Formula:Citatio libris/doc

Haec est subpagina documentationis de "Formula:Citatio libris". Haec subpagina informationes categoriasque et alias res continet quae in pagina principali respectiva non continentur.

Formula:Important This template is used to cite sources in Wikipedia. It is specifically for books. This template replaces the deprecated {{book reference}}. When citing an article in a compilation or anthology, {{cite journal}} works better.

Usage

All field names must be in lowercase.

Copy a blank version to use. Remember to use the "|" (pipe) character between each field. Please delete any unused fields to avoid clutter in the edit window.

No templates or magic words are necessary when using an ISBN, OCLC number, or DOI as an identifier. Instead of using the id field in these instances, simply use the appropriate field. For instance, type isbn= followed by the number instead of id=ISBN. Templates are available for other identification number types to be used in the ID field ({{ISSN}}, {{LCCN}}, {{LCC}}, etc.) if these aren't available. See also the complete description of fields.

Full version (copy and paste text below and delete parameters you don't need)
{{cite book |cognomen1= |praenomen1= |auctorlink1= |cognomen2= |praenomen2= |editor1-praenomen= |editor1-cognomen= |editor1-link= |alius= |titulus= |trans_titulus= |url= |format= |accessdate= |editio= |series= |volumen= |date= |annus= |month= |origannus= |factor= |locus= |lingua= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |id= |pagina= |paginae= |trans_caput= |caput= |caputurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= |laysummary= |laydate= |separator= |postscript= |ultimusauctoramp=}}
Most commonly used fields (use this and you won't have to delete as much)
{{cite book |titulus= |cognomen= |praenomen= |auctorlink= |coauctors= |annus= |factor= |locus= |isbn= |pagina= |paginae= |url= |accessdate=}}
Example 1	{{cite book |cognomen= Cordell |praenomen= Bruce R. |coauctores= Jeff Grubb, David Yu |titulus= [[Manual of the Planes]] |factor= [[Wizards of the Coast]] |annus= 2001 |month= September |isbn= 0-7869-1850-8}}	. September. ISBN 0-7869-1850-8
Example 2	{{cite book |cognomen = Mumford |praenomen = David |auctorlink = David Mumford |titulus = The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes |factor = [[Springer-Verlag]] |series = Lecture notes in mathematics 1358 |annus = 1999 |doi = 10.1007/b62130 |isbn = 354063293X}}	. Lecture notes in mathematics 1358. ISBN 354063293X

Vertical list	Prerequisites *	Brief instructions
{{cite book |cognomen= |praenomen= |auctormask= |auctorlink= |coauctors= |praenomenn= |cognomenn= |auctorn-link= |editor= |editorn-cognomen= |editorn-praenomen= |editor-link= |editorn-link= |alius= |titulus= |trans_titulus= |url= |format= |accessdate= |editio= |series= |volumen= |date= |origannus= |annus= |month= |factor= |locus= |lingua= |isbn= |oclc= |doi= |bibcode= |id= |pagina= |paginae= |nopp= |caput= |trans_caput= |caputurl= |quote= |ref= |laysummary= |laydate= |separator= |postscript= |ultimusauctoramp= }}	cognomen   cognomen cognomen   cognomenn       editor or editor-cognomen editorn-cognomen         url url         annus or date   annus   factor                 pagina or paginae     caput       laysummary     coauctores or >1 cognomenn	(no wikilink) (no wikilink)     alternative to praenomen2, cognomen2...praenomen9, cognomen9 (no wikilink). n=1 through 9 n=1 through 9   n=1 through 4 n=1 through 4   n=1 through 4       insert url of online version of the book or an extract, if available           †preferred (no wikilink)    alternative to date          always include ISBN if one has been assigned             hides automatic 'p' or 'pp'. ‡(no wikilink). Synonymous with "contribution".

† This is the preferred field with its alternates listed below.

‡ If |caputurl= is provided then |caput= can not have wikilinks.

Fields

Wikilinks

Except where specifically prohibited in the field descriptions below, most fields can be wikilinked (e.g. titulus = [[book article|book title]]), but should generally only be linked to an existing Wikipedia article. Wikilinked fields must escape the characters <>[]{} rather than including them directly.

