Inguinalis plaga
Inguinalis plaga,[1] sive pestis inguinaria,[2] fuit maxima pandemia in Europa et Asia Antiquitatis posterioris. Qui morbus etiam Iustinianea plaga appellari potest. Re vera, haec plaga genus pestis est, quae orta est anno 541 Pelusi in urbe Aegyptia. Ter Europam et Asiam contrivit: inter annos 541-544, 557-561 et 570-574[3], sed usque ad saeculum VIII continuavit.
De origine recensere
Ob parvum tempus frigidum[4] ratti cum pulicibus (yersiniam pestis ferentes), ab Aethiopia per vallem Nili usque ad Alexandriam venerunt. Deinde in navibus frumentariis per Imperium orientale ratti pulicosi navigaverunt, et in urbibus Romanorum incolas infecerunt plaga.
Fontes recensere
- Procopii Caesarensis, Bella, II, xxii-xxxiii. (versio interretialis Anglice scripta)
Notae recensere
- ↑ Chronica Caesaraugustana, s.a. 542; Iohannis Biclarensis Chronica, s.a. 572,
- ↑ Pauli Diaconi Historia Langobardorum IV.4
- ↑ Rosen 2007: 220.
- ↑ Rosen 2007: 200-3
Bibliographia recensere
- Benedictow, O. (2009) The Justinianic Plague Pandemic: Progress and Problems. Early Science and Medicine, 14(4), 543-548. JSTOR
- Feldman, Harbeck, Keller, Spyrou, Rott, Trautmann, et al. (2016) "A High-Coverage Yersinia pestis Genome from a Sixth-Century Justinianic Plague Victim". Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33(11), 2911-2923.
- Gruber, H. (2018) Indirect Evidence for the Social Impact of the Justinianic Pandemic: Episcopal Burial and Conciliar Legislation in Visigothic Hispania. Journal of Late Antiquity, 11(1), 193-215. Prima pagina
- Harbeck, M., Seifert, L., Hänsch, S., Wagner, D., Birdsell, D., Parise, K., et al. (2013) "Yersinia pestis DNA from Skeletal Remains from the 6 th Century AD Reveals Insights into Justinianic Plague" in PLOS One vol. 9(5), E1003349.
- Haldon, J., Elton, H., Huebner, S., Izdebski, A., Mordechai, L., & Newfield, T. (2018) "Plagues, climate change, and the end of an empire: A response to Kyle Harper's The Fate of Rome (3): Disease, agency, and collapse". History Compass, 16(12)
- Keller, Marcel et al. 2019. "Ancient Yersinia pestis genomes from across Western Europe reveal early diversification during the First Pandemic (541–750)" in PNAS vol. 116 no. 25 (18 Iunii 2019) pp. 12363-12372
- Little, L. (2007) Plague and the end of antiquity : The pandemic of 541-750. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. Textus
- Maas, M. (2005) The Cambridge companion to the Age of Justinian, Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press.
- Meier, M. (2016) The ‘Justinianic Plague’: The economic consequences of the pandemic in the eastern Roman empire and its cultural and religious effects. Early Medieval Europe, 24(3), 267-292.
- Newfield, T. (2016) "Mysterious and Mortiferous Clouds: The Climate Cooling and Disease Burden of Late Antiquity". Late Antique Archaeology, 12(1), 89-115.
- Roberts, C. (2012) Climate change and the Justinianic Plague: An intercomparison of high-resolution lake sediment and documentary records. Quaternary International, 279-280, 407.
- Rosen, William (2007) Justinian's Flea: Plague, Empire, and the Birth of Europe. Viking Adult.
- Sarris, P. (2002). The Justinianic plague: Origins and effects. Continuity and Change, 17(2), 169-182.
- Wagner, David M. & al. (2014) "Yersinia pestis and the Plague of Justinian 541–543 AD: a genomic analysis" in The Lancet: Infectious Diseases vol. 14 no. 4 (1 Aprilis 2014) pp. 319-326