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Linea 15: '''Plantae''' {{victio\|planta\|arum\|f}} in [[biologia]] hodierna sunt [[organismus\|organismi]] vivi qui ad [[regnum (taxinomia)\|regnum]] Plantarum pertinent. Exempla familiaria sunt [[arbor]]es, [[herba]]s, [[frutex\|frutices]], [[gramen\|gramina]], [[vitis\|vites]], [[filix\|filices]], [[muscus\|musci]], et [[alga viridis\|algae virides]]. [[Botanice]], [[scientia]] quae plantas investigat, circa 350 000 [[species (taxinomia)\|species]] plantarum exstantium agnoscit, in gregibus [[Spermatophyta\|Spermatophytorum]], [[Bryophyta\|Bryophytorum]], [[Pteridophyta\|Pteridophytorum]], et [[Lycopodiophyta\|Lycopodiophytorum]] digestas. Ad usque annum [[2004]], 287 655 species inventae erant, quarum 258 650 sunt spermatophyta et 18 000 bryophyta. Plantae virides, aliquando [[Viridiplanta]]e appellatae, plurimum suae [[energia]]e ex [[lux\|luce]] per [[chloroplastum\|chloroplasta]] ratione [[photosynthesis\|photosynthesi]] capiunt. Per aetates res quae plantae habentur se aliquanto [[evolutio\|evolverunt]]. Primitus [[Carolus Linnaeus]] anno [[1735]] sola dua regna viva definivit: [[Animalia]] et [[Vegetabilia]]. [[Ernestus Haeckel]] tunc plantas ab [[protistum\|protistis]] distinxit, sed usque annum [[1938]], [[biologia\|biologi]] putabant plantas [[fungi\|fungos]], [[lichen]]es, [[alga]]s, et alia comprehendere. Post autem annum [[1969]], descriptio [[Robertus Whittaker\|Roberti Whittaker]] plerumque accepta est, ubi fungi et algi excluduntur. Secundum consuetudinem hodiernam, ~~inclusi{{dubsig}}~~comprehensi in regno plantarum sunt soli [[organismus\|organismi]] qui simul sunt [[multicellularis\|multicellulares]]: [[eukaryota\|eukaryotici]], et [[autotrophia\|autotropici]], per chloroplasta lucem capientes. Excluduntur organismi unicellulares qui ad regna [[Protistum\|Protistorum]], [[Bacterium\|Bacteriorum]], vel [[Archaeum\|Archeorum]] pertinent, et organismi [[hetertrophia\|heterotrophici]], qui ad regna [[Animalia\|Animalium]] vel [[Fungi\|Fungorum]] pertinent. == Cellulae vegetabiles == Plantarum [[cellula]]e ab [[animal]]ium cellulis differunt propter proprietates sequentes: * [[paries cellularis\|pariem cellularem]] praesentem,<!--propter pariem--> * [[Plastidium\|plastidia]] praesentia, * [[Vacuolum\|vacuola]] praesentia, * [[dictyosoma]]ta plura praesentia (in vice unius [[Complexus Golgianus\|complexus Golgiani]] [[Animalia\|Animalium]]), * [[lysosoma]]ta absentia (quorum munere vacuola funguntur), * [[Centriolum\|centriola]] absentia. == Principalia [[Taxinomia\|taxinomica]] Plantarum taxa == * [[Regnum (taxinomia)\|regnum]]: Plantae * [[Divisio (taxinomia)\|divisio]] * [[Classis (taxinomia)\|classis]] et [[classis (taxinomia)\|subclassis]] * [[Subclassis (taxinomia)\|subclassis]] * [[Ordo (taxinomia)\|ordo]] * [[Familia (taxinomia)\|familia]] Line 38 ⟶ 37: * [[Species (taxinomia)\|species]] == Systema regni plantarum == === Embryophyta === [[Fasciculus:Dandelion Blackwell 0136.jpg\|thumb\|250x\|''[[Taraxacum]],'' in libro ''Collectio stirpium: Quae in pharmacopoliis ad medicum asservantur, quarum descriptio et vires'' (Herbarium Blackwellianum emendato et aucto).]] divisio [[Bryophyta]] Line 50 ⟶ 49: * subdivisio [[Magnoliophytina]] (vel [[Angiospermae]]) Saepe Spermatophytum ~~collectio~~conlectio non tantum divisio, sed superdivisio censetur, quia hodierni doctores ~~recognoscunt~~agnoscunt in ~~evolutionis~~[[evolutio]]nis [[historia]] multiplices Spermatophytum origines exsistere. == Vide etiam == * [[Biosphaera]] * [[Biota]] Line 63 ⟶ 62: * [[Perceptio plantarum (physiologia)]] * [[Sensor foliarius]]<!