Description of fields

Syntax (for the technical-minded)

Nested fields rely on their parent fields:

• parent
• OR: parent2 — may be used instead of parent
  • child — may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
  • OR: child2 — may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)

Description

• cognomen: Surname of author. Don't wikilink (use auctorlink instead).
  • praenomen: First name(s) of author, including title(s) (e.g. Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Snr.). Don't wikilink (use auctorlink instead).
    • The 'cognomen' and 'praenomen' fields are not ideally suited to authors whose surname is usually written first (e.g. as in Chinese). Use the same format as the source uses to handle these cases.
  • Formula:AuctorMask doc See Examples for typical usage.
  • auctorlink: Title of Wikipedia article about author (not the author's personal website). Article should already exist. Must not be wikilinked itself. Do not use this on its own, but along with auctor or praenomen and cognomen.
  • coauctores: Full name of additional author or authors, separated by ", " (e.g. Joe Bloggs, John F. Kennedy, H. R. Dent).
    • Whether the surname of the co-authors goes first or last is dependent on the citation style (see the citation style section below) preferred.
• OR: auctor: Full name of author, preferably surname first. (deprecated) Don't wikilink (use auctorlink instead).
• OR: for multiple authors, use the fields praenomen1, cognomen1, ...,praenomenn, cognomenn to 'correctly' record all the information about the book (the first nine authors are printed, then et al. is appended if even more authors were specified). Don't wikilink as there are corresponding auctorlink1, ..., auctorlink9 fields as well. This usage is preferred to the use of coauctores.
• editor: Name of editor/editors. Do not Wikilink any values in the editor field but use editor-link instead. The template automatically adds "ed." after the editor's name unless the caput parameter is used in which case the template adds "in" before the editor's name which appears after the chapter and before the title. This implies that the author is responsible only for part of the book (including the cited chapter) and the editor responsible for the whole book. If, however, the author(s) and editor(s) are responsible for the whole book, then the editor field or its alternates described below should not be used if the caput field is being used. Instead, the editor(s) should be included in an auctor field with possibly "(ed.)" after the surname(s). Alternatively, the editor field may be used if the chapter detail is included in the titulus field instead of using the caput field.
• OR: alternatively editor-praenomen and editor-cognomen can be used in the same way as praenomen and cognomen.
• OR: for multiple editors up to four in number, use the fields editor1-praenomen, editor1-cognomen, ...,editorn-praenomen, editorn-cognomen to 'correctly' record all the information about the book in the same way as praenomenn and cognomenn.
  • editor-link or editor1-link...editorn-link is used in the same way as auctorlink or auctorlinkn.
• alius: To record other contributors to the work, such as "illustrated by Smith" or "trans. Smith".
• titulus: Title of book. This is the only required parameter. Can be wikilinked but only to an existing Wikipedia article. Do not use italics.
  • trans_titulus: If the book cited is in a foreign language, a Latin translation of the title can be given here. The template will display this in square brackets after the titulus field and it will point to the url link, if used. Use of lingua parameter is recommended if this parameter is used.
• url: URL of an online location where text of the book can be found. Cannot be used if you wikilinked titulus. If applicable, should point to the specific page(s) referenced. Do not use this field to link to any commercial booksellers (such as Amazon.com). The ISBN link is a much better alternative which allows readers access to the books in their own countries or through their own choice of source, including Amazon, Google Books, thousands of libraries, and more.
  • format: Format, e.g. PDF. HTML implied if not specified.
  • accessdate: Full date when url was accessed. Should be used when url field is used. Should be in the same format as other dates in citations in the same article. Must not be wikilinked.
• editio: When the book has more than one edition. e.g.: "2nd.", "Revised" etc.. Note that the template automatically displays " ed." after this field, so editio=2nd produces "2nd ed.".
• series: When the book is part of a series of publications
• volumen: For one book published in several volumes. However, this template displays the text in this field in bold type after the titulus and series parameters. An alternative is to include the volume information in the titulus field after the main title (see example below). (NB: there is a separate {{Cite encyclopedia}} template).
