Ernestus Geisericus Gygax[1] (natus 27 Iulii 1938 Sicagi, mortuus 4 Martii 2008 Lacu Ganava, (Visconsinia)), scriptor et ludorum partium agendarum auctor Americanus, praeclarus praesertim quod ludum sollertem Dungeons & Dragons (cum Davide Arneson) confecit, societatemque TSR cum Donaldo Kaye anno 1974 confundavit. Gygax generatim habetur fuisse quasi pater ludorum partium agendarum.[2]

Geiserici Gygax imago conventu "Gen Con" nomine anno 2007 capta.

Pueritia et fontes inspirationis recensere

 
Geisericus Gygax alearum polyedricarum mundo moderno dedit usum.

Ernestus Geisericus Gygax natus est 27 Iulii 1938, Martini Gygax filius, Helvetii qui in Civitates Foederatas immigraverat, et matris in America natae. Ludorum studium quinque annos natus inivit, tum scaccis et binoculis ludens, tum ludis puerilibus solitis, ludis partium agendarum vivarum similibus, simul cum Iohanne Rasch et Donaldo Kaye arbitrante Iacobo Rasch. Eo tempore, Gygax coepit et scientiam ficticiam lectitare, cum Regii Bradbury The Veldt et Roberti E. Howard Conan the Conqueror.

Anno 1953, Gygax proelia imagunculis cum Kaye ludere incepit, ludo primo Gettysburgensis societatitis nomine Avalon Hill animadversionem captante. Ab Avalon Hill chartas hexagonis tessellatas ad terrenas tabula describendas, primas venales, poposcit. Novos modos petebat sortium ducendarum, non tantum cubis sed omnibus figuris Platonicis quinque solidis.

Faber lusorius recensere

Anno 1966, International Federation of Wargamers (IFW), adiuvante Gygax, creata est.[3] Anno 1967, Gygax conventiculum haud sollemne viginti hominum in hypogaeo domicilii sui Lacui Genavensi constitiuit, quod conventiculum postea "Gen Con 0" designatum est, quippe quod conventum lusorium Gen Con progenuit. Gen Con nunc est conventus maximus ludis studiisve voluptuariis anuus Septentrionalis Americae.[4] Inter quem conventum Geisericus Gygax Davidem Arneson et Brianus Blume, quorum hic postea factus est socius TSR cum Gygax et Donaldo Kaye.

"I'm very fond of the Medieval period, the Dark Ages in particular. We started playing in the period because I had found appropriate miniatures. I started devising rules where what the plastic figure was wearing was what he had. If he had a shield and no armor, then he just has a shield. Shields and half-armor = half-armor rules; full-armor figure = full armor rules. I did rules for weapons as well."[2]
"Valde me arridet Medium Aevum et praesertim Tenebricosum Aevum. Eadem aetate ludere incepimus quod idoneas imagunculas inveneram. Regulas excogitare incipiebam ubi quae gerebat figura plastica, ea haberet. Si [bellator] scuto armatus erat [depictus] neque lorica, habeat scutum tantum. Scuta et dimidia lorica regulas dimidiae loricae postulant, et lorica totum corpus tegens regulas totalis loricae. Et similiter regulas pro armis nocivis faciebam."

Simul cum Donaldo Kaye, Michaele Reese, et Leone Tucker, Gygax societatem ad imagunculis militaribus ludendum condidit, Lake Geneva Tactical Studies Association ("Societas Lacu-Genavensis in Studia Tactica"), seu LGTSA, hypogaeo domini Gygax quasi praetorio.[4]

Anno 1971, Gygax et Galfredus Perren ludum conscripserunt Chainmail ("Lorica Hamata") nomine, quo similiter proelia imaguncularum agi poterat, ex quo denique ludus partium agendarum Dungeons & Dragons (seu D&D) natus est.[5]

TSR recensere

Gygax et Kaye Tactical Studies Rules ("Tacticorum Studiorum Regulae"), seu TSR anno 1974 condiderunt, et primam versionem Dungeons & Dragons recensuerunt. Inspirationem generatim ab operibus Roberti E. Howard, Leonis Sprague de Camp et Francisci Leiber duxit, et, cum systema magicae constitueret, Iacobi Vance. Mile exemplarium manu consutarum editio inter novem menses tota venierat.[4] Eodem anno Gygax Timotheum Kask conduxit qui libellum The Strategic Review (Acta Strategica) transformari adiuvaret in periodicum de rebus phantasticis The Dragon ("Draco"), auctore et dein commentatore Gygax.[4]

Domino Kaye 1976 de vita decesso, vidua sortes commerciales suas domino Gygax vendidit. Gygax, qui nunc societati toti praeerat, TSR Hobbies, Inc. incorporavit, sed paulo post adversis rebus mercatoriis Briano et Coemgeno Blume vendidit. Fratres Blume socii fere ex besse societatis TSR adhuc anno 1976 fuerunt.

