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[[Imago:Papuafr.png|250px|thumb|]]
'''Papua''' (Indonesie: ab 1969 ad 1973 ''Irian Barat,'' ab 1973 ad 2002 ''Irian Jaya'') est provincia [[Indonesia]]e. ▼
▲'''Papua ,''' (Indonesie: ab [[1969 ]] ad [[1973 ]] '''Irian Barat, ''' ab [[1973 ]] ad [[2002 ]] '''Irian Jaya ,''' ) est provincia [[Indonesia]]e.
==Regiones==
Anno [[2005]], Papua consistitconsistitit in 19undeviginti regentiis ([[Indonesie]]: ''kabupaten''), una regentiae status urbe (''kotamadya''), 117 districtispagis (''kecamatan''), 66 ''kelurahan,'' et 830 vicis (''desa'').
Regentiae sunt: [[Asmat Regency|Asmat]]; [[Biak-Numfor]]; [[Boven Digoel]]; [[Jayapura Regency|Jayapura]]; [[Jayawijaya]]; [[Keerom]]; [[Mappi]]; [[Merauke Regency|Merauke]]; [[Mimika]]; [[Nabire]]; [[Paniai]]; [[Pegunungan Bintang]]; [[Puncak Jaya Regency|Puncak Jaya]]; [[Sarmi]]; [[Supiori]]; [[Tolikara]]; [[Waropen]]; [[Yahukimo]]; et [[Yapen Waropen]]. Urbs quae regentiae statum habet est [[Iayapura]] (Indonesie: ''Jayapura''), condita sub nomine [[Hollandia (urbs)]] die [[7 Martii]] [[1910]] ▼<!--had by 1962 developed into a city with modern civil, educational, and medical services. Since Indonesian administration these services have been replaced by Indonesian equivalents such as the TNI (the army) replacing the Papua Battalion. The name of the city has been changed to Kotabaru, then to Sukarnopura and finally to its current official name. Among ethnic Papuans, it is also known as Port Numbai, the former name before the arrival of immigrants.
Jayapura is the largest city, boasting a small but active tourism industry, it is built on a slope overlooking the bay. [[Cenderawasih University]] (''UNCEN'') campus at Abepura houses the [[University Museum]]. Both [[Tanjung Ria]] beach, near the market at Hamadi—site of the [[22 April]] 1944 [[Allies#World War II|Allied]] invasion during [[World War II]]—and the site of General [[Douglas MacArthur|Douglas MacArthur's]] World War II headquarters at [[Ifar Gunung]] have monuments commemorating the events.-->
A central east-west [[mountain range]] dominates the geography of New Guinea, over 1600 [[kilometre|km]] in total length. The western section is around 600 km long and 100 km across. The province contains the highest mountains between the [[Himalayas]] and the [[Andes]], rising up to 4884 m high, and ensuring a steady supply of rain from the tropical atmosphere. The [[tree line]] is around 4000 m [[elevation]] and the tallest peaks contain permanent equatorial glaciers, increasingly melting due to a [[global warming|changing climate]]. Various other smaller mountain ranges occur both north and west of the central ranges. Except in high elevations, most areas possess a warm humid climate throughout the year, with some seasonal variation associated with the [[Monsoon#Northeast Winter Monsoon .28Asia.29|northeast monsoon]] season.
▲Regentiae sunt: [[Asmat Regency|Asmat]]; [[Biak-Numfor]]; [[Boven Digoel]]; [[Jayapura Regency|Jayapura]]; [[Jayawijaya]]; [[Keerom]]; [[Mappi]]; [[Merauke Regency|Merauke]]; [[Mimika]]; [[Nabire]]; [[Paniai]]; [[Pegunungan Bintang]]; [[Puncak Jaya Regency|Puncak Jaya]]; [[Sarmi]]; [[Supiori]]; [[Tolikara]]; [[Waropen]]; [[Yahukimo]]; et [[Yapen Waropen]]. Urbs quae regentiae statum habet est [[Iayapura]] ( [[Indonesie ]]: ''Jayapura''), condita sub nomine [[Hollandia (urbs)]] die [[7 Martii]] [[1910]] <!--plus in en:-->
The third major habitat feature are the vast southern and northern lowlands. Stretching for hundreds of kilometers, these include lowland rainforests, extensive [[wetland]]s, [[savanna]] grasslands, and some of the largest expanses of [[mangrove]] forest in the world. The southern lowlands are the site of [[Lorentz National Park]], also a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]].
