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[[Fasciculus:3 Solar Interstellar Neighborhood (ELitU).png|thumb|[[Stella]]e in [[vicus|vico]] solari.]]
'''Via lactea,''',<ref name="OvMet">[[Publius Ovidius Naso|Ovidius]], ''[[Metamorphoses (Ovidius)|Metamorphoses]]'' 1.168-71.</ref><ref>[[IohannesReijo TraupmanPitkäranta]], ''LatinLexicon and English DictionaryFinnico-Latino-Finnicum'' (Novi EboraciHelsinki: Bantam BooksWSOY, 20072001), s.v. ''Milky Way''</ref><ref>"Milky Way," [[ReijoIohannes PitkärantaTraupman]], ''LexiconLatin Finnico-Latino-Finnicumand English Dictionary''. Helsinki(Novi Eboraci: WSOYBantam Books, 2001; 2007).</ref><ref>[[Ebbe Vilborg]], ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok,'' ed. editio2a secunda.(Holmiae: Norstedts akademiska förlag, Holmiae, 2009).</ref> vel '''orbis lacteus,''',<ref name="CicRP">[[Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero]], ''[[De re publica (Cicero)|De re publica]]'' 6.16.</ref> est [[galaxias]] in quo habitamus nos. Via lacteaQuae enim, [[Diametros|diametro]] circiter 100 000 [[annus luce mensus|annorum luce mensorum]] et crassitudine fere 12 000 [[annus luce mensus|a.l.m.]], [[stella]]rum 219 000 000 000 vel plura continet, inter quos [[Sol]] et [[systema solare|systema planetarium suum]], ubi est [[Tellus]] est.
== Nomen ==
[[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] a specie fasciae lacteae obscure ardentis transque [[caelum]] [[nox|nocturnum]] arcuantis deducitur, in qua stellae singulae [[oculus nudus|oculis nudis]] stellae singulae distingui non possunt. Via lactea fasciae speciem ostendit, quia compages orbis similis est, ex interiore visa. [[Publius Ovidius Naso|Ovidius]] primus inter auctores[[auctor]]es nobis notos hoc nomen refert in ''[[Metamorphoses (Ovidius)|Metamorphosibus]]'' suis, ubi de convivio et [[Concilium deorum|concilio deorum]] apud [[Iuppiter|Iovem]] celebratis narrat:
:Est '''via''' sublimis, caelo manifesta sereno:
:'''lactea''' nomen habet, candore notabilis ipso.
:Hac iter est superis ad magni tecta [[Iuppiter|Tonantis]]
:regalemque domum.<ref name="OvMet1">[[Publius Ovidius Naso|Ovidius]], ''[[Metamorphoses (Ovidius)|Metamorphoses]]'' 1.168-171.</ref>
Iam ante Ovidium, [[Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero]] in opere quod ''[[De re publica (Cicero)|De re publica]]'' scripsit appellatione usus est ''orbis lactei'':
: Ea vita via est in [[caelum]] et in hunc coetum eorum, qui iam vixerunt et corpore laxati illum incolunt locum, quem vides. (Erat autem is splendidissimo candore inter flammas circus elucens.) Quem vos, ut a Graiis accepistis, '''orbem lacteum''' nuncupatis.<ref name="CicRP">[[Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero]], ''[[De re publica (Cicero)|De re publica]]'' 6.16.</ref>
Haec appellatio a [[Lingua Graeca antiqua|Graeco]] {{Polytonic|γαλαξίας κύκλος}} mutuata est, quamquam in textibus nobis cognitis {{Polytonic|γαλαξίας}} loco substantivo primum et ante Ciceronem reperitur.<ref>E.g. [[Diodorus Siculus]], ''[[Bibliotheca historica]]'' 5.23.</ref> {{Polytonic|Γαλαξίας κύκλος}} apud posteriores invenitur.<ref>[[Sallustius (philosophus)|Sallustius philosophus]] 4; ''Placita philosophorum'' 2.7.1 Diels.</ref> Ob similitudinem certam in mythis narratur hoc nomen ''orbis'' vel ''circuli lactei'' provenisse de profusione lactis [[Iuno|Iunonis]] sive [[Hercules|Herculem]] sive [[Mercurius|Mercurium]] infantem nutrientis.<ref>e. g. Pseudo-Eratosthenes, ''Constellationes'' 44</ref>
== Cosmographia ==
Galaxias quem "viam lacteam" appellamus pars est [[grex propinquus|gregis propinqui]] (''local group''), galaxiam [[Nebula Andromedae|propinquum Andromedae]] aliosque comprehendentis, qui pars est [[supercumulus Virginis|supercumuli Virginis]] (''Virgo supercluster'') galaxias fere centum includentis, qui pars est maioris [[supercumulus Laniakea|supercumuli Laniakea]] (''Laniakea supercluster''), anno [[2014]] reperti, galaxiarum circiter centum milia comprehendentis.<ref>R. Brent Tully, Hélène Courtois, Yehuda Hoffman, Daniel Pomarède, "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v513/n7516/full/nature13674.html The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies]" in ''[[Nature]]'' 513 (4 Septembris 2014), pp. 71–73.</ref>
Via lactea medium [[bulbus galacticus|bulbum]] habet centralem, e quo emergere videntur [[bracchium spirale|bracchia spiralia]] fere quattuor, scilicet [[Bracchium Persei|Persei]], [[Bracchium Normae|Normae]] et [[Bracchium ulterius|ulterius]], [[Bracchium Scuti-Centauri|Scuti-Centauri]] et [[Bracchium Carinae-Sagittarii|Carinae-Sagittarii]]; inter bracchia Persei et Scuti-Centauri iacet [[Calcar Orionis]] ubi Sol noster reperitur.