Tactical Studies Rules priscum ludum D&D bis imprimentes ediderunt, et postea TSR Hobbies, Inc. rem suscepit.

Ab anno 1977, nova versio ludi D&D creata est, nomine Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, seu AD&D edebatur,[2] libro Monster Manual ("De Monstris Liber Manualis") primo luci dato. Regulae AD&D, cum similia essent, non eadem erant ac regulae D&D, qua de causa alios libellos D&D, alios AD&D proferendi erant.

Geisericus Gygax societatem TSR anno 1985 mutantibus societatis praefectis reliquit, quo tempore implicatus erat in emissione televisifica emittentis CBS Dungeons & Dragons illustratae animataeque compingenda.

"I was pretty much boxed out of the running of the company because the two guys, who between them had a controlling interest, thought they could run the company better than I could. I was set up because I could manage. In 1982 nobody on the West Coast would deal with TSR, but they had me start a new corporation called "Dungeons and Dragons Entertainment." It took a long time and a lot of hard work to get to be recognized as someone who was for real and not just a civilian, shall we say, in entertainment. Eventually, though, we got the cartoon show going (on CBS) and I had a number of other projects in the works. While I was out there, though, I heard that the company was in severe financial difficulties and one of the guys, the one I was partnered with, was shopping it on the street in New York. I came back and discovered a number of gross mismanagements in all areas of the company. The bank was foreclosing and we were a million and a half in debt. We eventually got that straightened out, but I kind of got one of my partners kicked out of office. (Kevin Blume, who was removed as TSR CEO in 1984 - ed.). Then my partners, in retribution for that, sold his shares to someone else (Lorraine Williams - ed.). I tried to block it in court, but in the ensuing legal struggle the judge ruled against me. I lost control of the company, and it was then at that point I just decided to sell out."[2]
"Fere exclusus sum quominus societati praeessem quod duo homines qui inter se socii ex maiore parte erant sese melius praeesse posse credebant. In insidias inductus sum quod administrare valebam. Anno 1982 nemo in Occidentali Litore cum TSR negotiari, sed effecerunt ut novam corporationem incoharem nomine Dungeons and Dragons Entertainment. Multo tempore, multo labore tandem agnotus sum fidus esse neque quasi quiris ut ita dicam, arti spectaculari externus. Denique tamen emissionem animatum (apud CBS) suscitaveramus, et nonnulla alia incepta iam agenda. Cum tamen ibi essem audivi in sumis angustiis pecuniae, et alter hominum, iste quocum societatis particeps essem, Novi Eboraci in viis venditare petebat. Reversus aliquot lapsus graviores administrandi in omnibus societatis partibus repperi. Argentarium pignora nobis capiebat quindecies centena milia dollaria aeris alieni debentibus. Tandem aliquando rem correxerimus, sed socium fere deposui [nempe Coemgenum Blume]. Dein consocius [alter], ulturus, sortes suas aliae vendidit [Nempe Laurenae Williams]. Conatus sum iudicio intercedere, sed in actione insecuta iudex contra me iudicium tulit. Imperio societatis privatus sum, et eo tempore sortes meas transvendere statui."

Post TSR relictam recensere

A TSR digressus, Gygax creavit Dangerous Journeys ('Itinera Periculosa'), ludum partium agendarum multis fabularum generibus pertinentem.[2] Operam dare anno 1995 incipiebat novo ludo partium agendarum, qui cum primum computatralis conceptus sit, denique anno 1999 editus est sine computatris, nomine Lejendary Adventure ('Incepta Heroica Phabularia'). Propositum maximum huius ludi conscribendi fuit ut regulae quam simplicissimae essent, nam Gygax ludorum regulas opinatus est nimis implicata in annos fieri, novosque lusores ita deterrere.

Ludo Dungeons & Dragons Gygax anno 2005 se rettulit, creans libellum Castles & Crusades cum societate Troll Lord Games. Eadem societas protulit Castle Zagyg ('Castellum Zagygi'), versionem priscam, sed usque adhuc non luci datam domini Gygax Castle Greyhawk, catacumbas primas ludo D&D adhibitas.

In scaena televisifica recensere

Anno 2000, Gygax vocem praebuit imagini suae in "Anthology of Interest" ('Florilegium Aliquanti Studii'), emissionis televisificae animatae Futurama episodio, ubi cum Stephano Hawking, Alberto Gore, Nichaela Nichols, et Deep Blue particeps est gregis ad anomalias temporales tollendas. In episodii fine, universo deleto, omnes simul ludum D&D ludunt.

