Lingua Malagasiensis
Lingua Malagasiensis[1] est lingua Austronesica et lingua nationalis Madagascariae, ubi prima lingua inter plurimos homines in usu est, et inter nonnullos ex populo Malagasiensi qui alibi habitant.
Classificatio recensere
Lingua Malagasiensis est occidentalissimum rami Malaico-Polynesici familiae linguarum Austronesicarum membrum.[2] Differentiae inter quod et proximas linguas Africanas anno 1708 ab Adriano Reland, auctore Nederlandico observatae sunt.[3] Ad linguas Indonesiae, Malaesiae, et Philippinarum, et ad alias linguas Malaico-Polynesicas pertinet, adeo artius ad linguas Barito orientales in usu in Borneo, praeter eius morphophonemicas Polynesicas.[4] Secundum Rogerium Blench (2010), prima Malagasianae forma in usu in Madagascaria substrata non-Austronesiana habere potest.[5]
Numeri recensere
| Numeri decimales | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAN, circa 4000 a.C.n. | *isa | *DuSa | *telu | *Sepat | *lima | *enem | *pitu | *walu | *Siwa | *puluq |
| Tagalog | isá | dalawá | tatló | ápat | limá | ánim | pitó | waló | siyám | sampu |
| Ilocana | maysá | dua | talló | uppát | limá | inném | pitó | waló | siam | sangapúlo |
| Caebuana | usá | duhá | tuló | upat | limá | unom | pitó | waló | siyám | napulu |
| Chamoruana | maisa/håcha | hugua | tulu | fatfat | lima | gunum | fiti | guålu | sigua | månot/fulu |
| Malaica | satu | dua | tiga[6] | empat | lima | enam | tujuh | lapan | sembilan | sepuluh |
| Iavanica | siji | loro | telu | papat | limo | nem | pitu | wolu | songo | sepuluh |
| Vitiana | dua | rua | tolu | vā | lima | ono | vitu | walu | ciwa | tini |
| Tongana | taha | ua | tolu | fā | nima | ono | fitu | valu | hiva | -fulu |
| Samoana | tasi | lua | tolu | fā | lima | ono | fitu | valu | iva | sefulu |
| Maoriana | tahi | rua | toru | whā | rima | ono | whitu | waru | iwa | tekau[7] |
| Tahitiana | hō'ē | piti | toru | maha | pae | ono | hitu | va'u | iva | 'ahuru |
| Marquesana | e tahi | e 'ua | e to'u | e fa | e 'ima | e ono | e fitu | e va'u | e iva | 'onohu'u |
| Havaiana | kahi | lua | kolu | hā | lima | ono | hiku | walu | iwa | -'umi |
| Malagasiana | iray | roa | telo | efatra | dimy | enina | fito | valo | sivy | folo |
Notae recensere
- ↑ Cf. binomina Harpiosquilla malagasiensis, Lygdamis malagasiensis, Iridometra malagasiensis, Nostoceras malagasiense.
- ↑ Malagasy's family tree on Ethnologue
- ↑ New palaeozoogeographical evidence for the settlement of Madagascar.
- ↑ Wittmann, Henri (1972). "Le caractère génétiquement composite des changements phonétiques du malgache." Proceedings of the International Congress of Phonetic Sciences 7.807-10. La Haye: Mouton. PDF.
- ↑ Blench et Walsh 2010.
- ↑ In inscriptione Kedukan Bukit, numerus tlu ratus 300 apparet, tlu tres, in quodam situ interretiali telu appellatur tres Malaice, quamquam usus veri telu rarissimus est.
- ↑ Verbum archaicum: ngahuru.
Bibliographia recensere
- Biddulph, Joseph. 1997. An Introduction to Malagasy. Pontypridd, Cymru. ISBN 9781897999158.
- Blench, Roger, et Martin Walsh. 2010. The vocabularies of Vazimba and Beosi: Do they represent the languages of the pre-Austronesian populations of Madagascar?
- Houlder, John Alden. 1960. Ohabolana, ou proverbes malgaches. Tananarive: Imprimerie Luthérienne.
- Hurles, Matthew E., et al. 2005. The Dual Origin of the Malagasy in Island Southeast Asia and East Africa: Evidence from Maternal and Paternal Lineages. American Journal of Human Genetics 76:894–901.
- Ricaut et al. 2009. A new deep branch of eurasian mtDNA macrohaplogroup M reveals additional complexity regarding the settlement of Madagascar BMC Genomics.
Nexus externi recensere
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Verba quae insequuntur vicificanda sunt ut rationibus qualitatis et Latinitatis propositis obtemperent. Quaesumus ut paginam emendes. |
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Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad linguam Malagasiensem spectant. |
- Biblia Sacra in Malagasiensem conversa, www.madabibliq.org (1865)
- Bibliographia linguae Malagasiensis cum nexibus, folk.uio.no
- Commentarius de structurae clausarum Malagasiensium, folk.uio.no
- Dictionarium et convertor Malagasiensis-Francica-Anglica, www.encyclopediemalache.org
- Dictionarium Malagasiensis-Anglica, Anglica–Malagasiensis per frequentiam,[nexus deficit] books.google.com
- Dictionarium Malagasiensis–Anglica, www.websters-online-dictionary.org
- Dictionarium Malagasiensis–Francica, www.freelang.com
- Lingua Malagasiensis apud Universitatem Oxoniensem, users.ox.ac.uk
- Malagasy Index Swadeshianus, en.wiktionary.org
- Repositorium datorum verborum Malagasiensium cum sonis pronunciationis, dominicweb.eu
- Vocabularium Malagasiense, wold.livingsources.org (World Loanword Database)