Calculatrum electronicum (-i, n.)[1][2] sive machinula calculatoria[3] est machina ad numeros calculandos fabricata, saepe gestabilis, quae arithmeticas operationes electrice solvit. A computatro differt, quod programmabile olim non fuit, ac tantum arithmeticas operationes agere poterat.

Calculatrum electronicum gestabile cum septem segmentorum quadro crystallorum liquidorum, quod arithmeticas operationes solvere potest.

Nexus interni

Notae recensere

Bibliographia recensere

  • Chapman, S. 1942. "Blaise Pascal (1623–1662): Tercentenary of the calculating machine." Nature 150, no. 3809 (31 Octobris): 508–509. doi:10.1038/150508a0. Bibcode 1942Natur.150..508C.
  • Hamrick, Kathy B. 1996. "The History of the Hand-Held Electronic Calculator." The American Mathematical Monthly 103, no. 8 (October): 633–39. doi:10.2307/2974875. JSTOR 2974875.
  • Ifrah, Georges. 2001. The Universal History of Computing. Novi Eboraci: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-39671-0. Textus interretialis.
  • Marquin, Jean. 1994. Histoire des instruments et machines à calculer, trois siècles de mécanique pensante 1642–1942. Hermann. ISBN 978-2-7056-6166-3.
  • Williams, Michael R. 1997. History of Computing Technology. Los Alamitos Californiae: IEEE Computer Society. ISBN 978-0-8186-7739-7.