Collegia usitate colonica appellata sunt novem institutiones educationis superioris quae in coloniis Americanis antequam Civitates Foederatae Americae civitas sui iuris post Res Novas Americanas compositas diplomata acceperant.[1] Haec collegia diu una habentur, praecipue in conspectu earum originum in The Cambridge History of English and American Literature (1907).[2] Septem ex collegiis colonicis sunt pars Foederis Hederani, societatis athleticae: Universitas Harvardiana, Universitas Yalensis, Universitas Princetoniensis, Universitas Columbiae, Universitas Pennsylvaniensis, Universitas Brunensis, et Collegium Dartmuthense. (Universitas Cornelliana, octavus Foederis Hederani socius, anno 1865 condita est.)

Scalptura Collegii Harvardiani a Paulo Revere anno 1767 facta.

Duo collegia colonica non participes Foederis Hederani sunt universitates publicae: Collegium Gulielmi et Mariae in Virginia et Universitas Rutgersensis in Nova Caesarea. Collegium Gulielmi et Mariae fuit institutio regia (publica) ab anno 1693 usque ad Res Novas Americanas. Inter res novas et Bellum Civile Americanum, institutio privata erat, quae autem bello magnopere laesa, adiumentum publicum annis 1880 accipere coepit, ac collegium publicum anno 1906 rite facta est. Universitas Rutgersensis Universitas Civica Novae Caesareae[3] post secundum bellum mundanum facta est.

Novem collegia colonica recensere

Septem ex novem collegiis colonicis institutiones educationis superioris de novo coeperunt (sine organizatione parente). Collegium Dartmuthense anno 1768 operari coepit collegiata pars Scholae Eleemosynariae Mooranae,[4] scholae secundariae anno 1754 ab Eleazar Wheelock conditae. Collegium autem annum suae constitutionis 1769 fuisse putat, cum diploma collegiale ei concessum esset. Universitas Pennsylvaniensis anno 1751 operari coepit nomine Academia Philadelphiae, schola secundaria cui institutio educationis superioris anno 1755 addita est, cum diploma Collegio Philadelphiae concessum esset.

Institution
(nomen praesens, si aliud)
Colonia Conditum Diploma acceptum Prima instructio (gradus) Primus fons religiosus Foedus Hederanum
Novum Collegium


(Universitas Harvardiana)

Colonia Sinus Massachusettae 1636 1650[5] 1642 (1642) Puritani (Congregationales) Sic
Collegium Gulielmi et Mariae Colonia Virginia 1693 1693[6] 1694[7] Ecclesia Anglicana Non
Schola Collegiata[8]
(Universitas Yalensis)
Colonia Connecticuta 1701 1701[9] 1702 (1702 MA honorarius) (1703 BA)[10] Puritani (Congregationales) Sic
Collegium Novae Caesareae
(Universitas Princetoniensis)
Provincia Nova Caesarea 1746 1746[11] 1747 (1748) Presbyterianismus, sed rite nonsectarianum Sic
Collegium Regis
(Universitas Columbiae)
Provincia Novum Eboracum 1754 1754[12] 1754 (1758) [13] Ecclesia Anglicana[14] Sic
Collegium Philadelphiae
(Universitas Pennsylvaniensis)
Provincia Pennsylvaniae 1755 (collegium) 1755[15] 1755 (1757) Ecclesia Anglicana, sed rite nonsectarianum[16] Sic
Collegium Insulae Rhodensis[17]
(Universitas Brunensis)
Colonia Insula Rhodensis 1764 1764[18] 1765[19] Baptistae Sic
Collegium Reginae
(Universitas Rutgersensis)
Provincia Nova Caesarea 1766 1766[20] 1771 (1774) Ecclesia Reformata Nederlandica Non
Collegium Dartmuthense Provincia Nova Hantonia 1769 1769[21] 1768 (1771) Puritani (Congregationales) Sic

Notae recensere

  1. Stoeckel, Althea (1976). "Presidents, professors, and politics: the colonial colleges and the American revolution". Conspectus of History 1 (3): 45 
  2. "XXIII. Education. § 13. Colonial Colleges.". The Cambridge History of English and American Literature .
  3. Anglice The State University of New Jersey.
  4. Anglice Moor's Charity School.
  5. "The Charter of 1650"  "May" mensis tertius appellabatur quia annus die 25 Martii incipiebat.
  6. Royal Charter. . Swem Library Special Collections Research Center Wiki  Primus annus regni Gulielmi et Mariae die 13 Februarii 1689 soepit.
  7. Hall 1996:131.
  8. Anglice Collegiate School.
  9. "The Yale Corporation: Charter and Legislation". 1976 
  10. Dexter 1885(1):6, 9, 13.
  11. The Charters and By-Laws of the Trustees of Princeton University. Princetonia Novae Caesareae: The Princeton University Press. 1906. pp. 11–20 .
  12. Charters, acts and official documents together with the lease and re-lease by Trinity church of a portion of the King's farm. June 1895. pp. 10–24 
  13. Johnson, Samuel, Samuel Johnson, President of King's College; His Career and Writings, ed. Herbert et Carol Schneider (Novi Eboraci: Columbia University Press, 1929), vol. 4, pp. 244 et 246. Novem scholastici hoc anno matriculaverunt.
  14. A Brief History of Columbia, Columbia University.
  15. Additional Charter of the College, &c.. 1791. pp. 1–7 
  16. Jencks, Christopher; David Riesman (2001). The Academic Revolution. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 0765801159  pp. 314–5, "The Anglicans who founded the University of Pennsylvania, however, were evidently anxious not to alienate Philadelphia's Quakers, and they made their new college officially nonsectarian."
  17. Two and a half centuries of history. . Brown University 
  18. The Charter of Brown University. 1945. p. 30 
  19. Hoeveler 2007: 192.
  20. Rutgers College: The celebration of the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of its founding as Queens College, 1766-1916. Maio 1917. p. 66 
  21. "Dartmouth College Charter" 

Bibliographia recensere

  • Dexter, Franklin Bowditch. 1885. Biographical Sketches of the Graduates of Yale College: with annals of the college history. Holt.
  • Hall, David D. 1996. Cultures of Print. In Essays in the History of the Book. University of Massachusetts Press.
  • Hoeveler, David J. 2007. Creating the American Mind: Intellect and Politics in the Colonial Colleges. Rowman & Littlefield.