• date: Full date of publication edition being referenced, in the same format as other dates in citations in the same article. Must not be wikilinked.
• OR: annus: Year of publication edition being referenced
  • month: Name of the month of publication. If you also have the day, use date instead. Must not be wikilinked.
  • origannus: Original publication year, for display alongside the date or year. For clarity, please supply specifics, for instance origannus=First published 1859 or origannus=Composed 1904. This parameter only displays if a there is a value for annus or date.
• factor: Publisher should not include corporate designation such as "Ltd" or "Inc".
  • locus: Geographical place of publication.
• lingua: The language the book is written in, if it is not Latin. The template automatically puts parentheses around the text and adds "in" before the language name.
• isbn: International Standard Book Number such as 1-111-22222-9. Note that |isbn=, like all field names, must be in lowercase. The field must not be wikilinked as the template automatically creates a link. The template is insensitive to formatting so an ISBN number without dashes ("-") may be used (e.g. |isbn=1111222229). Please use the 13-digit ISBN where possible; this can normally be found beneath the barcode as a number beginning 978 or 979. For books with the older SBN system (9 digits), use this field but prefix the number with a zero; thus SBN 902888 45 5 should be entered as |isbn=0 902888 45 5. More information about this feature and its advantages is available at Wikipedia:ISBN.
• oclc: Online Computer Library Center ID number, such as 3185581. The field must not be wikilinked as the template automatically creates a link.
• doi: A digital object identifier such as 10.1016/j.coi.2004.08.001. The field must not be wikilinked as the template automatically creates a link.
• bibcode: A nineteen character Bibcode identifier. The field must not be wikilinked as the template automatically creates a link.
• id: A unique identifier, used if none of the above are applicable. In this case, you need to specify the kind of identifier you are using, preferably with a template like {{ASIN}} or {{ISSN}}. (Use one of the more specialized parameters if possible; they are linked automatically. In other words, don't use |id=ISBN 1-111-22222-9 anymore; use |isbn=1-111-22222-9. If the book has a SBN but not an ISBN, see |isbn=.)
• paginae or pagina: These parameters are for listing the pages relevant to the citation, not the total number of pages in the book. "|paginae= 5–7" produces "pp. 5–7", while "|pagina= 5" produces "p. 5". The "pp." notation indicating multiple pages, and "p." notation indicating a single page, are placed automatically when you choose between the plural (paginae) or singular (pagina) form of the parameter.
  • nopp: using "pagina" or "paginae", automatically places the p. or pp. notations. If this is inappropriate—for instance, if pagina=Front cover, placing any value after nopp (e.g. nopp=y will hide the p. or pp. notation.
• caput (= contribution): The chapter of the book, written in full. Punctuation other than quotes should be included in the value passed to the parameter, e.g. |caput=Chapter 12: Meet Dick and Jane. produces "Chapter 12: Meet Dick and Jane." ahead of titulus.
  • trans_caput: Acts in the same way as trans_titulus. The field will be displayed in square brackets within the quotation marks which embrace the caput field. Use of lingua parameter is recommended if this parameter is used.
  • caputurl: URL of an individual chapter of online book. Should be at the same site as url, if any.
• quote: Relevant quote from the book.
• ref: ID for anchor. By default, no anchor is generated. The ordinary nonempty value |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID; such a linkable reference can be made the target of wikilinks to full references, especially useful in short citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value |ref=harv generates an anchor suitable for the {{harv}} template; see anchors for Harvard referencing templates. See "Wikilinks to full references" in Examples below for using the ref field in citation templates in conjunction with short <ref>...</ref> citations.
• laysummary: Link to a non-technical summary (or review) of the book
  • laydate: Date of summary
• separator: The separator to use in lists of authors, editors, etc. Defaults to ".", but "," may be useful also.
• postscript: The closing punctuation for the citation. Defaults to ".", but "" may be useful also.
• ultimusauctoramp: The separator to use between the last two names in lists of authors. Defaults to "", but "&" may be useful as well.

