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{{alius|longitudine|Metrum (discretiva)}}
[[Fasciculus:Platinum-Iridium meter bar.jpg|right|frame|''Metrum ordiale,'' Platinum-Iridium. Definitio metri usque ad annum [[1960]].]]▼
'''Metrum''' {{victio|metrum|i|n}} ([[Lingua Graeca|Graece]]: ''μέτρον,'' via [[Francogallice]] ''mètre'') est [[mensura principalis]] ([[Anglice]]: ''base unit'') [[longitudo|longitudinis]], una ex septem principalibus [[physica]]e mensuris in [[Internationale Unitarum Systema|Internationali Unitarum Systemate]] ([[Anglice]]: ''International System of Units''). Definitio, primum excogitatum ut 10 000 000 pars spatii ab [[aequator]]e ad [[Polus Septentrionalis|Polum Septentrionalem]], continenter expolitur ut auctum [[metrologia]]e scitae implicet. Post [[1983]], metrum definitur ut spatium a [[lux|luce]] in [[vacuum|vacuo]] transitum 299 792 458 parte [[secundum|secundi]].<ref name="Res1">17th General Conference on Weights and Measures (1983), decretum primum.</ref>
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Anno [[1793]] metrum primum definitum fit. Definitio erat metrum esse partem <math>1/40000000</math> meridiani orbis, qui [[Lutetia]]m percurrit. Anno [[1795]] primum exemplar in metallo orichalco factum et anno [[1799]] exemplar finale, quod "metrum ordiale" nominatur, in metallo [[platinum|platino]] funditum est.
▲[[Fasciculus:Platinum-Iridium meter bar.jpg|right|frame|''Metrum ordiale,'' Platinum-Iridium. Definitio metri usque ad annum [[1960]].]]
Mensurae magis exactae telluris in [[saeculum 19|saeculo undevicensimo]] effectae monstrabant priorem mensuram falsam fuisse. Novum exemplar necessarium erat. Hoc anno, [[1889]], ab officiis mundi ponderum et mensuris in metallis platino (90%) et [[iridium|iridio]] (10%) funditum est.
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* [[Index magnitudinum physicarum]]
* [[Spatium]]
==Notae==
<references/>
==Bibliographia==
[[Categoria:Unitates physicae]]▼
* {{Anchor|cgpm1983}}17th [[General Conference on Weights and Measures]]. (1983). [http://www.bipm.org/en/CGPM/db/17/1/ Resolution 1.] [[International Bureau of Weights and Measures]].
* {{Anchor|beers1992}}Beers, J.S. & Penzes, W. B. (1992). [http://ts.nist.gov/MeasurementServices/Calibrations/upload/4998.pdf NIST Length Scale Interferometer Measurement Assurance.] (NISTIR 4998). [[National Institute of Standards and Technology]].
* {{Anchor|bipm2006}}Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. (2006). [http://www1.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si_brochure_8.pdf ''The International System of Units (SI)'']. Retrieved 18 August 2008.
** [http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/ HTML version]. Retrieved 24 August 2008.
* Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. (n.d.). [http://www.bipm.fr/en/convention/resolutions.html ''Resolutions of the CGPM''] (search facility). Retrieved 3 June 2006.
* Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. (n.d.). [http://www1.bipm.org/en/si/history-si/evolution_metre.html ''The BIPM and the evolution of the definition of the metre'']. Retrieved 3 June 2006.
* Layer, H.P. (2008). [http://www.mel.nist.gov/div821/museum/length.htm ''Length—Evolution from Measurement Standard to a Fundamental Constant'']. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 18 August 2008. <!-- Information there not yet included in article -->
* Mohr, P., Taylor, B.N., and David B. Newell, D. (28 December 2007). [http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/codata.pdf ''CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2006'']. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 18 August 2008.
* National Institute of Standards and Technology. (December 2003). [http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/index.html ''The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty: International System of Units (SI)''] (web site):
** [http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/units.html ''SI base units'']. Retrieved 18 August 2008.
** [http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/current.html ''Definitions of the SI base units'']. Retrieved 18 August 2008.
** {{anchor|nistmetre}}[http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/meter.html ''Historical context of the SI: Metre'']. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
* National Research Council Canada. (16 May 2008). [http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/research/optical_frequency_si_e.html ''Optical Frequency - Maintaining the SI Metre'']. Retrieved 18 August 2008.
* {{anchor|penzes2005}}Penzes, W. (29 December 2005). [http://www.mel.nist.gov/div821/museum/timeline.htm ''Time Line for the Definition of the Meter'']. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology — Precision Engineering Division. Retrieved 3 June 2006.
* {{Anchor|taylor2008a}}Taylor, B.N. and Thompson, A. (Eds.). (2008a). [http://physics.nist.gov/Pubs/SP330/sp330.pdf ''The International System of Units (SI)'']. United States version of the English text of the eighth edition (2006) of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures publication ''Le Système International d’ Unités (SI)'' (Special Publication 330). Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 18 August 2008.
* {{Anchor|taylor2008b}}Taylor, B.N. and Thompson, A. (2008b). [http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/sp811.pdf ''Guide for the Use of the International System of Units''] (Special Publication 811). Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
* Tibo Qorl. (2005) [http://histoire.du.metre.free.fr/en/ The History of the Meter] (Translated by Sibille Rouzaud). Retrieved 18 August 2008.
* {{Anchor|turner}}Turner, J. (Deputy Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology). (16 May 2008).[http://ts.nist.gov/WeightsAndMeasures/Metric/upload/FRN_Vol_73_No_96_16May2008_SI_Interpretation.pdf "Interpretation of the International System of Units (the Metric System of Measurement) for the United States"]. ''Federal Register'' Vol. 73, No. 96, p. 28432-3.
*Zagar, B.G. (1999). [http://books.google.com/books?id=VXQdq0B3tnUC&pg=PT164#PPT160,M1 Laser interferometer displacement sensors] in J.G. Webster (ed.). ''The Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook.'' CRC Press. isbn=0849383471.
[[Categoria:Mensura]]
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