Diaeresis (metrica)
Vide etiam paginam discretivam: Diaeresis.
Diaeresis (a Graeco διαίρεσις 'divisio') est in poesi Graeco-Latina versus in cola sive membra divisio, in qua caesura in finem pedis incidit.[1] Constat huius modi incisiones necessitati grammaticae (sicut pausae syntacticae, pausae sensus) congruere. Notissimum diaeresis genus diaeresis bucolica dicitur. Bucolica est, quia praesertim apud Romanos antiquos plurimum in carminibus bucolicis apparet.
Servius diaeresin bucolicam hoc modo definit: "Bucolicum constat hexametro catalectico, ita ut quartus dactylus partem determinet orationis,"[2] suumque adfert exemplum:
- Rustica silvestres resonat bene fistula cantus.
Qui versus hac formula metrica describi potest:
- — ∪∪ — — — | ∪∪ — ∪∪ ∥ — ∪∪ — ∪
ubi "|" caesuram semiquinariam, "∥" diaeresin bucolicam denotat. Alia exempla:
- Polli(o) et ipse facit | nova carmina: ∥ pascite taurum (Verg. Buc. 3.86).
- Dum fiscella tibi | fluviali ∥ Tityre iunco (Nemesianus 1.1).
Homeri Odyssea diaeresi bucolica incipit:
- Ἄνδρα μοι ἔννεπε, Μοῦσα, | πολύτροπον,∥ ὃς μάλα πολλὰ 'virum mihi, Camena, insece versutum,[3] qui permulta ...' (Od. 1.1).
Notae
recensere- ↑ Aristid.Quint. De musica 1.24; Allen (1973: 114).
- ↑ Serv. De centum metris 461.12-14.
- ↑ Latine reddidit Livius Andronicus (Odusia, frg.1.1)
Bibliographia
recensere- Allen, W. Sydney (1973) Accent and Rhythm: Prosodic Features of Latin and Greek: Study in Theory and Reconstruction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Shipley, Frederick W. (1924) Hiatus, elision, caesura, in Virgil's hexameter. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association 55, 137-158.
- ——————— (1938) Problems of the Latin hexameter. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association 69, 134-160.
- Soubiran, Jean (1966) Ponctuation bucolique et liaison syllabique en grec et en latin. Pallas 13, 21-52.