--Anglice: Leaf sensor--> * [[Veronica (planta)]] == Pinacotheca == <gallery> ~~File~~Fasciculus:Borassus flabellifer.jpg\|''[[Borassus flabellifer]]'' ~~File~~Fasciculus:GntTaatiFruit.jpg\|Fructus ''[[Borassus flabellifer\|Borassi ~~floabelliferi~~flabelliferi]]'' (in loco Thaati Munjelu appellati) in foro in Guntur [[India]]e vendundati. ~~File~~Fasciculus:Turmericroot.jpg\|[[Rhizoma]] ''[[Curcuma longa]]e'' ~~File~~Fasciculus:Starr 050407-6233 Ipomoea batatas.jpg\|''[[Ipomoea batatas]]'' in [[Hortus Botanicus Maui Nui\|Horto Botanico Maui Nui]] ~~File~~Fasciculus:Pandan wangi.JPG\|''[[Pandanus amaryllifolius]]'' ~~File~~Fasciculus:California Papaya ID.jpg\|~~California~~''[[Carica ~~Papaya~~papaya]]'' cultivarietas 'California' ~~File~~Fasciculus:Papaya sunset.jpg\|''[[Carica papaya]]'', ~~cultivar~~cultivarietas 'Sunset' ~~File~~Fasciculus:Prepared lemon grass.JPG\|''[[Cymbopogon citratus]]''~~, lemon grass, oil grass~~ ~~File~~Fasciculus:Bangkuang 070612-056 stgd.jpg\|''[[Pachyrhizus erosus]],'' ~~bulb-root~~[[cormus]]. Situgede, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. ~~File~~Fasciculus:KIKU brak-ontree.JPG\|~~Fuji~~''[[Malus]],'' ~~(apple)~~cultivarietas 'Fuji' ~~File~~Fasciculus:SauropusAndrogynus.jpg\|~~Sprouting shoots of~~Surculi ''[[Sauropus androgynus\|Sauropus androgyni]]'' ~~File~~Fasciculus:Ilaneer.jpg\|''[[Cocos nucifera]]'' </gallery> == ~~Nexus externi~~ Bibliographia== [[Fasciculus:VFT ne1.JPG\|thumb\|''[[Dionaea muscipula]],'' species [[planta carnivora\|plantae carnivorae]].]] ; Generalia: * Evans, L. T. [[1998]]. ''Feeding the Ten Billion: Plants and Population Growth.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-64685-5. Judd, W. S., C. S. Campbell, E. A. Kellogg, P. F. Stevens, et M. J. Donoghue. [[2002]]. An Overview of Green Plant Phylogeny. In ''Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach.'' Ed. 2a. Sinauer Assoc. Kenrick, Paul, et Peter R. Crane. [[1997]]. ''The Origin and Early Diversification of Land Plants: A Cladistic Study.'' Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 1-56098-730-8. * Raven, Peter H., Ray F. Evert, et Susan E. Eichhorn. [[2005]]. ''Biology of Plants.'' Ed. 7a. Novi Eboraci: W. H. Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-1007-2. Sitte, Peter, Elmar Weiler, Joachim W. Kadereit, Andreas Bresinsky, er Christian Körner. [[2002]]. ''Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen,'' 35a,<!--?--> Eduard Strasburger. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag. ISBN 3-8274-1010-X. Taylor, Thomas N., et Edith L. Taylor. [[1993]]. ''The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants.'' Englewood Cliffs, Novae Caesareae: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-651589-4. Trewavas, A. [[2003]]. [http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/92/1/1 Aspects of Plant Intelligence,] ''Annals of Botany'' 92:1–20 ;Aestimationes et numeri specierum: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Species Survival Commission [[2004]]. [[IUCN Red List]] [http://www.iucnredlist.org/]. * Prance, G. T. [[2001]]. Discovering the Plant World. ''Taxon'' 50:345 ==Nexus externi== * [http://books.google.com/books?id=w0hZvTFJUioC&printsec=frontcover&dq=botanical+latin#PPA74,M1 ''Botanical Latin,'' a Gulielmo Thoma Stearn scripto, apud Google Books] * [http://taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl/TaxonTree.aspx?id=1005399 ''Taxonomicon'']

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