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[[Fasciculus:Eleusinian hydria Antikensammlung Berlin 1984.46 n2.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Demeter]], in regali solio sedens, [[Metanira]]m [[genu|genibus]] nitentem [[manus|manu]] benedicit, quae [[triticum]] triplicem porrigit, permanens arcanorum signum ([[Pictor Varrese]], [[hydria]] [[figlina figurarum rubrarum|figurarum rubrarum]]<!--red-figure pottery--> ca. [[340 a.C.n.]], ex [[pictura vasorum Apuliana|Apulia]]).]]
'''Mysteria Eleusina'''<ref>"Mysteria Eleusina . . . Cereris sacrificia, quae ad Eleusin Oppidum Atticae celebrabantur." Ludovicus Vives, [http://books.google.com/books?id=7WrcxvOTYlAC ''Dialogos de Juan Luis Vives,''] a Christoval Coret y Peris Hispanice conversus, ed. 7a (Valentiae: 1780), p. 322.</ref><ref>''Mysteria Eleusina'' in ''[[Lucius Ampelius|Lucius Ampelius']] Liber Memorialis,'' ed. Friedrich Adolf Beck (Lipsiae: C. H. F. Hartmann, 1826), p. [http://books.google.com/books?id=uRQ9AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA70&dq=%22mysteria+eleusina%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1aFqUf3GJuXD0AGP4IDoCA&ved=0CGgQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=%22mysteria%20eleusina%22&f=false 70]: locutio false ''misteria Eleusinae'' [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/ampelius.shtml hic] edita.</ref><ref>"Haud dubie posse concludi, mysteria eleusina vim habuisse in paulina de coena Domini sententia." Carolus Guilelmus Rudolphus Schaefer, "De Quatuor quae in Novo Testamento de coena Domini extant relationum natura ac indole," dissertatio theologica inauguralis (Gueterslohae: Literarum Universitas Albertina, 1894), p. 36.</ref><ref>De ([[nomen adiectivum|nomine adiectivoGraece]], vide{{Polytonic|Ἐλευσίνα "tardaqueμυστήρια}}) Eleusinaevel matris'''sacra volventia plaustraEleusinia," '''<ref>[[VergiliusSuetonius]], ''[[GeorgicaDe vita Caesarum]], I.163. Sed confer ''Eleusinia'' in "anaglyphumClaudius" ad25; mysteria[[Aulus Eleusinia"Gellius]], in''[[Noctes Atticae]]''Bibliotheca Classica11.6.5.</ref><ref>''Eleusinis Latinasacris'' sive(abl. Collectiopl.): auctorumSuetonius, classicorum,''De vol.vita 18Caesarum'' (1819),"Nero" [http://books34.google.com/books?id=Kt8PAAAAQAAJ4; pp.''[[Historia 232–233Augusta]],'' et"Alexander apudSeverus" alios auctores18.2.</ref> ([[Graece]]necnon {{Polytonic|Ἐλευσίναaliter μυστήρια}})appellata, vel '''arcana Eleusina,'''<ref>"Arcana Eleusina": "Hinc factum est, ut ex antiquis nullo pacto eruditi potuerint eruere arcana Eleusina, & Orphica." Prosperus ab Aquila, [http://books.google.com/books?id=EjtLcFqiCQAC ''Dictionarium TheologicmTheologicum Portatile''] (1769), p. 157.</ref><ref>"Sacra velCereris" '''sacra(Cicero), Eleusiniain Cassell's, s.v. ''săcer.''</ref>[[Suetonius]]<ref>N.B. "Erichthonius rex, ''[[Dequi vitamisteria Caesarum]],''Eleusinae constituit ..."Claudius (ubi quidam legunt aut "... 25;misteria Eleusine ..." aut "... mysteria Eleusina ...") in [[Aulus GelliusAmpelius]], ''[[NoctesLiber Atticaememorialis]]'' 11.615.5.