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→‎Salve, munde!: Iam python 3.x est
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== Salve, munde! ==
Infra ostenditur programma minimum, quod "Salve, munde!" in monitorium mittit.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
print("Salve, munde!")
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
==Historia==
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== Syntaxis ==
Python indentationes, non [[ceruchus|ceruchos]], adhibet ut codices varios separet. Exempli gratia:
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
def fib(n):
if n < 2:
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else:
return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
=== Declarationes ===
Abssimiliter linguae C, non necesse est genus scribere.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
num = 1
num2 = num * 3 + 456
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series = [1, 5, 12, 123]
series_immutabilis = (123, 345, 'salve!')
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
=== Assertiones / Sententiae ===
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>print</sourcesyntaxhighlight> est dictum quod textum in monitorium mittit.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
print "Salve!"
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>if</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Latine "si")
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
if num > 5:
print "num est maior quam quinque!"
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else:
print "num aequat quinque!"
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>for</sourcesyntaxhighlight> aliquotiens currit.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
for i in range(10):
print i
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>while</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Latin "dum") currit dum conditio vera est.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
num = 2
while num < 10:
num += 1
print num
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>try</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Latine "conor") conatur fungi "conor" partem. si non secunde functus est, "praeter" partem fungitur. tandem, "tandem" partem semper fungitur, si "tandem" pars adest.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
try:
num = 10 / 0 # malus!
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finally:
print "conficio!"
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>class</sourcesyntaxhighlight> rem novam creat.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
class Canis:
def __init__(self, nomen):
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def dic_nomen(self): # si canes dicere possint
print "mihi nomen est", self.nomen
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>def</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Latine "definio") functionem definit.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
def add(num1, num2):
return num1 + num2
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>with</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Latine "cum")
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
with open("data.txt") as fin:
data = fin.read()
# process data
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>pass</sourcesyntaxhighlight> est dictum quod nihil facit.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
def nihil_facio():
pass
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>assert</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Latine "affirmo")
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
num = 9 / 3
assert num == 3 # bonus
assert num == 4 # hic tollit <code>AssertionError</code>
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>yield</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Latine "cedo")
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
def crea_generatorem():
mylist = range(4)
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# 4
# 9
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>exec</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Latine "fungor") fungitur series characterum codicis Pythonis.
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
code = "print 'salve, munde!'"
exec code # "salve, munde!" in quadrum visificum mittit
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
* <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>eval</sourcesyntaxhighlight>
<sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python">
num = eval(3 * 5)
print num # 15
</syntaxhighlight>
</source>
 
=== Operatores ===
Python habet nonnullos operatores:
* Operatores arithmetici simplices: <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>+</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (additio), <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>-</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (subtractio), <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>*</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (multiplicatio), <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>/</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (Python 2: integer divisio, Python 3: decimus divisio), et <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>**</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (exponentio)
* Operatores complexi: <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>+=</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>-=</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>*=</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>/=</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>**=</sourcesyntaxhighlight>
* Operatores comparabilis: <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline><</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>></sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline><=</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>>=</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>==</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (aequalitas pretii, non loci memoriae sicut lingua C), et <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>!=</sourcesyntaxhighlight>
* Operatores booleani: <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>and</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>or</sourcesyntaxhighlight>, <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>not</sourcesyntaxhighlight>
* Operatores bitwise: <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>&</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (et), <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>|</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (vel), <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>^</sourcesyntaxhighlight> (aut)
* Operator loci memoriae: <sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>is</sourcesyntaxhighlight>
* Operator ternarius: <code>''pars-vera'' </code><sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>if</sourcesyntaxhighlight><code> ''conditio'' </code><sourcesyntaxhighlight lang="python" enclose="none"inline>else</sourcesyntaxhighlight><code> ''pars-falsa''</code>
 
=== Genera ===
Receptum de "https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(lingua_programmandi)"