▲==Geographia==<!-- Plus in en:-->
The [[Mamberamo]] river, sometimes referred to as the "[[Amazon River|Amazon]] of Papua" is the province's largest river which winds through the northern part of the province. The result is a large area of lakes and rivers known as the Lakes Plains region. The famous [[Baliem Valley]], home of the [[Dani (ethnic group)|Dani]] people is a tableland 1600 m above sea level in the midst of the central mountain range; [[Puncak Jaya]], sometimes known by its former Dutch name Carstensz Pyramid, is a mist covered limestone mountain peak 4884 m above sea level.-->
==Demographica==
*[[Mee]]
*[[Sentani]]
*[[Yali]]<!--Plus in en:-->
==Ecologia==<!-- Plus in en:-->▼The population of Papua province and the neighboring [[West Irian Jaya]], both of which are still under a united administration, totalled 2,646,489 in [[2005]].<ref>[http://irja.bps.go.id/LEFT%20FRAME/Proyeksi%20Penduduk%20%20menurut%20Kabupaten.htm BPS Papua]</ref> Since the early [[1990s]] Papua has had the highest population growth rate of all Indonesian provinces at over 3% annually. This is partly a result of high birth rates, but also from immigration from other regions in Indonesia.
According to the [[2000]] census, 78% of the Papuan population identified themselves as Christian with 54% being Protestant and 24% being Catholic. 21% of the population was Muslim and less than 1% were Buddhist or Hindu.<ref>[http://eng.papua.go.id/profil/profilpapua.html Profile of Papua - official website]</ref> There is also substantial practice of [[animism]] by Papuans, which is not recorded by the Indonesian government in line with the policy of [[Pancasila Indonesia|Pancasila]].{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
*[[Iriana Iaya Occidentalis]] ▼
*[[Motus pro Papua Libera]] ▼A vital tropical rainforest with the tallest tropical trees and vast biodiversity, Papua's known forest fauna includes [[marsupials]] (including [[possum]]s, [[Wallaby|wallabies]], [[tree-kangaroo]]s, [[cuscus]]es), other mammals (including the endangered [[Long-beaked Echidna]]), many bird species (including [[birds of paradise]], [[cassowary|cassowaries]], [[parrot]]s, [[cockatoo]]s), the world's longest lizards (Papua [[Monitor lizard|monitor]]) and the world's largest butterflies.
The island has an estimated 16,000 species of plant, 124 genera of which are endemic.
The extensive waterways and wetlands of Papua are also home to salt and freshwater [[crocodile]], [[tree monitors]], [[megabat|flying foxes]], [[osprey]], [[bats]] and other animals; while the equatorial glacier fields remain largely unexplored.
In February [[2006]], a team of scientists exploring the [[Foja Mountains]], [[Sarmi]], discovered numerous new species of birds, butterflies, amphibians, and plants, including a species of [[rhododendron]] which may have the largest bloom of the genus.<ref>Robin McDowell, [http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=978c0a2b-4d79-4d09-b5a6-074e7daaabb9 "'Lost world' yields exotic new species"], [[Associated Press]] story in ''The Vancouver Sun'', [[February 8]] [[2006]]</ref>
Ecological threats include logging-induced [[deforestation]], forest conversion for plantation agriculture (especially [[oil palm]]), smallholder agricultural conversion, the introduction and potential spread of non-native alien species such as the [[Crab-eating Macaque]] which preys on and competes with indigenous species, the illegal species trade, and water pollution from oil and mining operations.
Papua's ancient rain forests have recently come under an even greater threat of deforestation after the Chinese government has placed an order of 1 billion US dollar or 800,000 cubic meters of the threatened [[merbau]] (intsia spp) rainforest timbers, to be used in constructions for the [[2008 Summer Olympics]]
[http://www.rainforestportal.org/alerts/send.asp?id=olympic_timber]-->
*[[Nova Guinea]]
*[[TerraNova CaesarisGuinea GuglielmiBataviana]]
▲*[[Iriana Iaya Occidentalis]]
*[[Nova Guinea Britannica]]
*[[Nova Guinea Germanica]]
*[[NovaTerra GuineaCaesaris BatavianaGuglielmi]]
▲*[[Motus pro Papua Libera]]
==Notae==
==Nexus externi==
===Generalia===
* [http://www.papua.go.id/ OfficialisPublicus provinciae situs]
* [http://www.irja.org/index2.shtml OnlineBibliotheca Library Westinterretialia Papua Occidentalis]
* [http://www.eco-action.org/ssp/resources.html#westpapua Solidarity South Pacific - West Papua]
* [http://www.papuaweb.org/info/news/index.html PapuaWeb]
* [http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB128/index.htm Declassified US documents on "Act of free choice"]
* [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IDP Linguae et populi Papuae Provinciae (SIL Ethnologue)]
*[http://freewestpapua.com Free West Papua] Situs MotuMotus pro Papua Libera)
===Ecologia===
==Fontes==
* King, Peter. [[2004]]. ''West Papua Since [[Suharto]]: Independence, Autonomy, or Chaos?'' Sydney: University of New South Wales Press. anno 2004. ISBN 0-86840-676-7.
{{geo-stipula}}
[[Categoria:Indonesia]]
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