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The '''Punjab''' (<span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span></span>/</span><small class="nowrap">&nbsp;(</small>[[File:Loudspeaker.svg|link=File:Punjab.ogg|11x11px|<small class="nowrap"><span class="unicode haudio"><span class="fn">[[File:Loudspeaker.svg|link=File:Punjab.ogg|11x11px]]</span></span></small>]]{{IPAc-en|p|ʌ|n|ˈ|dʒ|ɑː|b|audio=Punjab.ogg}}, <span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt">/-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span></span>/</span>{{IPAc-en|-|ˈ|dʒ|æ|b}}, <span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span></span>/</span>{{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|ʌ|n|dʒ|ɑː|b}}, <span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt">/-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span></span>/</span>{{IPAc-en|-|dʒ|æ|b}}), also spelled '''Panjab''' (''land of "five rivers"''; [[Lingua Paniabica|Punjabi]]: {{Lang|pnb|{{Nastaliq|پنجاب}}}} <small> (Shahmukhi)''';''' </small> {{Lang|pa|ਪੰਜਾਬ}} <small>(Gurumukhi)</small>), is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern [[Pakistania|Pakistan]] and northern [[India]]. Not being a political unit, the boundaries of the region are ill-defined and focus on historical accounts.
'''Pengabum'''<ref>"Pengabum, ''Pengab''": "[http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof2/s0616b.html India]" in {{Hofmannus}}</ref> ([[Lingua Paniabica|Paniabice]] {{lang|pnb|پنجاب}} <small>([[Shahmukhi]])</small>, {{lang|pa|ਪੰਜਾਬ}} <small>(Gurumukhi)</small>), sive '''Pentapotamia''',<ref>"Pentapotamia ... quam Penjabum appellavere recentiores" {{Google Books|NJ9BAAAAcAAJ|p. 4}}</ref> est regio geographicia et culturalis partis septentrionalis [[subcontinens Indica|subcontinentis Indicae]], quae partes [[Pakistania]]e et [[India]]e comprehendit.
 
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Until the Partition of Punjab in 1947, the British Punjab Province encompassed the present-day Indian states of [[Pengabum (India)|Punjab]], [[Hariyāṇā|Haryana]], [[Himācala Pradeśa|Himachal Pradesh]], [[Caṇḍīgaṛha|Chandigarh]], and [[Dellium|Delhi]], and the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Islamabad Capital Territory. It bordered the Balochistan and Pashtunistan regions to the west, [[Casmiria|Kashmir]] to the north, the Hindi Belt to the east, and [[Rajasthana|Rajasthan]] and Sindh to the south.
 
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{{subst;Notae}}
== See also ==
* Chak (village)
* Dhani (settlement type)
* Music of Punjab
* Punjabi culture
* [[Lingua Paniabica|Punjabi language]]
* Punjabi cuisine
* Punjabi dance
* [[Sichismus|Sikhism]]
 
== NotesBibliographia ==
 
== References ==
{{Reflist|40em}}
 
== Further reading ==
* {{Cite book|last=Narang|last1=Narang|last2=Gupta|first1=K.S.|first=K.S.|first2=Dr H.R.|date=1969|title=History of the Punjab 1500-1858|url=http://www.apnaorg.com/books/english/history-punjab-narang/history-punjab-narang.pdf|publisher=U. C. Kapur & Sons, Delhi|access-date=22 January 2014|accessdate=22 January 2014}}
* [Quraishee 73] ''Punjabi Adab De Kahani'', Abdul Hafeez Quaraihee, Azeez Book Depot, Lahore, 1973.
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* Sims, Holly. "The State and Agricultural Productivity: Continuity versus Change in the Indian and Pakistani Punjabs." ''Asian Survey'', 1 April 1986, Vol. 26(4), pp.&nbsp;483–500
 
== ExternalNexus linksexterni ==
{{Fontes geographici}}
* <span class="url">[http://punjabgovt.gov.in Official website of Punjab, India]</span>{{Official website|http://punjabgovt.gov.in|name=Official website of Punjab, India}}
* <span class="url">[http://www.punjab.gov.pk Official website of Punjab, Pakistan]</span>{{Official website|http://www.punjab.gov.pk|name=Official website of Punjab, Pakistan}}
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* {{Dmoz|Regional/Asia/Pakistan/Provinces/Punjab|Punjab, Pakistan}}
{{Coord|31|74|scale:3000000|display=title}}
 
[[Categoria:Panjaba (India)]]