Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris

species rodentium immanium familiae caviidarum

Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Graece ὕδωρ 'aqua' + χοῖρος 'sus'[2]) est species rodentium immanium familiae Caviidarum, quae in America Australi endemica sunt. Quod animal est maximum orbis terrarum mammale.[3] Sola alia generis Hydrochoeri species exstans est Hydrochoerus isthmius. Inter artas eiusdem familiae cognatas sunt Cavia porcellus et Kerodon rupestris. Genera Dasyprocta (familiae Dasyproctidarum), Chinchilla (familiae Chinchillidarum), et Myocastor (familiae Echimyidarum) plus distant.


Classis : Mammalia 
Ordo : Rodentia 
Familia : Caviidae 
Genus : Hydrochoerus 
Species : Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris 
(Linnaeus, 1766)
   
Conservationis status
Synonyma
Sus hydrochaeris Linnaeus, 1766
Mater et tres pulli.

Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris savannas silvasque densas habitat, et prope corpora aquae manere solet. Species est satis socialis, et in gregibus animalium a decem a viginti plerumque videtur, aliquando usque ad centum. In periculum non addicitur, sed venatores eius carnem et pellem atque adipem ex eius cute petunt.[4]

Classificatio et phylogenia recensere

 
Sceletus Hydrochoeri hydrochaeris.

Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris et Hydrochoerus isthmius ad subfamiliam Hydrochoerinae cum duabus generis Kerodontis speciebus pertinent. Quae omnes, cum earum ccgnatis exstinctis, olim in Hydrochoeridas, suam familiam, digerebantur.[5] Ex autem anno 2002, studia phylogenetica molecularia coniunctionem artam Hydrochoeri et Kerodontis agnoscunt,[6] locum amborum generum in subfamilia Caviidarum suadentia.

 
Milvago chimachima, avis familiae Falconidarum, super caput Hydrochoeri hydrochaeris stat.

Classificationes paleontologicae olim nomen Hydrochoeridarum pro omnibus ex his animalibus adhibebant, cum nomen Hydrochoerinam generi exstanti et eius artissimis cognatis fossilibus, sicut Neochoero, retinerent,[7][8] sed classificationem Hydrochoerinarum intra Caviidas recentius asciverunt.[9] Taxinomia hydrochoerinarum fossilium in dubio etiam est. Annis recentibus, earum diversitas magnopere imminuitur,[10][11] praecipue quia nunc agnoscitur quod forma dentium molarium hydrochoerinarum per vitam unius animalis magnopere variare.[12] Materia olim ad quattuor genera et septem species secundum variationes formae molaris nunc repraesentare putatur singula animalis Cardiatherii paranensis, unius speciei, per varias vitae aetates.[13]

Notae recensere

  1. IUCN
  2. Darwin, Charles R. (1839). Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle between the years 1826 and 1836, describing their examination of the southern shores of South America, and the Beagle's circumnavigation of the globe. Journal and remarks. 1832–1836.. Londinii: Henry Colburn. p. 619 .
  3. Basic Biology (2015). "Rodents" .
  4. Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) Formula:Webarchive. ARKive.org.
  5. Mones et Ojasti 1986.
  6. Rowe et Honeycutt 2002.
  7. Vucetich et al. 2005.
  8. Deschamps 2007.
  9. Cerdeño, E.; Pérez, M.E.; Deschamps, C.M.; Contreras, V.H. (2019). "A new capybara from the late Miocene of San Juan Province, Argentina, and its phylogenetic implications". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64 (1): 199–212 .
  10. Vucetich et al. 2005
  11. Deschamps et al. 2007.
  12. Vucetich et al. 2005
  13. Vucetich et al. 2005

Bibliographia recensere

 
Familia Hydrochoerorum hydrochaerium natat.
 
Machetornis rixosa, avis familiae Tyrannidarum, super caput Hydrochoeri hydrochaeris stat.
Hydrochoeri hydrochaeres in horto zoologico requiescunt.
 
Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris balneo in Izu Shaboten Park in Iaponia fruuntur.
  • Barreto, Guillermo R, et Emilio A. Herrera. 1998. "Foraging patterns of capybaras in a seasonally flooded savanna of Venezuela." Journal of Tropical Ecology 14 (1): 87–98. JSTOR 2559868. doi:10.1017/S0266467498000078.
  • Burton, M., et R. Burton. 2002 The International Wildlife Encyclopedia. Marshall Cavendish. ISBN 0-7614-7269-X.
  • Deschamps, Cecilia M., Itatí Olivares, Emma Carolina Vieytes, et María Guiomar Vucetich. 2007. "Ontogeny and diversity of the oldest capybaras (Rodentia: Hydrochoeridae; late Miocene of Argentina)." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27, no. 3 (12 Septembris): 683–92. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[683:oadoto]2.0.co;2. JSTOR 30126368.
  • Lord, Rexford D. 1994. "A descriptive account of capybara behaviour." Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 29 (1): 11–22. doi:10.1080/01650529409360912.
  • Lord, Rexford D. 2009. Capybaras: a natural history of the world's largest rodent. Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9780801891632, ISBN 0801891639.
  • Mones, Alvaro, et Juhani Ojasti. 1986. "Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris." Mammalian Species (264): 1–7. doi:10.2307/3503784. JSTOR 3503784.
  • Moreira, José Roberto, et al., eds. 2013. Capybara: biology, use and conservation of an exceptional neotropical species. Novi Eboraci: Springer. ISBN 9781461439998, ISBN 146143999X.
  • Quintana, R. D., S. Monge, et A. I. Malvárez. 1998. "Feeding patterns of capybara Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris (Rodentia, Hydrochaeridae) and cattle in the non-insular area of the Lower Delta of the Paraná River, Argentina." Mammalia 62 (1). doi:10.1515/mamm.1998.62.1.37.
  • Rowe, Diane L., et Rodney L. Honeycutt. 2002. "Phylogenetic Relationships, Ecological Correlates, and Molecular Evolution Within the Cavioidea (Mammalia, Rodentia)." Molecular Biology and Evolution 19, no. 3 (Martius): 263–77.
  • Vucetich, María G., Cecilia M. Deschamps, Itatí Olivares, et María T. Dozo. 2005. "Capybaras, size, shape, and time: A model kit." Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50 (2): 259–72.

Nexus interni

Nexus externi recensere

  Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Hydrochoerem hydrochaerem spectant.
  Vide "Hydrochoerem hydrochaerem" apud Vicispecies.
  Situs scientifici:  • ITIS • NCBI • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • IUCN Red List • Fossilworks • INPN France