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'''Peshawar''' ({{lang-ur|{{nq|پشاور}}}}; {{lang-ps|پېښور}}; {{lang-hnd|پشور}}) est caput of the [[Pakistania|Pakistani]] province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,<ref name="nwfp">{{cite web|url=http://www.nwfp.gov.pk/AIS-page.php?pageName=Introduction&DistId=1&DeptId=1&LangId=1|title=NWFP Introduction|publisher=Government of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa|accessdate=12 December 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030055502/http://www.nwfp.gov.pk/AIS-page.php?pageName=Introduction&DistId=1&DeptId=1&LangId=1|archivedate=30 October 2007|deadurl=no|df=dmy}}</ref> and also serves as the administrative centre and economic hub for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas.<ref name="fata">{{cite web|url=http://www.fata.gov.pk/index.php?link=3|title=Administrative System|publisher=Government of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas|accessdate=12 December 2007}}</ref> Situated in a broad valley near the eastern end of the historic Khyber Pass, close to the border with Afghanistan, Peshawar's recorded history dates back to at least 539 [[Aera Vulgaris|B.C.E.]], making it the oldest city in Pakistan and one of the oldest in South Asia.<ref>[http://www.dawn.com/news/880603/peshawar-oldest-living-city-in-south-asia Peshawar: Oldest continuously inhabited City in South Asia]. </ref> Peshawar is the largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, and according to the last census is the ninth-largest city of Pakistan.<ref name="1998census">{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files//tables/POPULATION%20SIZE%20AND%20GROWTH%20OF%20MAJOR%20CITIES.pdf|title=Population size and growth of major cities|publisher=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]|date=1998}}</ref>