Timor

Timor, seu metus,^[1] est motus animi qui inducitur a minatione percipiente ab ente quod variationem efficit in cerebro et functione viscerum et tandem in more, ut puta, fugere vel celare vel derigescere.^[2] Timor irrationalis est phobia.^[3]

Vide etiam paginam fere homonymam: Timora.

Timoris physiologia et psychologia

Perspectio^? inductor^?

Timor stimulis externis internisve induci potest. Stimuli oculorum, stimuli externi exemplum, timorem inducere possunt: stimulus anxifer in cerebro et corticem occipitalem et corpus amygdaloideum responsum neurophysiologicum inducit.^[4] Incendi timorem corpus amygdaloideum magnum momentum habet.^[5] Inter cortices oculorum et corpora amygdaloideia ipsilaterale nexus sunt: homines igitur cum corporis amygdaloidei functione laesa minores timoris reactiones ostendunt.

Timorem sustentare

Psychologia cognitiva

In psychologia cognitiva quoque descriptiones timoris divulgatae sunt. Per exemplum descriptio psychophysiologica^[6] circulum timoris vitiosum ostendit, cui sunt:

stressor internus sive externus
perceptio et interpretatio: "periculosa est"
timor
mutationes physiologicae et corporis reactiones (exempli gratia: sudor, (cordis) palpitationes, inquies)

Deinde haec corporis reactiones ipsae stressores sunt et circulum vitiosum supplent.

Perturbationes

Timor indicium perturbationis sive morbi imponitur:

Pavor nocturnus—forma insomniae (vox "parasomnia") in infantibus^[7], non raro cum somnambulismo
Pavor diurnus—in infantibus, expergefieri ex somno meridiano cum timore

Nexus interni

Notae

↑ Cum significatione simili: anxietas, anxitudo, pavor, terror.
↑ Olsson et Phelps 2007.
↑ Öhman 2000.
↑ Vuilleumier P, Richardson MP, Armony JL, Driver J, Dolan RJ (Nov 2004). "Distant influences of amygdala lesion on visual cortical activation during emotional face processing". Nat Neurosci 7: 1271-7
↑ Aggleton JP (1993). "The contribution of the amygdala to normal and abnormal emotional states". Trends Neurosci 16: 328-33
↑ Margraf J, Ehlers A (1989). Etiological Models of Panic - Psychophysiological and Cognitive Aspects, in: Panic Disorder: Theory, Research and Therapie, Ed. Baker R. pp. 205-31 .
↑ Van Horn N. L., Street M. (2018). Night Terrors,StatPearls Publishing.

Bibliographia

Öhman, A. 2000. "Fear and anxiety: Evolutionary, cognitive, and clinical perspectives." In Handbook of emotions, ed. M. Lewis et J. M. Haviland-Jones, 573–93. Novi Eboraci: The Guilford Press.
Olsson, A. et E. A. Phelps. 2007. "Social learning of fear." Nature Neuroscience 10 (9): 1095–1128. PMID 17726475.

[1] Cum significatione simili: anxietas, anxitudo, pavor, terror.

[2] Olsson et Phelps 2007.

[3] Öhman 2000.

[4] Vuilleumier P, Richardson MP, Armony JL, Driver J, Dolan RJ (Nov 2004). "Distant influences of amygdala lesion on visual cortical activation during emotional face processing". Nat Neurosci 7: 1271-7

[5] Aggleton JP (1993). "The contribution of the amygdala to normal and abnormal emotional states". Trends Neurosci 16: 328-33

[6] Margraf J, Ehlers A (1989). Etiological Models of Panic - Psychophysiological and Cognitive Aspects, in: Panic Disorder: Theory, Research and Therapie, Ed. Baker R. pp. 205-31 .

[7] Van Horn N. L., Street M. (2018). Night Terrors,StatPearls Publishing.

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