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'''Diptera''' ([[Graece]] δίπτερα '(insecta) binis alis' < δι- 'duo' + πτερόν 'ala'), vulgo plerumque '''muscae''' appellatae, sunt [[ordo (taxinomia)|ordo]] [[insecta|insectorum]] aliis dissimiles quia par [[ala]]rum [[volatus|volatús]] in [[mesothorax|mesothorace]] et par [[halter (entomologia)|halterum]]{{dubsig}}, ab alis posterioribus deductorum, in [[metathorax|metathorace]] possident.<!--which act as high-speed sensors of rotational movement and allow dipterans to perform advanced aerobatics.--><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dickinson |first=Michael H. |date=1999-05-29 |title=Haltere–mediated equilibrium reflexes of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences |volume=354 |issue=1385 |pages=903–916 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1999.0442 |pmc=1692594 |pmid=10382224}}.</ref> Nonnullae dipterorum [[species]] posteriori [[evolutio]]ne artem volandi amiserunt. Alter insectorum ordo cui sunt binae alae volatús et halteres sunt [[Strepsiptera]], quae contra Diptera halteres in mesothorace, alas volatús in metathorace gerunt. Diptera sunt magnus ordo, cui sunt 1&thinsp;000&thinsp;000 fere [[species|specierum]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bugguide.net/node/view/55 |title=Order Diptera: Flies |website=BugGuide |publisher=Iowa State University |accessdate=26 Maii 2016}}.</ref><ref name=JHComstock>{{cite book |author=Comstock, John Henry |title=An Introduction to Entomology |publisher=Comstock Publishing |date=1949 |page=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontoen1949coms/page/773 773] |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontoen1949coms}}.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mayhew |first1=Peter J. |title=Why are there so many insect species? Perspectives from fossils and phylogenies |journal=Biological Reviews |volume=82 |issue=3 |year=2007 |pages=425–454 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-185X.2007.00018.x.}}</ref>
[[Fasciculus:Aedes_aegypti.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|''[[Aëdes aegypti]].'']]
[[Fasciculus:Halteres-Tipule.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Una ex [[Tipulidae|Tipulidis]], halteribus aspectabilissimis.]]