Mammalia

-2 Latinitas huius rei dubia est. Corrige si potes. Vide {{latinitas}}.

Mammālia^[1] (-ium, n.) sunt classis animalium vertebratorum quae habent glandulas mammales, quibus feminae lactant et partum nutriunt; quae praeterea habent neocorticem regionem cerebri, pilos vel comas, denique tria ossa mediae auris. Sic distinguuntur mammalia ab reptilibus avibusque, a quibus aevo Triassico inferiore, abhinc annorum circiter ducentas milliones orta sunt. Sunt plus quam quinque milia specierum mammalium. Maximi ordines sunt Rodentia (ut mures), Chiroptera (vespertiliones), Soricomorpha (ut sorices), deinde Primates (ut homines et simiae), Cetartiodactyla (ut balaenae, boves, sues), Carnivora (ut feles, canes, phocae).

Modo horologii a laeva superiore: Giraffa camelopardalis, Acerodon jubatus, Panthera leo, erinaceina

Animalia — Chordata

Subphylum : Vertebrata
Infraphylum : Gnathostomata
Superclassis : Tetrapoda
Classis : Mammalia
Linnaeus, 1758

Palaeontologia

220–0 m.a.: Triassicum superius > Recens

Subdivisiones: Cladi

*Subclassis †Allotheria

Subclassis Prototheria
Subclassis Theria
- Infraclassis †Trituberculata
- Infraclassis Metatheria
- Infraclassis Eutheria

Mammalia sola inter animalia cladi Synapsidorum exstant, quae una cum Sauropsidis (reptilibus avibusque) cladum Amniotorum componunt. Mammalia et Dinosauria (ita aves quoque) sunt amniota endothermica, eo quod temperaturam corporis modis internis temperant; haec proprietas separatim, per evolutionem convergentem, orta est.

Nonnulla mammalia glandulea sudiferas habent, sed pleraque non habent. Cerebrum systemata endothermica et circulationem sanguinis gubernat, etiam cor quattuor cameris.

Classis mammalium comprehendit plus quam 5400 species in circiter mille ducentis generibus, centum quinquaginta tribus familiis, et undetriginta ordinibus (qui numeri pro schemate classificationis vacillant).

Mammalia magnitudine pertinent a Craseonyctere thonglongyai, 29–33 mm longo, usque ad Balaenopteram musculum, 33 metra longum.

Cladogramma recensere

Mammalia

	Afrotheria

	Xenarthra

Boreoeutheria

Euarchontoglires

	Euarchonta

	Glires

	Cetartiodactyla

	Perissodactyla

Ferae

	Pholidota

	Carnivora

Hoc cladogramma Tarver et aliis (2016) nititur.^[2]

Notae recensere

↑ Nomen "mammalia" a Linnaeo anno 1758 excogitatum est. Vide Systema Naturae (10a ed., Holmiae, 1758) p. 12.
↑ Tarver, James E.; dos Reis, Mario; Mirarab, Siavash; Moran, Raymond J.; Parker, Sean; O’Reilly, Joseph E.; King, Benjamin L.; O’Connell, Mary J. et al (2016). "The Interrelationships of Placental Mammals and the Limits of Phylogenetic Inference". Genome Biology and Evolution 8 (2): 330–344

Bibliographia recensere

Beck, Robin M. D., et Charles Baillie. 2018. Improvements in the fossil record may largely resolve current conflicts between morphological and molecular estimates of mammal phylogeny. In Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological sciences 285 (12 Decembris).
Brown, W. M. 2001. Natural selection of mammalian brain components. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16(9): 471–473. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02246-7.
MacDonald, David W., et Sasha Norris. 2006. The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Ed. 3a. Londinii: Brown Reference Group. ISBN 978-0-681-45659-4. OCLC 74900519.
McKenna, Malcolm C., et Susan K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals above the Species Level. Novi Eboraci: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11013-6. OCLC 37345734.
Nowak, Ronald M. 1999. Walker's mammals of the world. Ed. 6a. Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-5789-8. OCLC 937619124.
Pires, Mathias M., Brian D. Rankin, Daniele Silvestro, et Tiago B. Quental. 2018. Diversification dynamics of mammalian clades during the K–Pg mass extinction. Biology Letters 14: 9 (1 Septembris 2018).
Simpson, George Gaylord. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 85: 1–350.
Vaughan, Terry A., James M. Ryan, et Nicholas J. Capzaplewski. 2000. Mammalogy. Editio 4a. Arx Worthensis Texiae: Saunders College Publishing. ISBN 978-0-03-025034-7. OCLC 42285340.