Praeludium et fuga

Praeludium et fuga una sunt forma musica plerumque in binis movimentis in eadem voculatiome pro clavitura consistens. Iunctura praeludii et fugae in musica classica diu adhibetur. Multi compositores opera huius generis composuerunt, saepe a Das Wohltemperirte Clavier ('Clavitura bene temperata') moti, duobus libris praeludiorum et fugarum ab Ioanne Sebastiano Bachio annis 1722 et 1742 proprie confectis. Bachius autem non fuit primus qui talis opera composuerit, quia Ioannes Caspar Ferdinandus Fischer circulum operum viginti voculationum in Ariadne musica, compositione anno 1702 edita, conscripsit. Nonnulli quidem compositores collectiones operum in omnibus viginti quattuor voculationibus maioribus et minoribus positorum confecerunt, quibus collectionibus sunt viceni quaterni praeludia fugaeque aut viceni quaterni praeludia sola. Primo huius paris movimento alternus titulus esse potest, ut omnis titulus sit phantasia et fuga vel toccata et fuga.

Titulus primi libri Das Wohltemperirte Clavier. Compositoris holographum.

Initium Praeludii et fugae in E minore Ioannis Sebastiani Bachii (BWV 548) in partitura sua manu scripta.

Titulus primae editionis impressae Phantasiae et fugae in chorale "Ad nos, ad salutarem undam" Francisci Liszt.

Opera

Opera sequentia formam praeludii et fugae adhibent, aliquando stricte aliquando laxe.

• Ioannis Sebastiani Bachii
  • Praeludium (Toccata) et Fuga in E maiore, BWV 566 (ca. 1705)
  • Praeludium et Fuga in A minore, BWV 543 (1708–1717)
  • Praeludium et Fuga in B minore, BWV 544
  • Praeludium et Fuga in C minore, BWV 546
  • Praeludium et Fuga in E minore, BWV 548
  • Das Wohltemperirte Clavier, libri I et II (1722 et 1742)
• Leonardi Bernstein Prelude, Fugue, and Riffs (1949)
• Beniamini Britten Praeludium et Fuga in Thema Victoriae pro organo (1946)
• Ioannis Casparis Ferdinandi Fischer Ariadne musica (1702)
• Caesaris Franck Praeludium, Chorale, et Fuga (1884)
• Pauli Hindemith Ludus Tonalis (1942)
• Francisci Liszt:
  • Fantasia et Fuga in Chorale Ad nos ad salutarem undam (1850)
  • Fantasia et Fuga in Thema B-A-C-H (1855, retractata 1870)
• Maximiliani Reger Introductio, Passacalia, et Fuga
• Demetrii Šostakovič 24 Praeludia et Fugae, Op. 87 (1950–51)
• Opus incertum (olim Ioanni Sebastiano Bachio tributum): Octo praeludia et fugae breves

Compositores

Compositores sequentes, quorum omnes saeculis undevicensimo et vicensimo vivebant et musicam componebant, hanc formam adhibere solebant.

• Marcus Alburger (12 Topical Preludes and Fugues)
• Algernon Ashton
• Marius Castelnuovo-Tedesco
• David Cope (48 Preludes and Fugues)
• David Diamond (52 Preludes and Fugues)
• Hiroshi Hara
• Ioannes Huber
• Alexander Iakovtchouk
• David Johnson (12 Preludes and Fugues)
• Demetrius Kabalevsky (6 Preludes and Fugues pro clavile, Op. 61, 1958–59)
• Nicolaus Kapustin (24 Preludes and Fugues, Op. 82, 1997)
• A. A. Klengel
• Trygve Madsen (24 Preludes and Fugues pro clavile Op. 101)
• Henricus Martin
• Felix Mendelssohn
• Bruce Cameron Munson
• Franciscus Tveor Nordensten
• Igor Rekhin (natus Tambov in urbe Russica anno 1941) (24 Preludes and Fugues for Solo Guitar, 1990)
• Camillus Saint-Saëns (3 Preludes and Fugues, Opp. 99 & 109)
• Rodion Shchedrin (24 Preludes and Fugues pro clavile, 1964 et 1970)
• Sergius Slonimsky (24 Preludes and Fugues pro clavile, 1994)
• Demetrius Šostakovič (24 Preludes and Fugues, Op. 87, 1950–51)
• Andersen Viana (Sinfonia Amerindia / Prelude and Fugue)
• Vsevolod Zaderatsky (4 Preludes and Fugues, 1937–39)

Bibliographia

• Dehmel, J. 1989. Toccata und Präludium in der Orgelmusik von Merulo bis Bach. Cassel.
• Dietrich, F. 1931. "Analogie-formen in Bachs Tokkaten und Präludien für die Orgel." Bach-Jahrbuch 28: 51–71. ISSN 0084-7682. OCLC 224561758.
• Ledbetter, David. 2002. Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier: the 48 preludes and fugues. Portu Novi: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09707-7.
• Mazullo, Mark. 2010. Shostakovich's Preludes and Fugues: Contexts, Style, Performance. Portu Novo: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-14943-2.
• Plutalov, Denis. 2010. "Dmitry Shostakovich's Twenty-Four Preludes and Fugues, op. 87: An analysis and critical evaluation of the printed edition based on the composer's recorded performance." Dissertatio PhD, Universitas Nebrascae.
• Wolff, Christoph. 1985. "Präludium (Toccata) und Sonata: Formbildung und Gattungstradition in der Orgelmusik Buxtehudes und seines Kreises." In Orgel, Orgelmusik, und Orgelspiel: Festschrift Michael Schneider zum 75. Geburtstag, ed. Christoph Wolff, 55–64. Cassel.
• Ursova, Tanya. 2005. "Shostakovich's 24 Preludes and Fugues, Op. 87: Subtexts in Context." DSCH Journal 22 (Ianuarius).
• Zenatti, Arlette. 1965. "Le prélude dans la musique profane de clavier en France au xviiie siècle." Recherche 5.

Nexus interni

• Thema BACH