Examples

Just a title

* {{cite book | titulus=Mysterious book }}

•  

Year and title

* {{cite book | titulus=Mysterious book | annus=1901 }}

•  

Basic usage

* {{cite book | praenomen=Joe | cognomen=Bloggs | auctorlink=Joe Bloggs | annus=1974 | titulus=Book of Bloggs }}

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Basic usage with url

* {{cite book | cognomen=Bloggs | praenomen=Joe | auctorlink=Joe Bloggs | annus=1974 | titulus=Book of Bloggs | editio=1st | url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ | accessdate=2006-02-17 }}

•  

Citing a chapter in a book with different authors for different chapters and an editor

* {{cite book |cognomen=Bloggs | praenomen=Fred |editor-praenomen=John| editor-cognomen=Doe |titulus=Big Compilation Book With Many Chapters and distinct chapter authors |factor=Book Publishers |date=2001-01-01 |paginae=100-110 |caput=Chapter 2: The History Of The Bloggs Family |isbn=1234567890}}

• . 2001-01-01. ISBN 1234567890 

Citing a chapter in a book with two joint authors and an editor

* {{cite book |cognomen1=Bloggs | praenomen1=Joe| cognomen2=Egg| praenomen2=Fred| praenomen3=John (ed.)| cognomen3=Doe |titulus=Big Book With Many Chapters and two co-authors |factor=Book Publishers |date=2001-01-01 ||origannus=1st. Pub. 1986|paginae=100-110 |caput=Chapter 6: Getting There| caputurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/ |isbn=1234567890| ultimusauctoramp=y}}

• . 2001-01-01. ISBN 1234567890 

Three authors, title with a piped wikilink, edition

* {{cite book | cognomen1=Bloggs | praenomen1=Joe | auctorlink=Joe Bloggs | praenomen2=John | cognomen2=Smith | praenomen3=Jim | cognomen3=Smythe | titulus=[[A Thousand Acres|1000 Acres]] | editio=2nd }}

•  

Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and ultimusauctoramp parameter

Without volume and ultimusauctoramp parameters:

*{{cite book|praenomen1=Major-General I.S.O.| cognomen1=Playfair| auctorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair| praenomen2=Commander G.M.S| cognomen2=Stitt| praenomen3=Brigadier C.J.C.| cognomen3=Molony| praenomen4=Air Vice-Marshal S.E.| cognomen4=Toomer| editor-praenomen=J.R.M| editor-cognomen=Butler| series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| titulus=Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941)| factor=Naval & Military Press |locus=Uckfield, UK|annus=2007| origannus=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954| isbn=1-845740-65-3}}

• . History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. ISBN 1-845740-65-3 

With volume and ultimusauctoramp parameters:

*{{cite book|praenomen1=Major-General I.S.O.| cognomen1=Playfair| auctorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair| praenomen2=Commander G.M.S| cognomen2=Stitt| praenomen3=Brigadier C.J.C.| cognomen3=Molony| praenomen4=Air Vice-Marshall S.E.| cognomen4=Toomer| editor-praenomen=J.R.M| editor-cognomen=Butler| series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| titulus=Mediterranean and Middle East|volumen=Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941)| factor=Naval & Military Press |locus=Uckfield, UK|annus=2007| origannus=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954| isbn=1-845740-65-3|ultimusauctoramp=y}}

• . History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. ISBN 1-845740-65-3 

Date without day, wikilinked title and publisher, id, pages, location

* {{cite book | cognomen=Cordell | praenomen=Bruce R. | coauctores=Jeff Grubb, David Noonan | annus=2001 | month=September | titulus=[[Manual of the Planes]] | factor=[[Wizards of the Coast]] | locus=Timbuktu | isbn=0-7869-1850-8 | paginae= 134-137 }}

• . September. ISBN 0-7869-1850-8 

Other language

* {{cite book | cognomen=Bloggs | praenomen=Jean | annus=1974 | titulus=Livre de Bloggs | editio=1st | lingua=French| trans_titulus=Book of Bloggs| url=http://en.wikipedia.org/ | accessdate=2006-02-17 }}

•  

Using auctormask parameter

{{cite book|praenomen1=Major-General I.S.O.| cognomen1=Playfair| auctorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair| cognomen2=Stitt| praenomen2=Commander G.M.S| cognomen3=Molony| praenomen3=Brigadier C.J.C.| cognomen4=Toomer| praenomen4=Air Vice-Marshall S.E.|editor-cognomen=Butler| editor-praenomen=J.R.M| editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler | series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| titulus=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941)| factor=Naval & Military Press |locus=Uckfield, UK|annus=2004| origannus=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1954| isbn=1-845740-65-3| ultimusauctoramp=y}}

