Quantum redactiones paginae "Glandula adrenalis" differant

Glandulae suprarenales tria genera hormontum sercernunt: mineralocorticoida, glucocorticoida, androgena. Coniuncta est generatio mineralocorticoidorum cum [[pressio sanguinis|sanguinis pressione]], glucocorticoidorum cum [[contentio animi|contentione animi]], androgenorum cum [[sexualitas|sexualitate]]. Olim se unice ea in sanguinem liberare putatum est, hodie tamen synthesis extraadrenalis omnium trium generum nota est<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Taves M. D., Gomez-Sanchez C. E., Soma K. K. |title=Extra-adrenal glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids: evidence for local synthesis, regulation, and function |journal=American journal of physiology, endocrinology, and metabolism |year=2011 |month=Iul |volume=301 |issue=1 |pages=E11-24 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21540450/}}</ref>. Gubernatio principalis per [[hypothalamus|hypothalamum]] partem [[cerebrum|cerebri]] et [[glandula pituitaria|glandulam pituitariam]] (axem HPA - <u>h</u>ypothalamicum–<u>p</u>ituitarium–<u>a</u>drenalem - dictum) oritur.

==== Mineralocorticoida ====

Mineralocorticoida, per receptoria propria ([[receptorium mineralocorticoidorum|receptoria mineralocorticoidorum]]), mutationes aequilibriorum [[natrium|natrii]] Na⁺ et [[kalium|kalii]] K⁺ et [[aqua]]e H₂O, ita etiam [[sanguinis pressio]]nis efficiunt<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Gomez-Sanchez E. P., Gomez-Sanchez C. E. |title=Central regulation of blood pressure by the mineralocorticoid receptor |journal=Molecular and cellular endocrinology |year=2012 |month=Mar |volume=350 |issue=2 |pages=289-98 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21664417/}}</ref>. Mineralocorticoidum [[aldosteronum]]

* concentrationem sanguineam Na⁺ auget, reabsorptionis ope natrii ex urina, saliva, faecibus, quo fit, ut [[aqua]] in [[spatium extracelluare]] influat;

* in [[ren]]ium [[cellula parietalis|cellulis parietalibus]] quoque Na⁺ retineatur, pariter K⁺ et [[hydrogenium]] H⁺ in tubulos renales emittuntur, quo fit, ut urinae ''K⁺ diuresis'' plus pH deminutionem (urinas acidas) ostendunt.

Vice versa insufficientia glandularum cum generationis deminutione mineralocorticoidorum valores minores natrii, at kalii altiores.

==== Axis hypothalamicus–pituitarius–adrenalis (axis HPA) ====

[[Axis hypothalamicus–pituitarius–adrenalis|Axis HPA]] actiones et retroactiones inter [[cerebrum|cerebri]] hypothalamum et per [[hormon resolvens]] [[CRH]] (corticotropini resolvens hormon) hypophysem (= glamdulam pituitariam), denique per [[hormon]] [[ACTH]] (adrenocorticotropinum hormon) cortices glandularum suprarenalium describit. Munus axis HPA est synthesis corticoidorum adrenalium gubernandi.