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[[Image:Extent of territorial control in sri lanka.png|right|thumb|180px|Fines in Sri Lanca a Liberationi Tigribus adsumptae quam partes Eelam Tamilensis, et status in Decembri 2005: terrae rubrae sub Liberationi Tigrum; flammearum partes sub Liberationi Tigrum, partes sub gubernatione Sri Lanca; flavae adsumptae, at non rectae.]]
'''Eelam Tamilense''' ([[Lingua TamilensisTamulica|TamilenseTamulice]]: தமிழ் ஈழம், ''tamiḻ īḻam'') est nomen ab hominibus qui [[insula]]m [[Sri Lanca]]m septentrionalem orientalem (an borealem?), qui se appellant Tamiles, incolunt datum [[natio]]ni a Sri Lanca librae quam affectant. ''Ilancai'' (இலங்கை) et ''ilam'' (ஈழம்) nomina Tamilensia sunt duo pro tota insula.
Ad tempus, Eelam Tamilense sicut natio libera Tamilibus ipsibus videtur. Collegium, quod appellatur Tigres Eelam Tamilensis Liberandi (LTTE), fere dimidium administrant terrae eius, quam Eelam Tamilensi attribuendam Tamiles putant. Includi enim volunt [[Kilinochchi]] [[Mullaiththeevu]]que regiones, partibus [[Mannar]], [[Batticaloa]], [[Vavuniya]], [[Trincomalee]], [[Amparai]] regionum accedentibus.
Pars [[Sri Lanca]]e ad boream spectans Tigribus regitur quasi res publica sui iuris. Habet [[iudicium supremum]], [[aedil]]es <!-- i.e. police force-->, [[exercitus|exercitum]], [[classis (nautica)|classem]], [[classis aeria|classem aeriam]], [[consilium secretum]], etiam [[aerarium]], quae institutiones tamen [[Sri Lanca]]e magistratibus non agnoscuntur. <!--It is dependent on electricity and commodity supplies from the government held area through the A9 highway. It does not have its own currency and uses the Sri Lankan [[rupee]]. The LTTE has often accused the government of imposing embargos on essential goods, causing distress to the civilians. It does not have its own airport and foreign travellers must go through the [[Bandaranaike International Airport|Colombo airport]].
==Central issue==
The concept of Eelam or homeland is a central issue in the [[Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka|Sri Lankan conflict]] that has been under way for more than two decades. It was first proposed by the [[Tamil United Liberation Front]] (TULF) in 1976. TULF was a coalition of Tamil parties who campaigned in the 1977 elections for an independent state for Tamils in Sri Lanka. In the 1977 elections the TULF was elected to parliament from the northern and eastern provinces. In order to counter separatist tendencies, the government added a new clause to the constitution in 1978 requiring all MPs to pledge allegiance to the unity of the state, which resulted in the boycott of the parliament by the TULF. A number of militant groups then emerged fighting for an independent state.[[Image:Tamil_eelam_stamp.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A stamp which was issued by one of the militant groups in the early 1980s.]]
As used by both the TULF and the militant groups, ''Tamil Eelam'' has only referred to the northeasterly portions of [[Sri Lanka]] (principally, the districts of [[Jaffna]], [[Kilinochchi]], [[Mullaitivu]], [[Mannar]], [[Puttalam]], [[Trincomalee]], [[Vavuniya]], [[Batticaloa]] and [[Amparai]] claimed by Tamils as being their traditional homeland. Some of the early militant groups such as the [[EPRLF]], however, adhered to a wider concept of ''Eelam'', by which they meant all parts of the island of Sri Lanka with a Tamil majority, including the upcountry districts with a Plantation Tamil majority, traditionally part of the [[Sinhalese]] heartland.
For all practical purposes today, though, the demand for an independent state is limited to Tamil Eelam, and particularly the northern and eastern provinces.
[[Image:LTTECoin.jpg|right|thumb|180px|A token issued by the LTTE and its limited postal services.]]
From 1948 to 2002 there have been approximately 38 militant groups who have at one time or another fought for the Tamil Eelam's independence. This number includes the better known groups such as the LTTE (also known as the '''Tamil Tigers'''),'TELO – [[Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization]], EPRLF – [[Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front]], PLOTE – [[People's Liberation Organization of Tamil Eelam]], EROS – [[Eelam Revolutionary Organization of Students]], and also lesser-known groups such as TEA – [[Tamil Eelam Army]], FTA – Ilankai [[Freedom Tamil Army]], SRSL – [[Socialist Revolutionary Social Liberation]].
==De statu regionis== (N.B. possibly redundant)
Die Organisation Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) betreibt die Abspaltung dieses Gebietes. Sie bezeichnet dabei den von ihr kontrollierten Teil der Insel als Tamil Eelam. Insbesondere der Norden der Insel untersteht nicht mehr der Kontrolle der Zentralregierung, sondern ist de facto quasi-unabhängig, jedenfalls existieren dort eigene Institutionen der Justiz, Verwaltung, Zentralbank, Militär usw. Die Souveränität dieser besetzten Gebiete wird jedoch weder von der Regierung in Colombo noch von irgendeinem Mitglied der UNO anerkannt, und sie sind weiterhin in Hinblick auf Waren- und Stromversorgung und Verkehr (es gibt beispielsweise keinen eigenen Flughafen) auf Sri Lanka angewiesen. Die sri-lankische Rupie ist außerdem Zahlungsmittel in den von der LTTE kontrollierten
==See also==
* [[Flag of Tamil Eelam]]
* [[Eelam]]
* [[Black July]]
* [[Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka]]
* [[List of Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups]]-->
==Nexus externi==
[[Categoria:Translatio Hebdomadalis]]
[[Categoria:NationesCivitates propositae]]
[[Categoria:Tamules]]
[[Categoria:Taprobane]]
[[ast:Tamil Eelam]]
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