amblyptilia Hübner, 1825
- Genus Anstenoptilia
- Genus Asiaephorus
- Genus Bigotilia
- Genus Bipunctiphorus
- Genus Buszkoiana
- Genus Cnaemidophorus Wallengren, 1862
- Genus Crocydoscelus
- Genus Fletcherella
- Genus Gillmeria Tutt, 1905
- Genus Inferuncus
- Genus Koremaguia
- Genus Lantanophaga Zimmermann, 1958
- Genus Leesi
- Genus Lioptilodes
- Genus Melanoptilia
- Genus Michaelophorus
- Genus Nippoptilia
- Genus Paraamblyptilia
- Genus Paraplatyptilia
- Genus Platyptilia Hübner, 1825
- Genus Platyptiliodes
- Genus Postplatyptilia
- Genus Quadriptilia
- Genus Sinpunctiptilia
- Genus Sochchora
- Genus Sphenarches
- Genus Stenoptilia Hübner, 1825
- Genus Stenoptilodes Zimmermann, 1958
- Genus Stockophorus
- Genus Uroloba
- Genus Vietteilus
- Genus Xyroptila
- Tribus Exelastini
- Genus Arcoptilia
- Genus Exelastis
- Genus Fuscoptilia
- Genus Marasmarcha
- Genus Parafuscoptilia
- Tribus Oxyptilini
- Genus Apoxyptilus Alipanah et al., 2010
- Genus Buckleria Tutt, 1905
- Genus Capperia
- Genus Crombrugghia
- Genus Dejongia
- Genus Eucapperia
- Genus Geina
- Genus Intercapperia
- Genus Megalorhipida Amsel, 1935
- Genus Oxyptilus
- Genus Paracapperia
- Genus Prichotilus Rose and Pooni, 2003
- Genus Procapperia
- Genus Pseudoxyptilus Alipanah et al., 2010
- Genus Stangeia Tutt, 1905
- Genus Stenodacma
- Genus Tomotilus
- Genus Trichoptilus
- Tribus Oidaematophorini
- Genus Adaina
- Genus Crassuncus
- Genus Emmelina Tutt, 1905
- Genus Gypsochares
- Genus Hellinsia Tutt, 1905
- Genus Helpaphorus
- Genus Karachia
- Genus Oidaematophorus Wallengren, 1862
- Genus Picardia
- Genus Pselnophorus Wallengren, 1881
- Genus Puerphorus
- Genus Setosipennula
- Tribus Pterophorini
- Genus Calyciphora
- Genus Cosmoclostis
- Genus Diacrotricha
- Genus Imbophorus
- Genus Merrifieldia
- Genus Oirata
- Genus Patagonophorus
- Genus Porrittia
- Genus Pterophorus
- Genus Septuaginta
- Genus Singularia
- Genus Tabulaephorus
- Genus Wheeleria Tutt, 1905
Notae
recensere- ↑ MDA (1980)
- ↑ Palmer et Haseler 1992.
- ↑ Baker 2002.
- ↑ L. Bigot, A. Nel, et J. Nel. 1986, "Description de la première espèce fossile connue de Ptérophore (Lepidoptera Pterophoridae)," Alexanor 14: 283–88.
- ↑ Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Labandeira, Conrad; Davis, Donald; Mitter, Charles (2012-04-30). "An annotated catalog of fossil and subfossil Lepidoptera (Insecta: Holometabola) of the world". Zootaxa 3286 (1): 1.
- ↑ Gielis, Cees (2000-05-31). "Division of the Pterophoridae into Tribes (Lepidoptera)". Quadrifina 3: 57–60
Bibliographia
recensere- Baker, J. 2002. "Factors affecting the establishment of a classical biological control agent, the horehound plume moth (Wheeleria spilodactylus) in South Australia." Dissertatio Ph.D., Department of Applied and Molecular Ecology, Adelaide University, Australia. PDF.
- Michigan Department of Agriculture. 1980. "Geranium Plume Moth Quarantine." PDF.
- Palmer, W. A., et W. H. Haseler. 1992. "Foodplant Specificity and Biology of Oidaematophorus balanotes (Pterophoridae): A North American Moth Introduced into Australia for the Control of Baccharis halimifolia." Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 46 (3): 195–202). PDF.[nexus deficit]
Nexus externi
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Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Pterophoridas spectant. |
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