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[[Fasciculus:Farmer_plowing_in_Fahrenwalde,_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern,_Germany.jpg|thumb|Agricola [[Germania|Germanicus]] equis aratroque solum exarat.]]
[[Fasciculus:Plough.JPG|thumb|Aratrum [[Africa Australis|Africa Australi]]]]
'''Aratrum''' est instrumentum in agricultura adhibitum ut solum colatur ad semen sparsum vel plantas positas.<!-- It has been a basic instrument for most of recorded history, and represents one of the major advances in [[agriculture]]. The primary purpose of ploughing is to turn over the upper layer of the soil, bringing fresh nutrients to the surface, while burying weeds and the remains of previous crops, allowing them to break down. It also aerates the soil, and allows it to hold moisture better. In modern use, a ploughed field is typically left to dry out, and is then [[Harrow (tool)|harrow]]ed before planting.-->
== Historia ==
===Sarire===<!--
When agriculture was first developed, simple hand-held digging sticks or [[Hoe (tool)|hoe]]s would have been used in highly fertile areas, such as the banks of the [[Nile]] where the annual flood rejuvenates the soil, to create furrows wherein seeds could be sown. In order to regularly grow crops in less fertile areas, the soil must be turned to bring nutrients to the surface.-->
=== Aratrum tabulae formantis ===
[[Fasciculus:Ploughmen_Fac_simile_of_a_Miniature_in_a_very_ancient_Anglo_Saxon_Manuscript_published_by_Shaw_with_legend_God_Spede_ye_Plough_and_send_us_Korne_enow.png|right|thumb|270px|Pictura in [[manuscriptum|manuscripto]] poematis Anglici ''God Spede ye Plough'', saeculo XVI ineunte; nunc in [[Musaeum Britannicum|Musaeo Britannico]] ]]
[[Fasciculus:ChineseIronPlow1637.jpg|thumb|Aratrum ferreum Sinense cum tabula formanti curvata, anno [[1637]].]]
'''Aratrum''' est instrumentum in [[agricultura]] adhibitum ut [[solum]] ad [[semen]] spargendum vel [[planta]]s ponendas colatur.
=== Aratra gravia ===
===Aratra moderna===
== Praecipua aratra ==
=== Aratrum scalpro simile ===
===Aratrum moliens===
== Usus aratri tabulae formantis ==
== Aratri partes ==
{{div col|3}}
* Adiunctio
* Compages
* Crus
* Culter
* Cursus
* Manubria
*[[Pedologia]]
* Tabula formans (Anglice: mouldboard ~ moldboard) ▼▲* Tabula formans (Anglice: mouldboard ~ <!--moldboard )-->
On modern ploughs and some older ploughs, the mouldboard is separate from the share and runner, allowing these parts to be replaced without replacing the mouldboard. Abrasion eventually destroys all parts of a plough that contact the soil.-->
{{div col end}}
==Nexus Vide etiam interni==
*[[Aratio]]
* [[Ard (plough)]] (Scratch plough)
*[[Cultura]]<!--
* [[Sokha]] (Old Russian scratch-plough)
* [[Snowplow]]
* [[Ridge and furrow]]
* [[Railroad plough]]
* [[Foot plough]]
* [[Museum of Scottish Country Life]]
== Notae ==
<div class="references-small"><references/></div>-->
== Fontes Bibliographia==
* Temple, Robert. ''The Genius of China.'' Prion Books Limited. ISBN 1-85375-292-4.
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