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Linea 1: [[Fasciculus:Corioliskraftanimation.gif\|thumb\|Inertia [[rotatio]]nalis.]] ~~Sensu stricto et classico,~~ '''Inertia''' sensu stricto et classico est [[ars\|artis]] egestas, vel ignavia et insedulitas. Ex ~~temporte~~tempore [[Isaacus Newtonus\|Isaaci Newtoni]], hoc [[nomen substantivum\|nomen]] etiam in usu est pro ~~materiae~~[[materia]]e [[vis\|vi]] insita, seu potestate resistendi mutationes [[motus]] vel quiei. == Historia == Notio ''inertiae'' ab [[Aristoteles\|~~Aristotelis~~Aristotele]] ~~physicis~~[[physicus\|physico]] (~~quae~~cuius [[theoria]] motus usque ad [[saeculum ~~XVII~~17\|saeculum ~~theoriam~~septum ~~motus doctis~~decimum]] ~~solitam~~doceri ~~docuit~~solebat) ~~aliena~~alienissima est. Aristoteles enim et [[~~Philosophia Peripatetica\|~~Peripatetici]] [[corpus\|corporis]] motum habebant non fieri nisi [[vis\|vi]] continua effectum. Exempli causa, secundum conceptum Aristotelium, iaculum per ~~aerem~~[[aer]]em volans motum adsiduum praestat nullius causa nisi verticum vel vibrationum aeris, cui ~~phaenomeno~~[[res\|rei]] attribuitur nomen ''antiperistasis.''. Sine vi in tale iaculum agenti, ~~Aeristotelis~~Aristotelis sententia, sine mora motus eius dissipat. ~~Saeculo~~[[Saeculum 6\|Saeculo sexto]], [[Ioannes Philoponus]] notionem Aristoteliam ~~primus~~primum contradixit, ~~proponens~~ potius motum proponens esse [[corpus\|corpori]] quasi rem propriam, quam incitum acciperet. Cui autem obstabant [[Averroes]] et [[Scholastica (philosophia)\|Scholastici]], Aristoteli potius faventes. Cum [[Guillelmus de Ockham]] vehementer pro theoriam Philoponi argueret, asseclae nihilominus habebant [[proprietas\|proprietatem]] motum conservantem in tempus dissipari. ~~Saeculo~~[[Saeculum 14\|Saeculo quarto decimo]], [[Ioannes Buridanus]] proprietati motum conservanti dedit nomen ''~~impetus~~impetum'', ~~quam~~quem negavit in tempus suo sponte dissipari, aeris potius et [[gravitas\|gravitatis]] resistendi actioni cessationem motus attribuens. Buridanus impetum ferebat eo maiorem esse quo maiores essent celeritas incitionis et materiei quantitas. Patet igitur Buridani conceptio impetus aliquid similis esse hodiernae inertiae. Buridanus [[Isaacus Newtonus\|Newtoni]] notiones praedixit, hae scribens: :~~''...~~proiectum post exitum a proijciente mouetur ab impetu dato a proijciente & mouetur quamdiu durat impetus fortior quam resistentia: et in infinitum duraret impetus, nisi diminueretur & corrumperetur a resistente cõtrario vel ab inclinante ad contrarium mótum. (QM XII.9: 73ra) Hac notione usus, Buridanus proiectilium motus accurate describere valuit, sed theoriam suam esse remedium minus Aristotelis esse duxit, qui scholam peripatetica in aliis rebus conservabat. <!--The theory of impetus was adapted to explain [[celestial mechanics\|celestial]] phenomena in terms of ''circular impetus''. [[Leonardo da Vinci]], mistakenly, wrote ''Everything moveable thrown with fury through the air continues the motion of its mover; if, therefore, the latter move in a circle and release it in the course of this motion, its movement will be curved.'' Sometime between [[1589]] and [[1592]], [[Galileo Galilei]] started researching the motion of moving bodies using the impetus theory of [[Hipparchus]]. Following an audacious series of experiments, both in practice and in thought, Galileo came to reject the Aristotelian view and to formulate a new ''principle of inertia'', sometimes known as ''Galileo's principle'': ~~:''Every object persists in its state of rest, or uniform motion (in a straight line); unless, it is compelled to change that state, by forces impressed on it.''~~ In the summer of 1954, a student and future Nobel Prize winner observed a reproducible perturbation of the laws of inertia and Einstein's "Theory of Relativity" associated with the alignment of the earth, moon, and sun during an eclipse. Maurice Allais' observations have since been reproduced with enough confidence to satisfy some scientists.--> == Loci == * [[1687]], [[Isaacus Newtonus\|Newtoni]] ''[[Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica\|Principia Mathematica]]'' (prima editione) :''Materiæ vis insita est potentia resistendi, qua corpus unumquodq;, quantum in se est, perseverat in statu suo vel quiescendi vel movendi uniformiter in directum.'' :Hæc semper proportionalis est suo corpori, neq; differt quicquam ab inertia [[massa\|Massæ]], nisi in modo concipiendi. Per inertiam materiæ fit ut corpus omne de statu suo vel quiescendi vel movendi difficulter deturbetur. Unde etiam vis insita nomine significantissimo vis inertiæ dici possit." {{NexInt}} {{div col\|2}} [[Conatus]] [[~~Vis centrifugalis~~Conatus]] * [[Energia cinetica]] * [[Galilaeus Galilaei]] * [[Gyroscopium]] * [[Hipparchus]] * [[Leges motus Newtoni]] * [[Mechanica Newtoniana]] * [[Relativitas generalis]] * [[Relativitas specialis]] * [[Vis centrifugalis]] {{div col end}} ==Bibliographia== * Butterfield, H. [[1957]]. ''The Origins of Modern Science.'' ISBN 0-7135-0160-X. * Clement, J. [[1982]]. "Students' preconceptions in introductory mechanics." ''American Journal of Physics'' 50: 66–71. * Crombie, A. C. [[1959]]. ''Medieval and Early Modern Science.'' Vol. 2. * McCloskey, M. [[1983]]. "Intuitive physics." ''Scientific American'' (Aprilis): 114–123. * McCloskey, M., et A. Carmazza. [[1980]]. "Curvilinear motion in the absence of external forces: naïve beliefs about the motion of objects." ''Science'' 210: 1139–41. * Pfister, Herbert, et Markus King. [[2015]]. ''Inertia and Gravitation: The Fundamental Nature and Structure of Space-Time.'' The Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 897. Heidelbergae Springer. {{doi\|10.1007/978-3-319-15036-9}}. ISBN 978-3-319-15035-2. * Ragep, F. Jamil. [[2001]]a. "Tusi and Copernicus: The Earth's Motion in Context." ''Science in Context'' 14 (1–2): 145–163. {{doi\|10.1017/S0269889701000060}}. S2CID 145372613. * Ragep, F. Jamil. [[2001]]b). "Freeing Astronomy from Philosophy: An Aspect of Islamic Influence on Science." ''Osiris,'' series secunda, 16. Science in Theistic Contexts: Cognitive Dimensions: 49–64 & 66–71. Bibcode:2001Osir...16...49R. {{doi\|10.1086/649338}}. S2CID 142586786. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat\|Inertia\|inertiam}} [[Categoria:Mechanica]] [[Categoria:Motus]] [[Categoria:Physica]] {{Myrias\|Physica}}

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