Lobelia

Lobelia^[1] est genus plantarum florentium quod circa 360–400 species comprehendit, distributione subcosmopolitana, praecipue in tropicis temperatisque callidioribus orbis terrarum regionibus, paucis speciebus regiones temperatas frigidiores tangentibus.^[2] Genus ex Matthia de Lobel (1538–1616) botanista Belgico appellatur.^[2]

Lobelia erinus

Plantae — Angiospermae

Eudicotyledones
Asteridae
Ordo : Asterales
Familia : Campanulaceae
Subfamilia : Lobelioideae
Genus : Lobelia
L.

Subdivisiones: Species

Vide commentarium.

*Lobeliae* ad circa 4000 m in Bale Montibus in Terris Altis Aethiopicis.

Nonnulli botanistae genus et eius cognatas in Lobeliaceis, familia separata, disponunt; alii, ut subfamilia Lobelioideae intra Campanulaceas. Angiospermarum Phylogeniae Grex, rem non statuens, genus sub ambabus familiis disposuit.

Speciebus Lobeliae vescuntur larvae nonnullarum Lepidopterorum, Xestia c-nigro inclusa.

Genus Lobelia ad honorem Matthiae de Lobel a Carolo Plumier nominatum est; quod nomen Carolus Linnaeus descriptione confirmavit.^[3]

Species delectae

Lobelia aberdarica R.E. & T.C.E.Fries (Kenya et Uganda)
Lobelia anatina
Lobelia anceps
Lobelia appendiculata
Lobelia assurgens
Lobelia berlandieri
Lobelia bambuseti
Lobelia boykinii
Lobelia canbyi
Lobelia cardinalis L. (syn. L. fulgens) (America)
Lobelia chinensis Lour. (Asia Orientalis et Asia Meridiana)
Lobelia collina Kunth (Aequatoria)
Lobelia comosa
Lobelia coronopifolia
Lobelia deckenii Hemsl., 1877 (Africa orientalis)
Lobelia dortmanna L. (America Septentrionalis septentrionalis et Europa)
Lobelia erinus L. (Africa meridiana)
Lobelia flaccidifolia
Lobelia flaccida
Lobelia gaudichaudii A.DC (Oʻahu in Havaiʻis)
Lobelia gerardii
Lobelia gibberoa
Lobelia hypoleuca Hillebr. (Hawaiʻi)
Lobelia ilicifolia (syn. L. purpurascens)
Lobelia inflata L. (America Septentrionalis orientalis)

Lobelia kalmii L. (America Septentrionalis septentrionalis)
Lobelia laxiflora
Lobelia leschenaultiana
Lobelia monostachya (Rock) Lammers (Oʻahu in Havaiʻis)
Lobelia nicotianifolia
Lobelia niihauensis H.St.John (Niʻihau, Kauaʻi, et Oʻahu in Havaiʻis)
Lobelia oahuensis Rock (Oʻahu in Havaiʻis)
Lobelia persicifolia
Lobelia pratioides Benth. (Australia)
Lobelia pinifolia
Lobelia puberula
Lobelia pyramidalis
Lobelia rhombifolia
Lobelia rosea
Lobelia sessilifolia
Lobelia siphilitica L. (America Septentrionalis orientalis et media)
Lobelia spicata
Lobelia telekii Scwheinf (montes Ugandae et Kenyae)
Lobelia tenuior
Lobelia thapsoidea Schott (Brasilia meridio-orientalis)
Lobelia tupa L. (Media Chilia)
Lobelia urens
Lobelia valida
Lobelia zeylanica

Calceatae Mexici Lobeliae

Circa undecim speciebus in Mexico et Media America sunt carcaria in floribus. Hae Lobeliae ut videntur sunt grex monophyleticus, quarum plurimi in genere Heterotoma (vel aliquando Calcaratolobelia) disponuntur; quod autem earum cognatae proximae, sicut Lobelia anatina, recte sunt in Lobelia, Koopman et Ayers eas in Lobelia disponunt.^[4]

Index (partim):

Lobelia aurita (Heterotoma aurita). Una ex comunissimarum plantarum sub silva in Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests.^?^[5]
Lobelia calcarata (Heterotoma lobelioides^[6] vel Lobelia lobelioides^[4])
Lobelia cordifolia (Heterotoma cordifolia)^[7]
Lobelia flexuosa (Heterotoma flexuosa)^[7]
Lobelia mcvaughii^[7]
Lobelia volcanica (Heterotoma tenella)^[7]

Cultus et usus

Nonnullae excoluntur species ut plantae ornamentales in hortis; quae Lobeliam cardinalem, Lobeliam siphiliticam, Lobeliam fulgentem, Lobeliam erinum, et nonnullas hybridas comprehendunt.

