In natura imprimis quinque nucleobases inveniuntur, ex quibus intra [[ADN]] quattuor quinque inveniuntur: [[guaninum]], [[adeninum]], [[cytosinum]], [[thyminum]]. Nuper synthesis [[ADN Hachimojienseoctonarium|ADN ''Hachimojiensis'']] (ADN octonarii) dicti, ADN tantum ex adhuc incognitis nucleobasibus constitutum, ''[[isoguaninum|isoguanino]]'' enim et ''6-amino-5-nitropyridino-2-olo'' et ''[[1-methylocytosinum|1-methylocytosino]]'' et ''2-aminoimidazo[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazino-4(1H)-ono'' (dS)<ref>in [[ARN]]: [[isocytosinum]] (rS)</ref>), consecuta est<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Hoshika S., Leal N. A., Kim M. J., Kim M. S., Karalkar N. B., Kim H. J., Bates A. M., Watkins N. E. Jr., SantaLucia H. A., Meyer A. J., et asl. |title=Hachimoji DNA and RNA: A genetic system with eight building blocks |journal=Science |year=2019 |volume=363 |issue=6429 |pages=884-7 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30792304}}</ref>.