{{NexInt}}
*[[Astrophysica]]
*[[Cosmologia]]
*[[Corona galactica]]
== Bibliographia ==
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*Camargo, D. Camargo, C. Bonatto, E. Bica,. [[2015]]. "Tracing the Galactic spiral structure with embedded clusters" in. ''Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society'' vol. 450 (2015). [http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/450/4/4150 Epitome].]
*Chicappini, Cristina. Chicappini,[[2001]]. "[http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~george/ay20/Chiappini-MilkyWay.pdf The Formation and Evolution of the Milky Way.]" in ''American Scientist,'' (Nov./Dec. 2001) pp., 506–515.
*Dambeck, Thorsten. Dambeck,[[2008]]. "Gaia's Mission to the Milky Way" in. ''Sky and Telescope,'' (Mar. 2008) pp., 36–39.
*Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Mathur, Y. Krongold, F. Nicastro, et M. Galeazzi,. [[2012]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.5037 A huge reservoir of ionized gas around the Milky Way: Accounting for the Missing Mass?]" in ''Astrophysical Journal'' 756 (2012) p.: L8 ff.
*Hammer, F. Hammer, M. Puech, L. Chemin, H. Flores, et M. Lehnert,. [[2007]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0702585 The Milky Way: An Exceptionally Quiet Galaxy; Implications for the formation of spiral galaxies]" in ''Astrophysical Journal'' vol. 662 (2007) pp.: 322–334.
*Hou, L. G. Hou, J. L. Han, et W. B. Shi,. [[2009]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.0721 The spiral structure of our Milky Way Galaxy.]" in ''Astronomy and Astrophysics'' vol. 499 (2009) p.: 473 ff.
*Kafle, Prajwal R. Kafle, Sanjib Sharma, Geraint F. Lewis, et Joss Bland-Hawthorn,. [[2014]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.1787 On the Shoulders of Giants: Properties of the Stellar Halo and the Milky Way Mass Distribution.]" (Commentatio in ''Astrophysical Journal.'' anno fere 2014 divulganda).
*McMillan, P. J. McMillan,[[2011]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/1102.4340 Mass models of the Milky Way.]" in ''Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society'' vol. 414 (2011) pp.: 2446–2457.
*Majaess, Daniel J. Majaess,[[2010]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/1002.2743 Concerning the Distance to the Center of the Milky Way and Its Structure.]" in ''Acta Astronomica'' vol. 60 (2010) p.: 55 ff.
*Mel'nik, A. M. Mel'nik, et P. Rautiainen,. [[2009]]. "Kinematics of the outer pseudorings and the spiral structure of the Galaxy" in. ''Astronomy Letters'' vol. 35 (2009) pp.: 609-624. [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//abs/2009AstL...35..609M Epitome].]
*Mutch, Simon J. Mutch, Darren J. Croton, et Gregory B. Poole,. [[2011]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/1105.2564 The mid-life crisis of the Milky Way and M31.]" in ''Astrophysical Journal'' vol. 736 (2011).
*Rix, Hans-Walter Rix, et Jo Bovy,. [[2013]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/1301.3168 The Milky Way's Stellar Disk.]" in ''Astronomy and Astrophysics Review'' vol. 21 (2013) p.: 61 ff.
*Sale, S. E. Sale, J. E. Drew, C. Knigge, et al., "[[2010]]. [http://arxiv.org/abs/0909.3857 The structure of the outer Galactic disc as revealed by IPHAS early A stars.]" in ''Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society'' vol. 402 (2010) pp.: 713–723.
*Urquhart, J. S. Urquhart, C. C. Figura, et T. J. T. Moore,. [[2013]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.4758 The RMS Survey: Galactic distribution of massive star formation.]" (Commentatio in ''Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.'' anno fere 2013 divulganda).
*Yin, J. Yin, J. L. Hou, et N. Prantzos,. [[2009]]. "[http://arxiv.org/abs/0906.4821 Milky Way vs Andromeda: a tale of two disks.]" in ''Astronomy and Astrophysics'' vol. 505 (2009) pp.: 497–508.
== Nexus externi ==
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