</ref><ref> Textus: Lucius Ampelius' 'Eleusinis'Liber sacrisMemorialis,'' ed. Friedrich Adolf Beck (ablLipsiae: C. plH. F. Hartmann, 1826), p. [http://books.google.com/books?id=uRQ9AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA70&dq=%22mysteria+eleusina%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1aFqUf3GJuXD0AGP4IDoCA&ved=0CGgQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=%22mysteria%20eleusina%22&f=false Suetonius,70]; ''DeLiber vita CaesarumMemorialis'' "Nero"Lucii 34Ampelii ed.4 Edvardus Woelfflinus (Lipsiae: Teubner, 1854) p. [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Ampelius/Liber_Memorialis*.html 13]; ''[[Historiahttp://www.thelatinlibrary.com/ampelius.shtml AugustaThe Latin Library]],''; "Alexandercf. Severus"Eleusina" 18.2in {{OLD}} p. 599</ref><ref>ConferDe [[nomen adiectivum|nomine adiectivo]], vide "tardaque Eleusinae matris volventia plaustra," [[Vergilius]], [[Georgica]], I.163. Sed confer ''sacra CererisEleusinia'' (Cicero),in "anaglyphum ad mysteria Eleusinia" in Cassell's'Bibliotheca Classica Latina sive Collectio auctorum classicorum,'' svol.v 18 (1819), [http://books.google.com/books?id=Kt8PAAAAQAAJ ''săcerpp. 232–233], et apud alios auctores.''</ref> fuerunt [[initia (sacra)|initia]] [[Demeter|Demetris]] et [[Persephone]]s quotannis habita, [[Eleusin]]e in [[Attica]]e antiquae [[oppidum|oppido]] notissimo condita. Quae sacra inter ceteras caerimonias apud antiquos celebrata maximi momenti habebantur.
Constant Eleusina sacra fuisse in vetere [[agrarianismus|cultu agrario]] posita, qui a tempore [[Cultura Mycenaea|Mycenaeo]] (c. 1600–[[1100 a.C.n.]]) originem trahere videtur. Etiam [[memoria]]e traditum est [[cultus|cultum]] Demetris anno [[1500 a.C.n.]] institutum fuisse.<ref>Mylonas 1961:24. "Again, from legends we learn of the arrival of the Cult of Demeter at Eleusis in the fifteenth century [a.C.n.]—an event that must of course have had a profound influence on the life and activities of the site."</ref> Notio [[immortalitas|immortalitatis]], quae in [[religio]]nibus [[syncretismus|syncretisticis]] antiquitatis comparet, antiquitate exeunte introducta est.<ref name=Nilsson42>[http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/gpr/ Martin Nilsson, ''The Greek popular religion: The cult of Eleusis,''] pp. 42–44.</ref> Mysteriis illis Persephone a [[Pluto (deus)|Plutone]] [[rex|rege]] [[inferi|inferorum]] ({{Polytonic|Ἀίδης}}) ex [[manus|manibus]] Demetris matris abducta repraesentabatur. Qui [[mythologia|mythus]], dispositus circulo tripartito qui in descensu (propter amissionem) et indagatione et adscensu consistebat, praecipue de adscensu Persephones eiusque cum matre reconciliatione narrabat. Mysteria Eleusina fuerunt feriae maioris momenti [[Hellenismus|aetate Hellenistica]] celebratae, quae postea [[Roma]]m manaverunt.<ref>[[Sergeius Uvarov|Ouvaroff, M.]]<!-- (alternatively given as Sergei Semenovich Uvarov ~ Sergey Uvarov, 1786–1855)--> (ex Francica a J. D. Price conversus) [http://books.google.com/books?id=EFocAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''Essay on the Mysteries of Eleusis''] (Londinii: Rodwell and Martin, 1817). Reimpressio: Kessinger Publishing, 2004). Secundum Ouvaroff, scire tempus primorum Mysteriorum Eleusinorum multas quaestiones habere.</ref> Quae mysteria fuerunt ''[[Eleusin]]'', [[Nomen proprium|nomen]] oppidi, prae-Graecum esse videtur. Sunt qui putent huic nomini cognationem esse cum [[Elysium|Elysio]] et [[Ilithyia]] (Graece {{Polytonic|Εἰλειθυία}}).<ref>"[[Elysion]]: The island of the happy dead (Hesiod: ''Works and days'' 166ff). [[Eileithyia]]. A Minoan goddess of childbirth and divine midwifery." F. Schachermeyer, ''Die Minoische Kultur des alten Kreta'' (Stuttgartiae: W. Kohlhammer, 1967), pp 141–142.</ref>
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