Lobelia erinus est planta annua Africae Australia, multis cultivarietatibus multos colores monstrantibus; colitur in solo nudo, magnis vasis, window boxes^?, et corbibus pendentibus (Anglice: hanging baskets).

In lingua florum Aetatis Victorianae, Lobelia malignitatem et malevolentiam exprimit.

Usus in medicina

Indigenae Americarum Lobeliam adhibuerunt ut medicina quae alvum purgat ad curandos morbos respiratorios et musculares. Hodie adhibetur ad curandam asthmam et venenum cibi (Anglice: food poisoning). Species usitate in herbalismo hodierno adhibita est Lobelia inflata.^[8]

Duae species, Lobelia siphilitica et Lobelia cardinalis, ad curandam syphilem^? olim adhibitae sunt.^[9]

Samuel Thompson herbalista medicinalem Lobeliae usum in Civitatibus Foederatis saeculo undevicensimo ineunte populo gratum effecit; etiam Hydrastem canadensem et alias plantas.^[8]

Una species, Lobelia chinensis (Mandarinice: bàn bian lián) adhibetur ut una ex quinquaginta herbis nuclearibus in medicina Sinica (traditional Chinese medicine).

Notae

↑ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 A. Huxley, ed., New RHS Dictionary of Gardening (Macmillan, 1992, ISBN 0-333-47494-5).
↑ Plumier (1703); Carolus Linnaeus, Species plantarum (Holmiae: impensis L. Salvii, 1753) vol. 2 p. 929 (Latine)
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Koopman, M. M.; Ayers, T. J. (2005). "Nectar spur evolution in the Mexican lobelias (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae)". American Journal of Botany 92: 558 .
↑ Díaz, Sara C.; Touchan, Ramzi; Swetnam, Thomas W. (2001). "A tree-ring reconstruction of past precipitation for Baja California Sur, Mexico". International Journal of Climatology 21: 1007
↑ ipni.org.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 World Checklist
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 "Lobelia". EBSCO Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Review Board. January 2006
↑ Marie-Françoise Guédon, Sacred Smudging in North America (Walkabout Press, 2000).

Bibliographia

Everitt, J. H., R. L. Lonard, et C. R. Little. 2007. Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbhock Texiae: Texas Tech University Press. ISBN 0-89672-614-2.
Plumier, Carolus. 1703. Nova plantarum Americanarum genera p. 21

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Lobeliam spectant.

Situs scientifici: Tropicos • Tela Botanica • GRIN • ITIS • NCBI • Biodiversity • Plant Name Index • WoRMS: Marine Species • Plantes d'Afrique • Flora of China • Flora of North America • USDA Plants Database

stipula

Haec stipula ad biologiam spectat. Amplifica, si potes!

[1] Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607.

[rhs-2] 2.0 ^2.1 A. Huxley, ed., New RHS Dictionary of Gardening (Macmillan, 1992, ISBN 0-333-47494-5).

[3] Plumier (1703); Carolus Linnaeus, Species plantarum (Holmiae: impensis L. Salvii, 1753) vol. 2 p. 929 (Latine)

[koopman-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Koopman, M. M.; Ayers, T. J. (2005). "Nectar spur evolution in the Mexican lobelias (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae)". American Journal of Botany 92: 558 .

[5] Díaz, Sara C.; Touchan, Ramzi; Swetnam, Thomas W. (2001). "A tree-ring reconstruction of past precipitation for Baja California Sur, Mexico". International Journal of Climatology 21: 1007

[6] .org.

[kew-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 World Checklist

[EBSCO-8] 8.0 ^8.1 "Lobelia". EBSCO Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Review Board. January 2006

[9] Marie-Françoise Guédon, Sacred Smudging in North America (Walkabout Press, 2000).

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