{{cite book|praenomen1=Major-General I.S.O.| cognomen1=Playfair| auctorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair| cognomen2=Flynn| praenomen2=Captain F.C. (R.N.)| cognomen3=Molony| praenomen3=Brigadier C.J.C.| cognomen4=Toomer| praenomen4=Air Vice-Marshall S.E.|editor-cognomen=Butler| editor-praenomen=J.R.M| editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| titulus=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans come to the help of their Ally (1941)| factor=Naval & Military Press |locus=Uckfield, UK |annus=2004| origannus=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1956| isbn=1-845740-66-1| ultimusauctoramp=y| auctormask=2}}

{{cite book|praenomen1=Major-General I.S.O.| cognomen1=Playfair| auctorlink1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair| cognomen2=Flynn| praenomen2=Captain F.C. (R.N.)| cognomen3=Molony| praenomen3=Brigadier C.J.C.| cognomen4=Gleave| praenomen4=Group Captain T.P.|editor-cognomen=Butler| editor-praenomen=Sir James| editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| titulus=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942)| factor=Naval & Military Press |locus=Uckfield, UK |annus=2004| origannus=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1960| isbn=1-845740-67-X| ultimusauctoramp=y| auctormask=2}}

. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. ISBN 1-845740-65-3 
. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. ISBN 1-845740-66-1 
. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. ISBN 1-845740-67-X 

Using a DOI

*{{cite book |cognomen=Mumford |praenomen=David |auctorlink=David Mumford |annus=1999 |titulus=The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians |editio=2nd |factor=[[Springer-Verlag]] |doi=10.1007/b62130 |isbn=354063293X }}

• . ISBN 354063293X 

Wikilinks to full references

As mentioned, the bibliographical data of the cited source can be “tagged” by an identifier: this enables the system to “find” the target of the wikilinks. This “tagging” with an identifier can be done by enclosing between <cite id=…>…</cite> tags, but this tool can be superfluous if the bibliographical data are provided with a citation template: the ref field of the chosen citation template must be set to the same name.

Wikilink example edit:

Shamans may fulfill multiple functions, including healing, curing infertile women, and securing the success of hunts.<ref>[[#Mer85|Merkur 1985]]: 4</ref>

== Notes ==

{{reflist|2}}

== References ==

* {{cite book |cognomen=Merkur |praenomen=Daniel |annus=1985 |titulus=Becoming Half Hidden: Shamanism and Initiation among the Inuit |factor=Almqvist & Wiksell |locus=Stockholm |isbn=91-22-00752-0 |ref=Mer85}}

Example rendered result:

Shamans may fulfill multiple functions, including healing, curing infertile women, and securing the success of hunts.

Notes

---

References

---

• . ISBN 91-22-00752-0 

Attention must be paid: not all other citation templates support this. In such cases, the service can be achieved also by enclosing the concerned bibliographical item inside <cite id=…>…</cite> tags: also this way, it can feature as a target of Wikilinks to full references. The id attribute of the tag must be set to the same name what we would give to the (lacking) ref field of the citation template.

Testing

See Template:cite book/regression tests.

Note

Note the extra full-stop when the last author ends with an initial, and there is no date:

•  

We don't know of a practical solution to this — unless there is a way to test the characters of a field?

Citation styles

Established citation styles for coauthors:

• MLA styleFormula:Dl: Last, First and First Last. "If there are more than three authors, you may list only the first author followed by the phrase et al."
• APA styleFormula:Dl: Last, F. & Last, F.
• Chicago Manual of Style: Last, First, and First Last.
• Turabian: same as Chicago Reference List, above.
• HarvardFormula:Dl: Last, F., Last, F. & Last, F.

Tools

See Wikipedia:Citing sources#Tools for a list of tools which can help create a reference in the 'cite book' format.

See also

• {{Cite book}}
• Categoria:Formulae ad citationes
• Citation bot
• Citing sources: Style guide
• Citing sources/example style
• Citation templates: Related templates
• Digital Object Identifier
• Formula:Cite journal
• Formula:Cite web
• WikiProject Wikicite
• Zotero