Anno 2007, Gygax se repraesentavit in emissione televisifica (emittente G4TV) Code Monkeys, Theodoro eum petente et actricem Mariolam Ringwald "virginem sacrificendam" offerente ut punctos "charismatis" restituerentur.[6][7]

Alibi recensere

Gygax vocem suum dedit ludo Dungeons & Dragons Online: Stormreach, "magister catacumbarum" nonnullis locis et fabulis.

Familia recensere

Gygax bis matrimonium intravit, primum cum Maria Iosepha Gygax, dein cum Abigaile Carpenter; hoc matrimonium die 15 Augusti 1987 factum est, eodem die, fortuite, ac matrimonium parentium Geiserici. Pater fuit sex filiis, avus septem nepotibus. Ex liberis suis, quinque uxori priori genuit, sextum alteri.[4] Gygax vitam Lacui Genavensi in Visconsinia degit, villam suam ita describens:

"a small but sunny upper room—cluttered with books, magazines, papers, and who-knows-what else. Right now, pending the redecorating of that room, I am lodged in the downstairs dining room at a long table that holds two computers and a scanner, with the printer hiding to one side below it. The radio there in the studio was usually tuned to a classical music station, but the station was sold, programming changed, so now I work sans music, or now and then with a CD playing through the computer. While there are bookcases in the upper studio, elsewhere on the second floor, and on the first floor, the main repository of printed lore (other than that piled here and there) is my basement library which includes thousands of reference works, maps, magazines, and works of fiction."[4]
"parvum sed apricum cenaculum—libris, libellis, chartis, et nescioquibus aliis rebus scatens. Nunc temporis, cenaculo de novo instruendo, deversor in triclino pediplanis sito iuxta longam mensam duo computatra et scansorium subtenentem. Radiophonium illud in cenaculo olim emittenti musicorum classicorum intendi solebat, sed vendita emittenti, constituta mutata sunt, nunc ergo sine musica operor, aut interdum disco compacto computatri ope sonante. Cum plutei in cenaculo, alibi in tabulato superiore, necnon in pediplanis libros ferant, repositorium princeps legendorum impressorum (praeter quod passim accumulatur) est in bibliotheca hypogaea, nempe millia opera encyclopaediaca, tabellae geographicae, libelli periodici, fabulae."

Aegritudo et obitus recensere

Gygax diem obiit 4 Martii, 2008, in domicilio suo Lacui Genavensi in Visconsinia[8] Iam aliquanto quiescebat, et quasi rude fruebatur,[2] sanitatis causa. Ictus enim passus est diebus 1 Aprilis et 4 Maii 2004, et paene infarctu cordis post falsam contra ictus medicinam sumptam, et denique medici cognoverunt eum aneurysmo aortico abdominali laborare sine spe remediandi. Valetudine labente, fruebatur nihilominus lusu, et iam inter lusorum communitatem vigebat, interrogatis respondens in nonnullis foris interretialibus, e.g. Dragonsfoot et EN World.

"I would like the world to remember me as the guy who really enjoyed playing games and sharing his knowledge and his fun pastimes with everybody else."[2]

"Utinam orbis me meminerit virum ludis gaudentem et scientiae delectamentisque suis iucundis omnibus tradendis"

Monumenta recensere

Obitu nuntiato, plurimi homines, vim et valorem factorum Gygaxianorum in vita sua agnoscentes tributa ad virum commemorandum exegerunt. Index fere sollemnis habetur hic.

Ephemerides Latinae recensere

  • C. Punki Maximi Getae (seu "Beluosi") DEVS EX CRAPVLA, 5 Martii.[9]

Libelli nubeculati interretiales recensere

Alii situs interretiales recensere

Praemia et honores recensere

Gygax multa praemia rei ludicrae pertinentia accepit:[4]

  • Strategists Club praemium "Eximio Artificio & Scriptori" pro ludo D&D creato.
  • Origins conventus lusorii "Adventure Gaming Hall of Fame"
  • Praemium Origins, Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design Hall of Fame Honors (2004)
  • Quater victor Diei Lusorii "Optimus Ludorum Inventor" (1978—82)
  • Gen Con 2007, quadragesmi conventus, "Hospes Praetorius Primarius"

Libellus periodicus Gamespy eum cum Raginualdo Tolkien loco duodevicesimus nominavit "30 homines summi momentum in re lusoria" (Martio 2002).

