Austronesiani[1] (Anglice Austronesians[2] vel Austronesian-speaking people[3]) sunt distincti greges ethnici in Asia Meridiorientali, Oceania, et Africa Orientali qui linguis familiae Austronesicae loquuntur. Inter quos sunt aborigines Taivaniae; plurimi e gregibus ethnicis in Philippinis, Malaesia, Timora Orientali, Indonesia, Bruneio, Insulis Cocos seu Keeling, Madagascaria, Micronesia, et Polynesia; homines Malaici Singapurae, homines Polynesii Novae Zelandiae et Havaiorum; et homines non-Papuani Melanesiae. Etiam inveniuntur in regionibus Pattanorum in Thailandia, regionibus Cham in Vietnamia et Cambodia, et regione Hainania Sinae, partibus Taprobanis, Birmania australi, australi Africae Australis apice, Surinamia, et nonnullis ex Insulis Andamanensibus et Nicobarensibus. Maldivani quoque vestigia genorum Austronesiensium habent, ob flumen genorum ex Archipelago Malaico.[4] Terrae ab hominibus Austronesiensibus loquentibus frequentatae una Austronesia appellantur.

Homines Amis in Taivania.

Comparatio numerorum decimalium recensere

Numeri decimales 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PAN, circa 4000 a.C.n. *isa *DuSa *telu *Sepat *lima *enem *pitu *walu *Siwa *puluq
Tagalog isá dalawá tatló ápat limá ánim pitó waló siyám sampu
Kadazan iso duvo tohu apat himo onom tu' vahu sizam hopod
Dusun iso duwo tolu apat limo onom tulu walu siyam hopod
Lun Bawang/Lundayeh aceh due telu apat lime enam tudu walu yiwa puluh
Ilocana maysá dua talló uppát limá inném pitó waló siam sangapúlo
Caebuana usá duhá tuló upat limá unom pitó waló siyám napulu
Chamoruana maisa/håcha hugua tulu fatfat lima gunum fiti guålu sigua månot/fulu
Indonesia satu/suatu dua tiga empat lima enam tujuh delapan sembilan sepuluh
Malaica satu dua tiga empat lima enam tujuh lapan sembilan sepuluh
Iavanica siji loro telu papat limo nem pitu wolu songo sepuluh
Sundana hiji dua tilu opat lima genep tujuh dalapan salapan sapuluh
Tetum ida rua tolu haat lima neen hitu ualu sia sanulu
Vitiana dua rua tolu lima ono vitu walu ciwa tini
Tongana taha ua tolu nima ono fitu valu hiva -fulu
Sāmoana tasi lua tolu lima ono fitu valu iva sefulu
Maoriana tahi rua toru whā rima ono whitu waru iwa tekau (archaic: ngahuru)
Tahitiana hō'ē piti toru maha pae ono hitu va'u iva 'ahuru
Marchionesana e tahi e 'ua e to'u e fa e 'ima e ono e fitu e va'u e iva 'onohu'u
Havaiana kahi lua kolu lima ono hiku walu iwa -'umi
Malagasiensis iray/isa roa telo efatra dimy enina fito valo sivy folo
 
Tabula expansionis linguarum Austronesiensium.
 
Photographema colorizatum bellatoris Tsou qui vestimenta traditionalia ante bellum mundanum secundum gerit.
 
Mulier Atayal tribalis e Taivania compunctionem in facie fert, signum maturitatis et maribus feminisque traditio.
 
Princeps vici Rukai partem anthropologiae in Universitate Tokiensi per regnum Iaponicum visit.
 
Mariti Maginoo (classis nobilis), vestimenta caerulea gerunt.
 
Borobudur, maximum mundi templum Buddhisticum, sub regno domus Sailendra aedificatum est.
 
Tabula distributionis familiae Austronesiensis (rosea clara), quod cum distributione hominum Austronesiensium plerumque congruit.
 
Kanaka maoli (indigena) in Havaiis hulam agunt.
 
Homo Balinesis? ex Indonesia saltationem Barong agit.
 
Iuvenis Māori ex Nova Zelandia (Aotearoa) in grege kapa haka agit.
 
Gamelan, instrumenta traditionalibus, in legatione Indonesia Canberrae Australiae.

Nexus interni

Notae recensere

  1. De voce vide seriem librorum "Austronesiana" et lemma in Victionario.
  2. Gray, Drummond, et Greenhill 2009.
  3. Secundum Gulielmum Solheim II anthropologum: "I emphasize again, as I have done in many other articles, that 'Austronesian' is a linguistic term and is the name of a super language family. It should never be used as a name for a people, genetically speaking, or a culture. To refer to people who speak an Austronesian language the phrase 'Austronesian-speaking people' should be used." Origins of the Filipinos and Their Languages (January 2006).
  4. Maloney 1980.

Bibliographia recensere

  • Bellwood, Peter S. 1979. Man's conquest of the Pacific: The prehistory of Southeast Asia and Oceania. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195201031.
  • Bellwood, Peter. 2007. Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago. Ed. 3a. ANU E Press. ISBN 9781921313127.
  • Bellwood, Peter, James J. Fox, et Darrell, Tryon, eds. 2006. The Austronesians: historical and comparative perspectives. Australian National University. ISBN 1920942858.
  • Benitez-Johannot, Purissima, ed. 2009. Paths of Origins. ArtPostAsia Books. ISBN 9719429208.
  • Diamond, Jared M. 1998. Guns, Germs, and Steel. Vintage. ISBN 848306667X.
  • Diamond, J. M. 2000. Taiwan's gift to the world. Nature 403(6771):709–710. doi:10.1038/35001685. LPMID 1069378.
  • Fox, James J. 2006. Origins, Ancestry and Alliance: Explorations in Austronesian Ethnography. ANU E Press. ISBN 9781920942878.
  • Gray, R. D., A. J. Drummond, et S. J. Greenhill. 2009. Language Phylogenies Reveal Expansion Pulses and Pauses in Pacific Settlement. Science 323(5913):479–483. doi:10.1126/science.1166858. PMID 19164742.
  • Maloney, C. 1980. People of the Maldive Islands. Madras: Orient Longman Ltd. ISBN 0861311582.

Nexus externi recensere