Sol
The Sun
Observation data
Mean distance from
Earth
149.6×106 km
(92.95×106 mi)
(8.31 minutes at the Speed of Light)
Visual brightness (V) −26.8m
Absolute magnitude 4.8m
Orbital characteristics
Mean distance from
Milky Way core
2.5×1017 km
(26000 light-years)
Galactic period 2.26×108 a
Velocity 217 km/s
Physical characteristics
Diameter 1.392×106 km
(109 Earths)
Oblateness 9×10−6
Surface area 6.09×1012 km²
(11 900 Earths)
Volume 1.41×1018 km³
(1 300 000 Earths)
Mass 1.9891×1030 kg

(332 950 Earths)

Density 1.408 g/cm³
Surface gravity 273.95 m s-2

(27.9 g)

Escape velocity
from the surface
617.54 km/s
Surface temperature 5780 K
Temperature of corona 5 MK
Core temperature ~13.6 MK
Luminosity (Lsol) 3.827×1026 W
3.9×1028 lm
or 100 lm/W efficacy
Mean Intensity (Isol) 2.009×107 W m-2 sr-1
Rotation characteristics
Obliquity 7.25°
(to the ecliptic)
67.23°
(to the galactic plane)
Right ascension
of North pole 1
286.13°
(19 h 4 min 30 s)
Declination
of North pole
+63.87°
(63°52' North)
Rotation period
at equator
25.3800 days
(25 d 9 h 7 min 13 s) 1
Rotation velocity
at equator
7174 km/h
Photospheric composition (by mass)
(All in the plasma state)
Hydrogenium 73.46 %
Helium 24.85 %
Oxygenium 0.77 %
Carbonium 0.29 %
Ferrum 0.16 %
Neon 0.12 %
Nitrogenium 0.09 %
Silicium 0.07 %
Magnesium 0.05 %
Sulfur 0.04 %