Libellus periodicus Sync primo loco praeficit Gygax in indice "50 Umbraticissimorum[17] Totius Temporis."[18]

Libellus periodicus SFX eum loco #37 numeravit inter "50 Maximi Antecursores inter Scientiae Ficticiae Creatores."[19]

Libellus periodicus Pyramid ('Pyramis') Geisericum Gygax nominavit inter Homines Maximi Momenti Huius Millennii, "saltem quod ad lusum inceptorum heroicorum attinet."[20]

A Gygax sirps quaedam bacteriorum nomen habet, nempe "Arthronema gygaxiana sp nov UTCC393."[21]

Munera recensere

  • 1970–73 – Editor Principalis, Guidon Games (societas de lusu bellico)
  • 1973–83 – Socius TSR, dein Praeses TSR Hobbies, Inc.
  • 1983–85 – Praeses DUNGEONS & DRAGONS Entertainment Corporation
Viceproductor, Dungeons & Dragons emissionis animatae
  • 1983–85 – Praefectus Consilio Directorum TSR, Inc.; etiam Praeses (1985)
  • 1986–88 – Praefectus Consilio Directorum, New Infinities Productions, Inc.
  • 1988–94 – Creator/auctor sub contractu societatis Omega Helios Limited
  • 1995—2008   – Creator/auctor sub contractu societatis Trigee Enterprises Corporation
  • 1999—2008   – Socius, Hekaforge Productions

Notae recensere

  1. Quomodo Latine nominari debeat dominus Gygax sat difficile dictu: primum quod Gary haud nomen frequens ante recentissimum aevum fuerit (sed fortasse rite cum Geiserico aequari potest: *Gaizarīkaz > linguam Anglicam antiquam *Gárríć?), dein quod Gygax nomen Latinum sibi elegisse facillime credi potest, sed infeliciter accidit quod scribentes caremus indicio, neque vivum eum rogavimus.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 A. Rausch. "Gary Gygax Interview". GameSpy 
  3. "The History of TSR (1966 * International Federation of Wargamers formed by Gary Gygax and other wargamers.)". Wizards of the Coast 
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Geiserici Gygax, "LONG BIOGRAPHY of E(rnest) GARY GYGAX", recensio 6-05, ©2005
  5. "Chainmail" 
  6. Geisericus Gygax (sub nomine "Col_Pladoh" scribens). "Q&A With Gary Gygax, Part V". Dragonsfoot Forums. pp. 8 
  7. La Farge, Paul (September 2006). "Destroy All Monsters". The Believer Magazine 
  8. "Dungeons & Dragons co-creator Gary Gygax dies at 69". WKBT-La Crosse, Wisconsin. 2008-03-04 
  9. http://beluosus.livejournal.com/205253.html
  10. Ricardus Burlew (March 4, 2008). "The Order of the Stick #536". Giant in the Playground 
  11. "Bordering on the Semi-Tasteful", nuntius.
  12. 5 Martii, 7 Martii
  13. Weregeek  » 2008 » March » 05 apud www.weregeek.com
  14. "The Journey's End"
  15. "Ultimate Game"
  16. DnD kitteh morns loss of Gary Gygax'
  17. "Umbraticus" hic vocem Anglicam quae est nerd repraesentat. Pro huius notionis difficultatibus cf. http://jdm314.livejournal.com/6749.html
  18. Number 1: Gary Gygax: Cocreator of Dungeons & Dragons and father of role-playing games.
    Defining nerd moment: With a last name that sounds like a barbarian warrior from space, is it any wonder this guy invented the 20-sided die? Between 1977 and 1979, Gygax released Advanced Dungeons & Dragons for advanced dorks, taking the cult phenomenon to new heights whilst giving himself a +5 salary of lordly might.

    Primus: Geisericus Gygax: Alter creatorum ludi Catacumbarum & Catobleparum, et pater ludorum partium agendarum.

    Momentum definiens et umbraticum: Nomine gentilicio barbarico bellatori extraterrestri idoneo, quid mirum si iste homo aleam viginti facierum invenerit? Inter 1977 et 1979, Gygax luci dabat Advanced Dungeons and Dragons, "Expertae Catacumbae & Catoblepae," expertis codicibus, rem novam et paene cultu honoratam ad excelsiorem locum tollens, seque mercede +5 dominipotentiae donans.
    Sync Magazine, Decembris et Ianuarii Mensium 2004/05
  19. SFX Magazine, Martii (#128) 2005
  20. Haring, Scott D. (1999-12-24). "Second Sight: The Millennium's Best "Other" Game and The Millennium's Most Influential Person". Pyramid (versio interretialis) 
  21. "Molecular and Morphological Characterization of Ten Polar and Near-Polar Strains within the Oscillatoriales (Cyanobacteria)", by Dale A. Casamatta, Jeffrey R. Johansen, Morgan L. Vis, and Sharon T. Broadwater, Journal of Phycology, 2005.